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Translate all code to English (#1836)
* Review the EN heading format. * Fix pythontutor headings. * Fix pythontutor headings. * bug fixes * Fix headings in **/summary.md * Revisit the CN-to-EN translation for Python code using Claude-4.5 * Revisit the CN-to-EN translation for Java code using Claude-4.5 * Revisit the CN-to-EN translation for Cpp code using Claude-4.5. * Fix the dictionary. * Fix cpp code translation for the multipart strings. * Translate Go code to English. * Update workflows to test EN code. * Add EN translation for C. * Add EN translation for CSharp. * Add EN translation for Swift. * Trigger the CI check. * Revert. * Update en/hash_map.md * Add the EN version of Dart code. * Add the EN version of Kotlin code. * Add missing code files. * Add the EN version of JavaScript code. * Add the EN version of TypeScript code. * Fix the workflows. * Add the EN version of Ruby code. * Add the EN version of Rust code. * Update the CI check for the English version code. * Update Python CI check. * Fix cmakelists for en/C code. * Fix Ruby comments
This commit is contained in:
Yudong Jin
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/**
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* File: array.dart
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* Created Time: 2023-01-20
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* Author: Jefferson (JeffersonHuang77@gmail.com)
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*/
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// ignore_for_file: unused_local_variable
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import 'dart:math';
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/* Random access to element */
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int randomAccess(List<int> nums) {
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// Randomly select a number in the interval [0, nums.length)
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int randomIndex = Random().nextInt(nums.length);
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// Retrieve and return the random element
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int randomNum = nums[randomIndex];
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return randomNum;
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}
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/* Extend array length */
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List<int> extend(List<int> nums, int enlarge) {
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// Initialize an array with extended length
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List<int> res = List.filled(nums.length + enlarge, 0);
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// Copy all elements from the original array to the new array
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for (var i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
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res[i] = nums[i];
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}
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// Return the extended new array
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return res;
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}
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/* Insert element _num at array index index */
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void insert(List<int> nums, int _num, int index) {
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// Move all elements at and after index index backward by one position
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for (var i = nums.length - 1; i > index; i--) {
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nums[i] = nums[i - 1];
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}
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// Assign _num to element at index
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nums[index] = _num;
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}
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/* Remove the element at index index */
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void remove(List<int> nums, int index) {
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// Move all elements after index index forward by one position
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for (var i = index; i < nums.length - 1; i++) {
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nums[i] = nums[i + 1];
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}
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}
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/* Traverse array elements */
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void traverse(List<int> nums) {
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int count = 0;
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// Traverse array by index
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for (var i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
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count += nums[i];
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}
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// Direct traversal of array elements
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for (int _num in nums) {
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count += _num;
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}
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// Traverse array using forEach method
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nums.forEach((_num) {
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count += _num;
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});
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}
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/* Find the specified element in the array */
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int find(List<int> nums, int target) {
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for (var i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
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if (nums[i] == target) return i;
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}
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return -1;
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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void main() {
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/* Initialize array */
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var arr = List.filled(5, 0);
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print('Array arr = $arr');
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List<int> nums = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];
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print('Array nums = $nums');
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/* Insert element */
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int randomNum = randomAccess(nums);
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print('Get random element $randomNum from nums');
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/* Traverse array */
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nums = extend(nums, 3);
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print('Extend array length to 8, get nums = $nums');
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/* Insert element */
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insert(nums, 6, 3);
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print("Insert number 6 at index 3, get nums = $nums");
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/* Remove element */
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remove(nums, 2);
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print("Delete element at index 2, get nums = $nums");
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/* Traverse array */
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traverse(nums);
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/* Find element */
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int index = find(nums, 3);
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print("Find element 3 in nums, index = $index");
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}
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/**
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* File: linked_list.dart
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* Created Time: 2023-01-23
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* Author: Jefferson (JeffersonHuang77@gmail.com)
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*/
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import '../utils/list_node.dart';
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import '../utils/print_util.dart';
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/* Insert node P after node n0 in the linked list */
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void insert(ListNode n0, ListNode P) {
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ListNode? n1 = n0.next;
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P.next = n1;
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n0.next = P;
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}
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/* Remove the first node after node n0 in the linked list */
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void remove(ListNode n0) {
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if (n0.next == null) return;
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// n0 -> P -> n1
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ListNode P = n0.next!;
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ListNode? n1 = P.next;
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n0.next = n1;
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}
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/* Access the node at index index in the linked list */
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ListNode? access(ListNode? head, int index) {
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for (var i = 0; i < index; i++) {
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if (head == null) return null;
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head = head.next;
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}
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return head;
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}
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/* Find the first node with value target in the linked list */
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int find(ListNode? head, int target) {
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int index = 0;
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while (head != null) {
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if (head.val == target) {
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return index;
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}
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head = head.next;
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index++;
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}
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return -1;
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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void main() {
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// Initialize linked list
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// Initialize each node
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ListNode n0 = ListNode(1);
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ListNode n1 = ListNode(3);
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ListNode n2 = ListNode(2);
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ListNode n3 = ListNode(5);
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ListNode n4 = ListNode(4);
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// Build references between nodes
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n0.next = n1;
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n1.next = n2;
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n2.next = n3;
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n3.next = n4;
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print('Initialized linked list is');
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printLinkedList(n0);
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/* Insert node */
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insert(n0, ListNode(0));
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print('Linked list after inserting node is');
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printLinkedList(n0);
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/* Remove node */
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remove(n0);
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print('Linked list after removing node is');
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printLinkedList(n0);
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/* Access node */
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ListNode? node = access(n0, 3);
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print('Value of node at index 3 in linked list = ${node!.val}');
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/* Search node */
