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@@ -1805,24 +1805,24 @@
<h2 id="812">8.1.2. &nbsp; 堆常用操作<a class="headerlink" href="#812" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>值得说明的是，多数编程语言提供的是「优先队列 Priority Queue」，其是一种抽象数据结构，<strong>定义为具有出队优先级的队列</strong>。</p>
<p>而恰好，<strong>堆的定义与优先队列的操作逻辑完全吻合</strong>，大顶堆就是一个元素从大到小出队的优先队列。从使用角度看，我们可以将「优先队列」和「堆」理解为等价的数据结构。因此，本文与代码对两者不做特别区分，统一使用「堆」来命名。</p>
<p>堆的常用操作见下表（方法命名以 Java 为例）。</p>
<p>堆的常用操作见下表，方法名需根据编程语言确定。</p>
<div class="center-table">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>方法</th>
<th>方法名</th>
<th>描述</th>
<th>时间复杂度</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>add()</td>
<td>push()</td>
<td>元素入堆</td>
<td><span class="arithmatex">\(O(\log n)\)</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>poll()</td>
<td>pop()</td>
<td>堆顶元素出堆</td>
<td><span class="arithmatex">\(O(\log n)\)</span></td>
</tr>
@@ -1859,11 +1859,11 @@
<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PriorityQueue</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素入堆 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 获取堆顶元素 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">peek</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">peek</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 5</span>
@@ -2021,11 +2021,11 @@
<a id="__codelineno-3-58" name="__codelineno-3-58" href="#__codelineno-3-58"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-3-59" name="__codelineno-3-59" href="#__codelineno-3-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 堆顶元素出堆 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-60" name="__codelineno-3-60" href="#__codelineno-3-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 调用 heap.Interface 的方法，来移除元素</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-61" name="__codelineno-3-61" href="#__codelineno-3-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-62" name="__codelineno-3-62" href="#__codelineno-3-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-63" name="__codelineno-3-63" href="#__codelineno-3-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-64" name="__codelineno-3-64" href="#__codelineno-3-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-65" name="__codelineno-3-65" href="#__codelineno-3-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-61" name="__codelineno-3-61" href="#__codelineno-3-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 5</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-62" name="__codelineno-3-62" href="#__codelineno-3-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 4</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-63" name="__codelineno-3-63" href="#__codelineno-3-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 3</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-64" name="__codelineno-3-64" href="#__codelineno-3-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 2</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-65" name="__codelineno-3-65" href="#__codelineno-3-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">heap</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-66" name="__codelineno-3-66" href="#__codelineno-3-66"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-3-67" name="__codelineno-3-67" href="#__codelineno-3-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 获取堆大小 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-68" name="__codelineno-3-68" href="#__codelineno-3-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span>
@@ -2038,11 +2038,11 @@
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="c1">// JavaScript 未提供内置 heap 类</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="c1">// JavaScript 未提供内置 Heap 类</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="c1">// TypeScript 未提供内置堆 Heap 类</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="c1">// TypeScript 未提供内置 Heap 类</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -2085,7 +2085,7 @@
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="c1">// Swift 未提供内置 heap 类</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">heap.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="c1">// Swift 未提供内置 Heap 类</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -2617,34 +2617,34 @@
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="6:10"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_6_1" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_2" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_3" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_4" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_5" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_6" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_7" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_8" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_9" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_10" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_6_1">&lt;1&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_6_2">&lt;2&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_6_3">&lt;3&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_6_4">&lt;4&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_6_5">&lt;5&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_6_6">&lt;6&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_6_7">&lt;7&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_6_8">&lt;8&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_6_9">&lt;9&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_6_10">&lt;10&gt;</label></div>
<div class="tabbed-content">
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><img alt="堆顶元素出堆步骤" src="../heap.assets/heap_poll_step1.png" /></p>
<p><img alt="堆顶元素出堆步骤" src="../heap.assets/heap_pop_step1.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><img alt="heap_poll_step2" src="../heap.assets/heap_poll_step2.png" /></p>
<p><img alt="heap_pop_step2" src="../heap.assets/heap_pop_step2.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><img alt="heap_poll_step3" src="../heap.assets/heap_poll_step3.png" /></p>
<p><img alt="heap_pop_step3" src="../heap.assets/heap_pop_step3.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><img alt="heap_poll_step4" src="../heap.assets/heap_poll_step4.png" /></p>
<p><img alt="heap_pop_step4" src="../heap.assets/heap_pop_step4.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><img alt="heap_poll_step5" src="../heap.assets/heap_poll_step5.png" /></p>
<p><img alt="heap_pop_step5" src="../heap.assets/heap_pop_step5.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><img alt="heap_poll_step6" src="../heap.assets/heap_poll_step6.png" /></p>
