This commit is contained in:
krahets
2023-03-23 18:57:04 +08:00
parent 129c80e04b
commit 3222b84a5b
28 changed files with 253 additions and 265 deletions
@@ -2364,7 +2364,7 @@ O(1) < O(\log n) < O(n) < O(n^2) < O(2^n) \newline
<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot; 常数阶 &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a> <span class="c1"># 常量、变量、对象占用 O(1) 空间</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">List</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">10000</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">10000</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a> <span class="c1"># 循环中的变量占用 O(1) 空间</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
@@ -2550,9 +2550,9 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) \newline
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot; 线性阶 &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a> <span class="c1"># 长度为 n 的列表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">List</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-5" name="__codelineno-42-5" href="#__codelineno-42-5"></a> <span class="c1"># 长度为 n 的哈希表占用 O(n) 空间</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a> <span class="n">mapp</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Dict</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a> <span class="n">mapp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">]()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-7" name="__codelineno-42-7" href="#__codelineno-42-7"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-8" name="__codelineno-42-8" href="#__codelineno-42-8"></a> <span class="n">mapp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
@@ -2812,7 +2812,7 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) \newline
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-2" name="__codelineno-62-2" href="#__codelineno-62-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot; 平方阶 &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-3" name="__codelineno-62-3" href="#__codelineno-62-3"></a> <span class="c1"># 二维列表占用 O(n^2) 空间</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-4" name="__codelineno-62-4" href="#__codelineno-62-4"></a> <span class="n">num_matrix</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">List</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-4" name="__codelineno-62-4" href="#__codelineno-62-4"></a> <span class="n">num_matrix</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)]</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
@@ -2944,7 +2944,7 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) \newline
<a id="__codelineno-72-2" name="__codelineno-72-2" href="#__codelineno-72-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot; 平方阶(递归实现) &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-72-3" name="__codelineno-72-3" href="#__codelineno-72-3"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-72-4" name="__codelineno-72-4" href="#__codelineno-72-4"></a> <span class="c1"># 数组 nums 长度为 n, n-1, ..., 2, 1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-72-5" name="__codelineno-72-5" href="#__codelineno-72-5"></a> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">List</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span>
<a id="__codelineno-72-5" name="__codelineno-72-5" href="#__codelineno-72-5"></a> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span>
<a id="__codelineno-72-6" name="__codelineno-72-6" href="#__codelineno-72-6"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">quadratic_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
@@ -3051,7 +3051,7 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) \newline
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">Optional</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">]:</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-82-2" name="__codelineno-82-2" href="#__codelineno-82-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot; 指数阶(建立满二叉树) &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-82-3" name="__codelineno-82-3" href="#__codelineno-82-3"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
<a id="__codelineno-82-4" name="__codelineno-82-4" href="#__codelineno-82-4"></a> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
@@ -1781,7 +1781,7 @@
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">leetcode_two_sum.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">two_sum_brute_force</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">List</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">List</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">leetcode_two_sum.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">two_sum_brute_force</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot; 方法一:暴力枚举 &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a> <span class="c1"># 两层循环,时间复杂度 O(n^2)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
@@ -1940,7 +1940,7 @@
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">leetcode_two_sum.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">two_sum_hash_table</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">List</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">List</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">leetcode_two_sum.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">two_sum_hash_table</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot; 方法二:辅助哈希表 &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a> <span class="c1"># 辅助哈希表,空间复杂度 O(n)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a> <span class="n">dic</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
@@ -2866,7 +2866,7 @@ O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n \log n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) &lt; O(n!
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">array_traversal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">List</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">array_traversal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-2" name="__codelineno-62-2" href="#__codelineno-62-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot; 线性阶(遍历数组)&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-3" name="__codelineno-62-3" href="#__codelineno-62-3"></a> <span class="n">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-4" name="__codelineno-62-4" href="#__codelineno-62-4"></a> <span class="c1"># 循环次数与数组长度成正比</span>
@@ -3145,7 +3145,7 @@ O((n - 1) \frac{n}{2}) = O(n^2)
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">bubble_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">List</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">bubble_sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-82-2" name="__codelineno-82-2" href="#__codelineno-82-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot; 平方阶(冒泡排序)&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-82-3" name="__codelineno-82-3" href="#__codelineno-82-3"></a> <span class="n">count</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1"># 计数器</span>
<a id="__codelineno-82-4" name="__codelineno-82-4" href="#__codelineno-82-4"></a> <span class="c1"># 外循环:待排序元素数量为 n-1, n-2, ..., 1</span>
@@ -4102,15 +4102,15 @@ n! = n \times (n - 1) \times (n - 2) \times \cdots \times 2 \times 1
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-152-1" name="__codelineno-152-1" href="#__codelineno-152-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">random_numbers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">List</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">worst_best_time_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-152-1" name="__codelineno-152-1" href="#__codelineno-152-1"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">random_numbers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-152-2" name="__codelineno-152-2" href="#__codelineno-152-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot; 生成一个数组,元素为: 1, 2, ..., n ,顺序被打乱 &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-152-3" name="__codelineno-152-3" href="#__codelineno-152-3"></a> <span class="c1"># 生成数组 nums =: 1, 2, 3, ..., n</span>
<a id="__codelineno-152-4" name="__codelineno-152-4" href="#__codelineno-152-4"></a> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">List</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-152-4" name="__codelineno-152-4" href="#__codelineno-152-4"></a> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-152-5" name="__codelineno-152-5" href="#__codelineno-152-5"></a> <span class="c1"># 随机打乱数组元素</span>
<a id="__codelineno-152-6" name="__codelineno-152-6" href="#__codelineno-152-6"></a> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shuffle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-152-7" name="__codelineno-152-7" href="#__codelineno-152-7"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">nums</span>
<a id="__codelineno-152-8" name="__codelineno-152-8" href="#__codelineno-152-8"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-152-9" name="__codelineno-152-9" href="#__codelineno-152-9"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">find_one</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">List</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-152-9" name="__codelineno-152-9" href="#__codelineno-152-9"></a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">find_one</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-152-10" name="__codelineno-152-10" href="#__codelineno-152-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot; 查找数组 nums 中数字 1 所在索引 &quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-152-11" name="__codelineno-152-11" href="#__codelineno-152-11"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-152-12" name="__codelineno-152-12" href="#__codelineno-152-12"></a> <span class="c1"># 当元素 1 在数组头部时,达到最佳时间复杂度 O(1)</span>