mirror of
https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git
synced 2026-07-21 02:56:11 +00:00
feat: Traditional Chinese version (#1163)
* First commit * Update mkdocs.yml * Translate all the docs to traditional Chinese * Translate the code files. * Translate the docker file * Fix mkdocs.yml * Translate all the figures from SC to TC * 二叉搜尋樹 -> 二元搜尋樹 * Update terminology. * Update terminology * 构造函数/构造方法 -> 建構子 异或 -> 互斥或 * 擴充套件 -> 擴展 * constant - 常量 - 常數 * 類 -> 類別 * AVL -> AVL 樹 * 數組 -> 陣列 * 係統 -> 系統 斐波那契數列 -> 費波那契數列 運算元量 -> 運算量 引數 -> 參數 * 聯絡 -> 關聯 * 麵試 -> 面試 * 面向物件 -> 物件導向 歸併排序 -> 合併排序 范式 -> 範式 * Fix 算法 -> 演算法 * 錶示 -> 表示 反碼 -> 一補數 補碼 -> 二補數 列列尾部 -> 佇列尾部 區域性性 -> 區域性 一摞 -> 一疊 * Synchronize with main branch * 賬號 -> 帳號 推匯 -> 推導 * Sync with main branch * First commit * Update mkdocs.yml * Translate all the docs to traditional Chinese * Translate the code files. * Translate the docker file * Fix mkdocs.yml * Translate all the figures from SC to TC * 二叉搜尋樹 -> 二元搜尋樹 * Update terminology * 构造函数/构造方法 -> 建構子 异或 -> 互斥或 * 擴充套件 -> 擴展 * constant - 常量 - 常數 * 類 -> 類別 * AVL -> AVL 樹 * 數組 -> 陣列 * 係統 -> 系統 斐波那契數列 -> 費波那契數列 運算元量 -> 運算量 引數 -> 參數 * 聯絡 -> 關聯 * 麵試 -> 面試 * 面向物件 -> 物件導向 歸併排序 -> 合併排序 范式 -> 範式 * Fix 算法 -> 演算法 * 錶示 -> 表示 反碼 -> 一補數 補碼 -> 二補數 列列尾部 -> 佇列尾部 區域性性 -> 區域性 一摞 -> 一疊 * Synchronize with main branch * 賬號 -> 帳號 推匯 -> 推導 * Sync with main branch * Update terminology.md * 操作数量(num. of operations)-> 操作數量 * 字首和->前綴和 * Update figures * 歸 -> 迴 記憶體洩漏 -> 記憶體流失 * Fix the bug of the file filter * 支援 -> 支持 Add zh-Hant/README.md * Add the zh-Hant chapter covers. Bug fixes. * 外掛 -> 擴充功能 * Add the landing page for zh-Hant version * Unify the font of the chapter covers for the zh, en, and zh-Hant version * Move zh-Hant/ to zh-hant/ * Translate terminology.md to traditional Chinese
This commit is contained in:
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
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add_executable(hash_map hash_map.cpp)
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add_executable(array_hash_map_test array_hash_map_test.cpp)
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add_executable(hash_map_chaining hash_map_chaining.cpp)
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add_executable(hash_map_open_addressing hash_map_open_addressing.cpp)
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add_executable(simple_hash simple_hash.cpp)
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add_executable(built_in_hash built_in_hash.cpp)
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@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
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/**
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* File: array_hash_map.cpp
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* Created Time: 2022-12-14
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* Author: msk397 (machangxinq@gmail.com)
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*/
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#include "../utils/common.hpp"
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/* 鍵值對 */
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struct Pair {
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public:
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int key;
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string val;
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Pair(int key, string val) {
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this->key = key;
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this->val = val;
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}
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};
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/* 基於陣列實現的雜湊表 */
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class ArrayHashMap {
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private:
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vector<Pair *> buckets;
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public:
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ArrayHashMap() {
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// 初始化陣列,包含 100 個桶
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buckets = vector<Pair *>(100);
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}
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~ArrayHashMap() {
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// 釋放記憶體
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for (const auto &bucket : buckets) {
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delete bucket;
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}
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buckets.clear();
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}
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/* 雜湊函式 */
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int hashFunc(int key) {
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int index = key % 100;
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return index;
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}
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/* 查詢操作 */
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string get(int key) {
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int index = hashFunc(key);
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Pair *pair = buckets[index];
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if (pair == nullptr)
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return "";
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return pair->val;
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}
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/* 新增操作 */
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void put(int key, string val) {
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Pair *pair = new Pair(key, val);
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int index = hashFunc(key);
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buckets[index] = pair;
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}
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/* 刪除操作 */
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void remove(int key) {
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int index = hashFunc(key);
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// 釋放記憶體並置為 nullptr
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delete buckets[index];
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buckets[index] = nullptr;
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}
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/* 獲取所有鍵值對 */
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vector<Pair *> pairSet() {
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vector<Pair *> pairSet;
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for (Pair *pair : buckets) {
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if (pair != nullptr) {
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pairSet.push_back(pair);
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}
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}
