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<a href="/专栏/案例上手 Spring Boot WebFlux（完）/08 WebFlux 中 Redis 实现缓存.md.html">08 WebFlux 中 Redis 实现缓存</a>
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<a href="/专栏/案例上手 Spring Boot WebFlux（完）/11 WebFlux 实战图书管理系统.md.html">11 WebFlux 实战图书管理系统</a>
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<p id="tip" align="center"></p>
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<div><h1>07 WebFlux 整合 Redis</h1>
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<h3>前言</h3>
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<p>上一篇内容讲了如何整合 MongoDB，这里继续讲如何操作 Redis 这个数据源，那什么是 Reids？</p>
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<p>Redis 是一个高性能的 key-value 数据库，<a href="https://github.com/antirez/redis">GitHub 地址详见这里</a>。GitHub 是这么描述的：</p>
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<p>Redis is an in-memory database that persists on disk. The data model is key-value, but many different kind of values are supported: Strings, Lists, Sets, Sorted Sets, Hashes, HyperLogLogs, Bitmaps.</p>
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<p>Redis 是内存式数据库，存储在磁盘，支持的数据类型很多：Strings、Lists、Sets、Sorted Sets、Hashes、HyperLogLogs、Bitmaps 等。</p>
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<h4>安装简易教程（适用 Mac/Linux）</h4>
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<p>下载并解压：</p>
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<pre><code>下载安装包 redis-x.x.x.tar.gz
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## 解压
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tar zxvf redis-2.8.17.tar.gz
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</code></pre>
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<p>编译安装：</p>
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<pre><code>cd redis-x.x.x/
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make ## 编译
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</code></pre>
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<p>启动 Redis：</p>
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<pre><code>cd src/
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redis-server
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</code></pre>
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<p>如果需要运行在守护进程，设置 daemonize 从 no 修改成 yes，并指定运行：redis-server redis.conf。</p>
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<p><img src="assets/f9abbce7c1585de46bf88b7a6af427691524817.png" alt="file" /></p>
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<h3>结构</h3>
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<p>类似上面讲的工程搭建，新建一个工程编写此案例，工程如图：</p>
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<p><img src="assets/42ed19c43dfc8031b5ab260e6b3446111524816.png" alt="file" /></p>
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<p>目录核心如下：</p>
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<ul>
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<li>pom.xml maven 配置</li>
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<li>application.properties 配置文件</li>
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<li>domain 实体类</li>
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<li>controller 控制层，本文要点</li>
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</ul>
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<h3>新增 POM 依赖与配置</h3>
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<p>在 pom.xml 配置新的依赖：</p>
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<pre><code> <!-- Spring Boot 响应式 Redis 依赖 -->
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis-reactive</artifactId>
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</dependency>
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</code></pre>
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<p>类似 MongoDB 配置，在 application.properties 配置连接 Redis：</p>
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<pre><code>## Redis 配置
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## Redis服务器地址
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spring.redis.host=127.0.0.1
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## Redis服务器连接端口
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spring.redis.port=6379
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## Redis服务器连接密码（默认为空）
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spring.redis.password=
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# 连接超时时间（毫秒）
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spring.redis.timeout=5000
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</code></pre>
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<p>默认 密码为空，这里注意的是连接超时时间不能太少或者为 0，不然会引起异常 RedisCommandTimeoutException: Command timed out。</p>
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<h3>对象</h3>
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<p>修改 org.spring.springboot.domain 包里面的城市实体对象类，城市（City）对象 City，代码如下：</p>
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<pre><code>import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
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import java.io.Serializable;
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/**
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* 城市实体类
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*
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*/
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public class City implements Serializable {
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private static final long serialVersionUID = -2081742442561524068L;
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/**
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* 城市编号
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*/
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@Id
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private Long id;
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/**
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* 省份编号
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*/
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private Long provinceId;
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/**
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* 城市名称
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*/
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private String cityName;
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/**
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* 描述
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*/
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private String description;
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public Long getId() {
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return id;
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}
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public void setId(Long id) {
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this.id = id;
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}
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public Long getProvinceId() {
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return provinceId;
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}
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public void setProvinceId(Long provinceId) {
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this.provinceId = provinceId;
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}
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public String getCityName() {
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return cityName;
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}
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public void setCityName(String cityName) {
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this.cityName = cityName;
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}
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public String getDescription() {
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return description;
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}
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public void setDescription(String description) {
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this.description = description;
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}
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>值得注意点：</p>
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<ul>
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<li>@Id 注解标记对应库表的主键或者唯一标识符。因为这个是我们的 DO，数据访问对象一一映射到数据存储。</li>
