Translate all code to English (#1836)

* Review the EN heading format. * Fix pythontutor headings. * Fix pythontutor headings. * bug fixes * Fix headings in **/summary.md * Revisit the CN-to-EN translation for Python code using Claude-4.5 * Revisit the CN-to-EN translation for Java code using Claude-4.5 * Revisit the CN-to-EN translation for Cpp code using Claude-4.5. * Fix the dictionary. * Fix cpp code translation for the multipart strings. * Translate Go code to English. * Update workflows to test EN code. * Add EN translation for C. * Add EN translation for CSharp. * Add EN translation for Swift. * Trigger the CI check. * Revert. * Update en/hash_map.md * Add the EN version of Dart code. * Add the EN version of Kotlin code. * Add missing code files. * Add the EN version of JavaScript code. * Add the EN version of TypeScript code. * Fix the workflows. * Add the EN version of Ruby code. * Add the EN version of Rust code. * Update the CI check for the English version code. * Update Python CI check. * Fix cmakelists for en/C code. * Fix Ruby comments
2026-07-04 03:34:21 +00:00 · 2025-12-31 07:44:52 +08:00
parent 45e1295241
commit 2778a6f9c7
1284 changed files with 71557 additions and 3275 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/**
+ * File: array_stack.kt
+ * Created Time: 2024-01-25
+ * Author: curtishd (1023632660@qq.com)
+ */
+
+package chapter_stack_and_queue
+
+/* Stack based on array implementation */
+class ArrayStack {
+    // Initialize list (dynamic array)
+    private val stack = mutableListOf<Int>()
+
+    /* Get the length of the stack */
+    fun size(): Int {
+        return stack.size
+    }
+
+    /* Check if the stack is empty */
+    fun isEmpty(): Boolean {
+        return size() == 0
+    }
+
+    /* Push */
+    fun push(num: Int) {
+        stack.add(num)
+    }
+
+    /* Pop */
+    fun pop(): Int {
+        if (isEmpty()) throw IndexOutOfBoundsException()
+        return stack.removeAt(size() - 1)
+    }
+
+    /* Return list for printing */
+    fun peek(): Int {
+        if (isEmpty()) throw IndexOutOfBoundsException()
+        return stack[size() - 1]
+    }
+
+    /* Convert List to Array and return */
+    fun toArray(): Array<Any> {
+        return stack.toTypedArray()
+    }
+}
+
+/* Driver Code */
+fun main() {
+    /* Access top of the stack element */
+    val stack = ArrayStack()
+
+    /* Elements push onto stack */
+    stack.push(1)
+    stack.push(3)
+    stack.push(2)
+    stack.push(5)
+    stack.push(4)
+    println("Stack stack = ${stack.toArray().contentToString()}")
+
+    /* Return list for printing */
+    val peek = stack.peek()
+    println("Top element peek = $peek")
+
+    /* Element pop from stack */
+    val pop = stack.pop()
+    println("Pop element pop = $pop, after pop stack = ${stack.toArray().contentToString()}")
+
+    /* Get the length of the stack */
+    val size = stack.size()
+    println("Stack length size = $size")
+
+    /* Check if empty */
+    val isEmpty = stack.isEmpty()
+    println("Is stack empty = $isEmpty")
+}