This commit is contained in:
krahets
2023-02-27 03:45:08 +08:00
parent 9681aea5d4
commit 312c5a6dcc
57 changed files with 7834 additions and 2327 deletions
@@ -261,10 +261,6 @@
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_1" id="__nav_1_label" tabindex="0">
@@ -307,34 +303,6 @@
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_preface/installation/" class="md-nav__link">
0.3. &nbsp; 编程环境安装
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_preface/contribution/" class="md-nav__link">
0.4. &nbsp; 一起参与创作
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
@@ -462,14 +430,14 @@
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3" id="__nav_3_label" tabindex="0">
2. &nbsp; &nbsp; 计算复杂度
2. &nbsp; &nbsp; 复杂度分析
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_3_label" aria-expanded="true">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
2. &nbsp; &nbsp; 计算复杂度
2. &nbsp; &nbsp; 复杂度分析
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
@@ -1557,6 +1525,77 @@
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_13" id="__nav_13_label" tabindex="0">
12. &nbsp; &nbsp; 附录
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_13_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_13">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
12. &nbsp; &nbsp; 附录
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_appendix/installation/" class="md-nav__link">
12.1. &nbsp; 编程环境安装
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_appendix/contribution/" class="md-nav__link">
12.2. &nbsp; 一起参与创作
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--section md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_14" >
@@ -1569,8 +1608,8 @@
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_13_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_13">
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_14_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_14">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
参考文献
</label>
@@ -1673,10 +1712,9 @@
<p>你可以假设每种输入只会对应一个答案。但是,数组中同一个元素在答案里不能重复出现。</p>
<p>你可以按任意顺序返回答案。</p>
</div>
<p>「暴力枚举」和「辅助哈希表」分别 <strong>空间最优</strong><strong>时间最优</strong> 的两种解法。本着时间比空间更宝贵的原则,后者是本题的最佳解法。</p>
<p>「暴力枚举」和「辅助哈希表」分别对应 <strong>空间最优</strong><strong>时间最优</strong> 的两种解法。本着时间比空间更宝贵的原则,后者是本题的最佳解法。</p>
<h3 id="_1">方法一:暴力枚举<a class="headerlink" href="#_1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>时间复杂度 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(N^2)\)</span> ,空间复杂度 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span> 属于「时间换空间」</p>
<p>虽然仅使用常数大小的额外空间,但运行速度过慢。</p>
<p>考虑直接遍历所有所有可能性。通过开启一个两层循环,判断两个整数的和是否为 <code>target</code> 若是则返回它俩的索引(即下标)即可</p>
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:10"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">JavaScript</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">TypeScript</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Zig</label></div>
<div class="tabbed-content">
<div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -1825,9 +1863,13 @@
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>该方法的时间复杂度为 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(N^2)\)</span> ,空间复杂度为 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span> <strong>属于时间换空间</strong>。本方法时间复杂度较高,在大数据量下非常耗时。</p>
<h3 id="_2">方法二:辅助哈希表<a class="headerlink" href="#_2" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>时间复杂度 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(N)\)</span> ,空间复杂度 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(N)\)</span> 属于「空间换时间」。</p>
<p>借助辅助哈希表 dic ,通过保存数组元素与索引的映射来提升算法运行速度。</p>
<p>考虑借助一个哈希表,key 为数组元素、value 为元素索引。循环遍历数组中的每个元素 <code>num</code> 并执行:</p>
<ol>
<li>判断数字 <code>target - num</code> 是否在哈希表中,若是则直接返回该两个元素的索引;</li>
<li>将元素 <code>num</code> 和其索引添加进哈希表;</li>
</ol>
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:10"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">JavaScript</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">TypeScript</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Zig</label></div>
<div class="tabbed-content">
<div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -1989,6 +2031,7 @@
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>该方法的时间复杂度为 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(N)\)</span> ,空间复杂度为 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(N)\)</span> <strong>体现空间换时间</strong>。本方法虽然引入了额外空间使用,但时间和空间使用整体更加均衡,因此为本题最优解法。</p>