Translate all code to English (#1836)

* Review the EN heading format.

* Fix pythontutor headings.

* Fix pythontutor headings.

* bug fixes

* Fix headings in **/summary.md

* Revisit the CN-to-EN translation for Python code using Claude-4.5

* Revisit the CN-to-EN translation for Java code using Claude-4.5

* Revisit the CN-to-EN translation for Cpp code using Claude-4.5.

* Fix the dictionary.

* Fix cpp code translation for the multipart strings.

* Translate Go code to English.

* Update workflows to test EN code.

* Add EN translation for C.

* Add EN translation for CSharp.

* Add EN translation for Swift.

* Trigger the CI check.

* Revert.

* Update en/hash_map.md

* Add the EN version of Dart code.

* Add the EN version of Kotlin code.

* Add missing code files.

* Add the EN version of JavaScript code.

* Add the EN version of TypeScript code.

* Fix the workflows.

* Add the EN version of Ruby code.

* Add the EN version of Rust code.

* Update the CI check for the English version  code.

* Update Python CI check.

* Fix cmakelists for en/C code.

* Fix Ruby comments

en/docs/chapter_introduction/algorithms_are_everywhere.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Algorithms are everywhere
+# Algorithms Are Everywhere
 
 When we hear the term "algorithm," we naturally think of mathematics. However, many algorithms do not involve complex mathematics but rely more on basic logic, which can be seen everywhere in our daily lives.
 

en/docs/chapter_introduction/index.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# Introduction to algorithms
+# Encounter with Algorithms
 
-![Introduction to algorithms](../assets/covers/chapter_introduction.jpg)
+![Encounter with Algorithms](../assets/covers/chapter_introduction.jpg)
 
 !!! abstract
 

en/docs/chapter_introduction/summary.md

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # Summary
 
+### Key Review
+
 - Algorithms are ubiquitous in daily life and are not distant, esoteric knowledge. In fact, we have already learned many algorithms unconsciously and use them to solve problems big and small in life.
 - The principle of looking up a dictionary is consistent with the binary search algorithm. Binary search embodies the important algorithmic idea of divide and conquer.
 - The process of organizing playing cards is very similar to the insertion sort algorithm. Insertion sort is suitable for sorting small datasets.

en/docs/chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# What is an algorithm
+# What Is an Algorithm
 
-## Algorithm definition
+## Algorithm Definition
 
 An <u>algorithm</u> is a set of instructions or operational steps that solves a specific problem within a finite amount of time. It has the following characteristics.
 
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ An <u>algorithm</u> is a set of instructions or operational steps that solves a
 - It is feasible and can be completed within a finite number of steps, time, and memory space.
 - Each step has a definite meaning, and under the same input and operating conditions, the output is always the same.
 
-## Data structure definition
+## Data Structure Definition
 
 A <u>data structure</u> is a way of organizing and storing data, covering the data content, relationships between data, and methods for data operations. It has the following design objectives.
 
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ A <u>data structure</u> is a way of organizing and storing data, covering the da
 - Compared to arrays, linked lists are more convenient for data addition and deletion operations but sacrifice data access speed.
 - Compared to linked lists, graphs provide richer logical information but require larger memory space.
 
-## The relationship between data structures and algorithms
+## The Relationship Between Data Structures and Algorithms
 
 As shown in the figure below, data structures and algorithms are highly related and tightly coupled, specifically manifested in the following three aspects.