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return pairSet;
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}
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/* 獲取所有鍵 */
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vector<int> keySet() {
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vector<int> keySet;
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for (Pair *pair : buckets) {
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if (pair != nullptr) {
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keySet.push_back(pair->key);
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}
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}
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return keySet;
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}
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/* 獲取所有值 */
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vector<string> valueSet() {
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vector<string> valueSet;
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for (Pair *pair : buckets) {
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if (pair != nullptr) {
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valueSet.push_back(pair->val);
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}
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}
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return valueSet;
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}
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/* 列印雜湊表 */
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void print() {
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for (Pair *kv : pairSet()) {
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cout << kv->key << " -> " << kv->val << endl;
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}
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}
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};
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// 測試樣例請見 array_hash_map_test.cpp
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@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
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/**
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* File: array_hash_map_test.cpp
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* Created Time: 2022-12-14
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* Author: msk397 (machangxinq@gmail.com)
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*/
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#include "./array_hash_map.cpp"
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/* Driver Code */
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int main() {
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/* 初始化雜湊表 */
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ArrayHashMap map = ArrayHashMap();
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/* 新增操作 */
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// 在雜湊表中新增鍵值對 (key, value)
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map.put(12836, "小哈");
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map.put(15937, "小囉");
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map.put(16750, "小算");
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map.put(13276, "小法");
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map.put(10583, "小鴨");
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cout << "\n新增完成後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value" << endl;
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map.print();
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/* 查詢操作 */
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// 向雜湊表中輸入鍵 key ,得到值 value
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string name = map.get(15937);
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cout << "\n輸入學號 15937 ,查詢到姓名 " << name << endl;
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/* 刪除操作 */
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// 在雜湊表中刪除鍵值對 (key, value)
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map.remove(10583);
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cout << "\n刪除 10583 後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value" << endl;
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map.print();
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/* 走訪雜湊表 */
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cout << "\n走訪鍵值對 Key->Value" << endl;
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for (auto kv : map.pairSet()) {
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cout << kv->key << " -> " << kv->val << endl;
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}
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cout << "\n單獨走訪鍵 Key" << endl;
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for (auto key : map.keySet()) {
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cout << key << endl;
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}
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cout << "\n單獨走訪值 Value" << endl;
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for (auto val : map.valueSet()) {
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cout << val << endl;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
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/**
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* File: built_in_hash.cpp
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* Created Time: 2023-06-21
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* Author: krahets (krahets@163.com)
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*/
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#include "../utils/common.hpp"
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/* Driver Code */
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int main() {
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int num = 3;
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size_t hashNum = hash<int>()(num);
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cout << "整數 " << num << " 的雜湊值為 " << hashNum << "\n";
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bool bol = true;
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size_t hashBol = hash<bool>()(bol);
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cout << "布林量 " << bol << " 的雜湊值為 " << hashBol << "\n";
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double dec = 3.14159;
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size_t hashDec = hash<double>()(dec);
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cout << "小數 " << dec << " 的雜湊值為 " << hashDec << "\n";
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string str = "Hello 演算法";
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size_t hashStr = hash<string>()(str);
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cout << "字串 " << str << " 的雜湊值為 " << hashStr << "\n";
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// 在 C++ 中,內建 std:hash() 僅提供基本資料型別的雜湊值計算
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// 陣列、物件的雜湊值計算需要自行實現
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