<p><img alt="heap_pop_step6" src="../heap.assets/heap_pop_step6.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><img alt="heap_poll_step7" src="../heap.assets/heap_poll_step7.png" /></p>
<p><img alt="heap_pop_step7" src="../heap.assets/heap_pop_step7.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><img alt="heap_poll_step8" src="../heap.assets/heap_poll_step8.png" /></p>
<p><img alt="heap_pop_step8" src="../heap.assets/heap_pop_step8.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><img alt="heap_poll_step9" src="../heap.assets/heap_poll_step9.png" /></p>
<p><img alt="heap_pop_step9" src="../heap.assets/heap_pop_step9.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><img alt="heap_poll_step10" src="../heap.assets/heap_poll_step10.png" /></p>
<p><img alt="heap_pop_step10" src="../heap.assets/heap_pop_step10.png" /></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
@@ -2653,7 +2653,7 @@
<div class="tabbed-content">
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">poll</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-4" name="__codelineno-40-4" href="#__codelineno-40-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-5" name="__codelineno-40-5" href="#__codelineno-40-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">EmptyStackException</span><span class="p">();</span>
@@ -2688,7 +2688,7 @@
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">poll</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-4" name="__codelineno-41-4" href="#__codelineno-41-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-5" name="__codelineno-41-5" href="#__codelineno-41-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;堆为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
@@ -2722,7 +2722,7 @@
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">poll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot; 元素出堆 &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a> <span class="c1"># 判空处理</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a> <span class="k">assert</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_empty</span><span class="p">()</span>
@@ -2755,7 +2755,7 @@
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">poll</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">maxHeap</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-4" name="__codelineno-43-4" href="#__codelineno-43-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">h</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-5" name="__codelineno-43-5" href="#__codelineno-43-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;error&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
@@ -2798,7 +2798,7 @@
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a><span class="nx">poll</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-4" name="__codelineno-44-4" href="#__codelineno-44-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;堆为空&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-5" name="__codelineno-44-5" href="#__codelineno-44-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换根结点与最右叶结点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
@@ -2832,7 +2832,7 @@
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a><span class="nx">poll</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a><span class="nx">pop</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-4" name="__codelineno-45-4" href="#__codelineno-45-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">RangeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Heap is empty.&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-5" name="__codelineno-45-5" href="#__codelineno-45-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换根结点与最右叶结点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>
@@ -2865,14 +2865,14 @@
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">poll</span><span class="p">}</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-2" name="__codelineno-46-2" href="#__codelineno-46-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-46-3" name="__codelineno-46-3" href="#__codelineno-46-3"></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">class</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">maxHeap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">]{</span><span class="n">siftDown</span><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-2" name="__codelineno-47-2" href="#__codelineno-47-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">poll</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-2" name="__codelineno-47-2" href="#__codelineno-47-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-3" name="__codelineno-47-3" href="#__codelineno-47-3"></a><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-4" name="__codelineno-47-4" href="#__codelineno-47-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-5" name="__codelineno-47-5" href="#__codelineno-47-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span>
@@ -2911,7 +2911,7 @@
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 元素出堆 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">poll</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span> <span class="nf">pop</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">Int</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-3" name="__codelineno-48-3" href="#__codelineno-48-3"></a> <span class="c1">// 判空处理</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-4" name="__codelineno-48-4" href="#__codelineno-48-4"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-5" name="__codelineno-48-5" href="#__codelineno-48-5"></a> <span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;堆为空&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
@@ -2954,7 +2954,7 @@
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_heap.zig</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="c1">// 元素出堆</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-2" name="__codelineno-49-2" href="#__codelineno-49-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">poll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-2" name="__codelineno-49-2" href="#__codelineno-49-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">T</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-3" name="__codelineno-49-3" href="#__codelineno-49-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 判断处理</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-4" name="__codelineno-49-4" href="#__codelineno-49-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">unreachable</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-5" name="__codelineno-49-5" href="#__codelineno-49-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 交换根结点与最右叶结点（即交换首元素与尾元素）</span>