Add multilingual exercise code (#1959)

Replace the exercise pages' Python-only snippets with source-backed implementations for the 13 visible programming languages, and localize reader-facing comments by site language. Zig remains out of scope.

Approval bypass: repository protection requires one approval but does not enforce it for administrators. All 68 completed checks succeeded; four non-required Java jobs remained queued on the existing ubuntu-20.04 workflow, with no failed checks.

codes/python/chapter_computational_complexity/complexity_exercises.py

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+"""
+File: complexity_exercises.py
+Created Time: 2026-08-18
+Author: Hello Algo Team
+"""
+
+
+def sum_iter(n: int) -> int:
+    """迭代求和"""
+    res = 0
+    for i in range(1, n + 1):
+        res += i
+    return res
+
+
+def sum_recur(n: int) -> int:
+    """递归求和"""
+    if n == 1:
+        return 1
+    return n + sum_recur(n - 1)
+
+
+def linear_loop(n: int) -> int:
+    """线性阶循环"""
+    res = 0
+    for i in range(n):
+        res += i
+    return res
+
+
+def quadratic_loop(n: int) -> int:
+    """平方阶循环"""
+    res = 0
+    for i in range(n):
+        for j in range(i, n):
+            res += j
+    return res
+
+
+def logarithmic_loop(n: int) -> int:
+    """对数阶循环"""
+    while n > 1:
+        n //= 2
+    return n
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    assert sum_iter(1) == sum_recur(1) == 1
+    assert sum_iter(4) == sum_recur(4) == 10
+    assert linear_loop(4) == 6
+    assert quadratic_loop(4) == 20
+    assert logarithmic_loop(4) == logarithmic_loop(5) == 1