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int index = find(n0, 2);
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print('Index of node with value 2 in linked list = $index');
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}
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/**
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* File: list.dart
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* Created Time: 2023-01-24
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* Author: Jefferson (JeffersonHuang77@gmail.com)
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*/
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// ignore_for_file: unused_local_variable
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/* Driver Code */
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void main() {
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/* Initialize list */
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List<int> nums = [1, 3, 2, 5, 4];
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print('List nums = $nums');
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/* Update element */
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int _num = nums[1];
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print('Access element at index 1, get _num = $_num');
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/* Add elements at the end */
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nums[1] = 0;
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print('Update element at index 1 to 0, get nums = $nums');
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/* Remove element */
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nums.clear();
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print('After clearing list, nums = $nums');
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/* Direct traversal of list elements */
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nums.add(1);
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nums.add(3);
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nums.add(2);
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nums.add(5);
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nums.add(4);
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print('After adding elements, nums = $nums');
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/* Sort list */
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nums.insert(3, 6);
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print('Insert number 6 at index 3, get nums = $nums');
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/* Remove element */
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nums.removeAt(3);
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print('Delete element at index 3, get nums = $nums');
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/* Traverse list by index */
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int count = 0;
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for (var i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
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count += nums[i];
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}
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/* Directly traverse list elements */
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count = 0;
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for (var x in nums) {
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count += x;
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}
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/* Concatenate two lists */
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List<int> nums1 = [6, 8, 7, 10, 9];
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nums.addAll(nums1);
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print('After concatenating list nums1 to nums, get nums = $nums');
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/* Sort list */
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nums.sort();
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print('After sorting list, nums = $nums');
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}
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/**
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* File: my_list.dart
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* Created Time: 2023-02-05
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* Author: Jefferson (JeffersonHuang77@gmail.com)
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*/
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/* List class */
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class MyList {
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late List<int> _arr; // Array (stores list elements)
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int _capacity = 10; // List capacity
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int _size = 0; // List length (current number of elements)
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int _extendRatio = 2; // Multiple by which the list capacity is extended each time
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/* Constructor */
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MyList() {
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_arr = List.filled(_capacity, 0);
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}
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/* Get list length (current number of elements) */
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int size() => _size;
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/* Get list capacity */
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int capacity() => _capacity;
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/* Update element */
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int get(int index) {
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if (index >= _size) throw RangeError('Index out of bounds');
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return _arr[index];
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}
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/* Add elements at the end */
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void set(int index, int _num) {
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if (index >= _size) throw RangeError('Index out of bounds');
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_arr[index] = _num;
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}
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/* Direct traversal of list elements */
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void add(int _num) {
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// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism
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if (_size == _capacity) extendCapacity();
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_arr[_size] = _num;
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// Update the number of elements
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_size++;
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}
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/* Sort list */
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void insert(int index, int _num) {
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if (index >= _size) throw RangeError('Index out of bounds');
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// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism
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if (_size == _capacity) extendCapacity();
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// Move all elements after index index forward by one position
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for (var j = _size - 1; j >= index; j--) {
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_arr[j + 1] = _arr[j];
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}
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_arr[index] = _num;
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// Update the number of elements
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_size++;
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}
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/* Remove element */
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int remove(int index) {
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if (index >= _size) throw RangeError('Index out of bounds');
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int _num = _arr[index];
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// Move all elements after index forward by one position
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for (var j = index; j < _size - 1; j++) {
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_arr[j] = _arr[j + 1];
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}
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// Update the number of elements
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_size--;
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// Return the removed element
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return _num;
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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void extendCapacity() {
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// Create new array with length _extendRatio times original array
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final _newNums = List.filled(_capacity * _extendRatio, 0);
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// Copy original array to new array
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List.copyRange(_newNums, 0, _arr);
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// Update _arr reference
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_arr = _newNums;
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// Add elements at the end
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_capacity = _arr.length;
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}
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/* Convert list to array */
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List<int> toArray() {
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List<int> arr = [];
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for (var i = 0; i < _size; i++) {
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arr.add(get(i));
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}
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return arr;
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}
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}
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/* Driver Code */
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void main() {
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/* Initialize list */
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MyList nums = MyList();
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/* Direct traversal of list elements */
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nums.add(1);
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nums.add(3);
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nums.add(2);
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nums.add(5);
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nums.add(4);
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print(
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'List nums = ${nums.toArray()}, capacity = ${nums.capacity()}, length = ${nums.size()}');
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/* Sort list */
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nums.insert(3, 6);
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print('Insert number 6 at index 3, get nums = ${nums.toArray()}');
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/* Remove element */
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nums.remove(3);
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print('Delete element at index 3, get nums = ${nums.toArray()}');
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/* Update element */
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int _num = nums.get(1);
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print('Access element at index 1, get _num = $_num');
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/* Add elements at the end */
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nums.set(1, 0);
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print('Update element at index 1 to 0, get nums = ${nums.toArray()}');
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/* Test capacity expansion mechanism */
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for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
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// At i = 5, the list length will exceed the list capacity, triggering the expansion mechanism
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nums.add(i);
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}
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print(
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'After expansion, list nums = ${nums.toArray()}, capacity = ${nums.capacity()}, length = ${nums.size()}');
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}
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