For both **employees and employers**, remote work requires **intentional design** and implementation to be effective. People find remote work challenging because the **established mindset** says that being in an office is how work gets done. Remote workers also need to prioritize their **mental health**, by taking breaks, getting exercise, and having a social life. Despite the challenges, when remote work is done well, the **advantages** to employees and employer are sufficient to make it worthwhile.
无论对于**雇员**还是**雇主**,要想使远程工作有效,需要双方**有心的设计**和实施。人们感觉远程工作很有挑战性,是因为**固有的思维模式**都认为,去办公室上班才是完成工作的方式。远程工作者还需要通过休息、锻炼和社会生活,来优先保障他们的**心理健康**。尽管存在挑战,但只要安排得当,远程工作给雇员和雇主带来的**好处**都足以使其值得一试。
**The first starting point for remote employees is to have clear separation between home and work.** This can be done through physical separation, by having a dedicated home office, or even working at a shared-work facility, such as Regus or WeWork. It is also helpful to have a transition point, something to replace a commute, that delineates the shift from being at home to being at work. Some people have found taking their dog for a walk, or simply going out the front door and coming in the back door of their house is enough to make the mental shift and start focusing on work.
**员工在家工作,第一要务就是把家和工作分开。**
**Successful remote work is not just up to the employees.** Companies and managers must make extra effort to exhibit transparency and establish trust, because you don’t have benefits of casual conversation and body language like you would working in the same location. Psychological safety is needed for remote working, and this means managers must be prepared to be vulnerable. Once a manager shows they are comfortable sharing something difficult, then employees will be more comfortable reciprocating. Humble said, “You have to fundamentally trust people because you can’t see what they do. They have to tell you.”
**远程工作要想成功,不仅仅靠员工。**
**Establishing a high level of trust among remote managers and employees starts with having good meeting rituals.** Meetings should be conducted on video if at all possible, and start with a “check in” for each team member. The check in lets people state how they are feeling that day, and what else is going on that may be affecting their mood or productivity. Managers must lead by example, because what you do is more important than what you say. For more suggestions on meeting rituals, Humble recommended the High-Performance Teams mini-book by Richard Kasperowski, author of The Core Protocols.
**经理和员工之间的高度信任,始于一套好的会议仪式。**
**An established calendar of regular meetings also helps create structure for distributed teams.** A daily huddle takes the place of a “standup.” Because remote teams build a higher level of independence than co-located teams, this may only need to occur twice per week to keep everyone aligned.
**定期的会议日程安排有助于为分散的团队建立结构。**
**One-on-one meetings between employee and manager are extremely important, and must be treated as sacrosanct.** These meetings are for the employee, with discussions about their career and other personal concerns. Humble had two absolute rules: The one-on-one is not a status meeting, and managers should never be allowed to cancel the meeting.
**员工和经理一对一的会议也很重要。**
**Strategic discussions are very challenging to have remotely, so these will usually occur when everyone involved can meet in person, which is every four months for C4, and coincides with QCon scheduling.** C4 has an annual “all hands” meeting that lasts for four days, which also involves flying everyone into one location. This is obviously very expensive and a logistical challenge, but is extremely valuable. While everyone does not need to be co-located all the time, there are some situations which are only really effective when a team is all together. These include strategic discussions and just help re-enforce the bonds between team members.
战略性的讨论很难远程进行,通常需要见面开会。
**Humble shared a list of tools he and C4 have used.** Slack for IM; Zoom for video conferencing; Workplace for “water cooler”-like chats; Google Docs for remote collaboration; and 15Five for private retrospectives. While these work for his team, many options exist. The important thing is to try and find what works effectively in your situation, because bad tooling can have a serious effect on remote working.
**Humble(演讲人)分享了一堆C4用的工具。**
While remote work is very appealing to some employees, it does come with some **trade-offs**. Although the **time and costs** associated with **commuting** disappear, **new costs** may be incurred from premium high-speed internet, a good laptop, a nice desk, and especially a good office chair. A subject not often, or easily, discussed regarding remote work is **mental health**. **Burnout** is a real, serious issue, and is endemic in IT. **Trust and openness** is critically important, and allows team members to recognize when someone is struggling, and **help them cope**, including seeking professional help. **Loneliness** can also be a problem, and it takes active effort to make your **family** and your **social life** a real priority. **Pets, exercise, and getting into nature can also help improve mental well-being**.
虽然远程工作对某些员工非常有吸引力,但**有得必有失**。与上下班相关的**时间和财务成本**消失了,但是会产生**新的成本**去购置高速上网服务、好的笔记本电脑、漂亮的办公桌、特别是一张舒服的办公椅。远程工作的另一个不经常或不容易讨论的话题是**心理健康**。**职业倦怠**是一个现实而严重的问题,并且在 IT 行业普遍存在。**信任和坦诚**至关重要,只有这样团队成员才能够发现正在挣扎的同事,并及时**帮助**他们,包括寻求专业的帮助。**孤独**也是一个问题,让**家庭和社交**真正成为生活重心是需要你为之付出积极努力的。**宠物、锻炼和亲近大自然也可以帮助改善心理健康。**