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<li>City 必须实现序列化，因为需要将对象序列化后存储到 Redis。如果没实现 Serializable，会引出异常：java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: DefaultSerializer requires a Serializable payload but received an object of type。</li>
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<li>如果不是用默认的序列化，需要自定义序列化实现，只要实现 RedisSerializer 接口去实现即可，然后在使用 RedisTemplate.setValueSerializer 方法去设置你实现的序列化实现，支持 JSON、XML 等。</li>
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</ul>
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<h3>控制层 CityWebFluxController</h3>
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<p>代码如下：</p>
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<pre><code>import org.spring.springboot.domain.City;
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import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
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import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
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import org.springframework.data.redis.core.ValueOperations;
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import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
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import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;
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import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
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@RestController
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@RequestMapping(value = "/city")
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public class CityWebFluxController {
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@Autowired
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private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
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@GetMapping(value = "/{id}")
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public Mono<City> findCityById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
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String key = "city_" + id;
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ValueOperations<String, City> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
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boolean hasKey = redisTemplate.hasKey(key);
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City city = operations.get(key);
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if (!hasKey) {
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return Mono.create(monoSink -> monoSink.success(null));
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}
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return Mono.create(monoSink -> monoSink.success(city));
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}
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@PostMapping()
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public Mono<City> saveCity(@RequestBody City city) {
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String key = "city_" + city.getId();
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ValueOperations<String, City> operations = redisTemplate.opsForValue();
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operations.set(key, city, 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
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return Mono.create(monoSink -> monoSink.success(city));
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}
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@DeleteMapping(value = "/{id}")
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public Mono<Long> deleteCity(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
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String key = "city_" + id;
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boolean hasKey = redisTemplate.hasKey(key);
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if (hasKey) {
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redisTemplate.delete(key);
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}
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return Mono.create(monoSink -> monoSink.success(id));
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}
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>代码详解：</p>
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<ul>
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<li>使用 @Autowired 注入 RedisTemplate 对象，这个对象和 Spring 的 JdbcTemplate 功能十分相似，RedisTemplate 封装了 RedisConnection，具有连接管理、序列化和各个操作等，还有针对 String 的支持对象 StringRedisTemplate。</li>
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<li>删除 Redis 某对象，直接通过 key 值调用 delete(key)。</li>
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<li>Redis 操作视图接口类用的是 ValueOperations，对应的是 Redis String/Value 操作，get 是获取数据；set 是插入数据，可以设置失效时间，这里设置的失效时间是 60 s。</li>
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<li>还有其他的操作视图，ListOperations、SetOperations、ZSetOperations 和 HashOperations。</li>
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</ul>
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<h3>运行工程</h3>
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<p>一个操作 Redis 工程就开发完毕了，下面运行工程验证一下，使用 IDEA 右侧工具栏，单击 Maven Project Tab，单击使用下 Maven 插件的 install 命令。或者使用命令行的形式，在工程根目录下，执行 Maven 清理和安装工程的指令：</p>
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<pre><code>cd springboot-webflux-6-redis
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mvn clean install
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</code></pre>
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<p>在控制台中看到成功的输出：</p>
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<pre><code>... 省略
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[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
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[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
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[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
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[INFO] Total time: 01:30 min
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[INFO] Finished at: 2018-10-15T10:00:54+08:00
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[INFO] Final Memory: 31M/174M
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[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
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</code></pre>
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<p>在 IDEA 中执行 Application 类启动，任意正常模式或者 Debug 模式，可以在控制台看到成功运行的输出：</p>
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<pre><code>... 省略
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2018-04-10 08:43:39.932 INFO 2052 --- [ctor-http-nio-1] r.ipc.netty.tcp.BlockingNettyContext : Started HttpServer on /0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:8080
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2018-04-10 08:43:39.935 INFO 2052 --- [ main] o.s.b.web.embedded.netty.NettyWebServer : Netty started on port(s): 8080
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2018-04-10 08:43:39.960 INFO 2052 --- [ main] org.spring.springboot.Application : Started Application in 6.547 seconds (JVM running for 9.851)
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</code></pre>
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<p>打开 POST MAN 工具，开发必备。进行下面操作：</p>
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<h4>新增城市信息 POST http://127.0.0.1:8080/city</h4>
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<p><img src="assets/f69fa5b09730de686ef4837824da48e71523883-1608971256856.png" alt="file" /></p>
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<h4>获取城市信息 GET http://127.0.0.1:8080/city/2</h4>
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<p><img src="assets/2e129648b8e574a54ff7940f00f1dc591524819.png" alt="file" /></p>
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<p>如果等待 60s 以后，再次则会获取为空，因为保存的时候设置了失效时间是 60 s。</p>
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<h3>总结</h3>
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<p>这里探讨了 Spring WebFlux 的如何整合 Redis，介绍了如何通过 RedisTemplate 去操作 Redis。因为 Redis 在获取资源性能极佳，常用 Redis 作为缓存存储对象，下面我们利用 Reids 实现缓存操作。</p>
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</div>
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|
||
var name = cname + "=";
|
||
var ca = document.cookie.split(';');
|
||
for (var i = 0; i < ca.length; i++) {
|
||
var c = ca[i].trim();
|
||
if (c.indexOf(name) === 0) return c.substring(name.length, c.length);
|
||
}
|
||
return "";
|
||
}
|
||
</script>
|
||
</html>
|