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/**
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* File: hash_map.cpp
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* Created Time: 2022-12-14
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* Author: msk397 (machangxinq@gmail.com)
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*/
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#include "../utils/common.hpp"
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/* Driver Code */
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int main() {
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/* 初始化雜湊表 */
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unordered_map<int, string> map;
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/* 新增操作 */
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// 在雜湊表中新增鍵值對 (key, value)
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map[12836] = "小哈";
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map[15937] = "小囉";
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map[16750] = "小算";
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map[13276] = "小法";
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map[10583] = "小鴨";
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cout << "\n新增完成後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value" << endl;
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printHashMap(map);
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/* 查詢操作 */
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// 向雜湊表中輸入鍵 key ,得到值 value
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string name = map[15937];
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cout << "\n輸入學號 15937 ,查詢到姓名 " << name << endl;
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/* 刪除操作 */
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// 在雜湊表中刪除鍵值對 (key, value)
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map.erase(10583);
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cout << "\n刪除 10583 後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value" << endl;
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printHashMap(map);
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/* 走訪雜湊表 */
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cout << "\n走訪鍵值對 Key->Value" << endl;
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for (auto kv : map) {
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cout << kv.first << " -> " << kv.second << endl;
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}
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cout << "\n使用迭代器走訪 Key->Value" << endl;
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for (auto iter = map.begin(); iter != map.end(); iter++) {
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cout << iter->first << "->" << iter->second << endl;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
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/**
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* File: hash_map_chaining.cpp
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* Created Time: 2023-06-13
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* Author: krahets (krahets@163.com)
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*/
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#include "./array_hash_map.cpp"
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/* 鏈式位址雜湊表 */
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class HashMapChaining {
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private:
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int size; // 鍵值對數量
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int capacity; // 雜湊表容量
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double loadThres; // 觸發擴容的負載因子閾值
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int extendRatio; // 擴容倍數
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vector<vector<Pair *>> buckets; // 桶陣列
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public:
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/* 建構子 */
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HashMapChaining() : size(0), capacity(4), loadThres(2.0 / 3.0), extendRatio(2) {
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buckets.resize(capacity);
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}
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/* 析構方法 */
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~HashMapChaining() {
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for (auto &bucket : buckets) {
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for (Pair *pair : bucket) {
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// 釋放記憶體
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delete pair;
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}
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}
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}
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/* 雜湊函式 */
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int hashFunc(int key) {
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return key % capacity;
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}
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/* 負載因子 */
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double loadFactor() {
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return (double)size / (double)capacity;
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}
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/* 查詢操作 */
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string get(int key) {
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int index = hashFunc(key);
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// 走訪桶,若找到 key ,則返回對應 val
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for (Pair *pair : buckets[index]) {
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if (pair->key == key) {
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return pair->val;
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}
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}
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// 若未找到 key ,則返回空字串
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return "";
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}
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/* 新增操作 */
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void put(int key, string val) {
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// 當負載因子超過閾值時,執行擴容
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if (loadFactor() > loadThres) {
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extend();
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}
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int index = hashFunc(key);
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// 走訪桶,若遇到指定 key ,則更新對應 val 並返回
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for (Pair *pair : buckets[index]) {
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if (pair->key == key) {
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pair->val = val;
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return;
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}
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}
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// 若無該 key ,則將鍵值對新增至尾部
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buckets[index].push_back(new Pair(key, val));
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size++;
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}
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/* 刪除操作 */
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void remove(int key) {
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int index = hashFunc(key);
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auto &bucket = buckets[index];
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// 走訪桶,從中刪除鍵值對
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for (int i = 0; i < bucket.size(); i++) {
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if (bucket[i]->key == key) {
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Pair *tmp = bucket[i];
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bucket.erase(bucket.begin() + i); // 從中刪除鍵值對
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delete tmp; // 釋放記憶體
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size--;
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return;
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}
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}
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}
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/* 擴容雜湊表 */
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void extend() {
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// 暫存原雜湊表
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vector<vector<Pair *>> bucketsTmp = buckets;
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// 初始化擴容後的新雜湊表
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capacity *= extendRatio;
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buckets.clear();
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buckets.resize(capacity);
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size = 0;
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// 將鍵值對從原雜湊表搬運至新雜湊表
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for (auto &bucket : bucketsTmp) {
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for (Pair *pair : bucket) {
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put(pair->key, pair->val);
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// 釋放記憶體
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delete pair;
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}
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}
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}
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/* 列印雜湊表 */
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void print() {
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for (auto &bucket : buckets) {
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cout << "[";
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for (Pair *pair : bucket) {
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cout << pair->key << " -> " << pair->val << ", ";
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}
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cout << "]\n";
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}
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}
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};
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/* Driver Code */
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int main() {
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/* 初始化雜湊表 */
|
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HashMapChaining map = HashMapChaining();
|
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|
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/* 新增操作 */
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// 在雜湊表中新增鍵值對 (key, value)
|
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map.put(12836, "小哈");
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map.put(15937, "小囉");
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map.put(16750, "小算");
|
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map.put(13276, "小法");
|
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map.put(10583, "小鴨");
|
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cout << "\n新增完成後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value" << endl;
|
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map.print();
|
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|
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/* 查詢操作 */
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// 向雜湊表中輸入鍵 key ,得到值 value
|
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string name = map.get(13276);
|
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cout << "\n輸入學號 13276 ,查詢到姓名 " << name << endl;
|
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|
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/* 刪除操作 */
|
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// 在雜湊表中刪除鍵值對 (key, value)
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map.remove(12836);
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cout << "\n刪除 12836 後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value" << endl;
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map.print();
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return 0;
|
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}
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@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
|
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/**
|
||||
* File: hash_map_open_addressing.cpp
|
||||
* Created Time: 2023-06-13
|
||||
* Author: krahets (krahets@163.com)
|
||||
*/
|
||||
|
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#include "./array_hash_map.cpp"
|
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|
||||
/* 開放定址雜湊表 */
|
||||
class HashMapOpenAddressing {
|
||||
private:
|
||||
int size; // 鍵值對數量
|
||||
int capacity = 4; // 雜湊表容量
|
||||
const double loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0; // 觸發擴容的負載因子閾值
|
||||
const int extendRatio = 2; // 擴容倍數
|
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vector<Pair *> buckets; // 桶陣列
|
||||
Pair *TOMBSTONE = new Pair(-1, "-1"); // 刪除標記
|
||||
|
||||
public:
|
||||
/* 建構子 */
|
||||
HashMapOpenAddressing() : size(0), buckets(capacity, nullptr) {
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 析構方法 */
|
||||
~HashMapOpenAddressing() {
|
||||
for (Pair *pair : buckets) {
|
||||
if (pair != nullptr && pair != TOMBSTONE) {
|
||||
delete pair;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
delete TOMBSTONE;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 雜湊函式 */
|
||||
int hashFunc(int key) {
|
||||
return key % capacity;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 負載因子 */
|
||||
double loadFactor() {
|
||||
return (double)size / capacity;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 搜尋 key 對應的桶索引 */
|
||||
int findBucket(int key) {
|
||||
int index = hashFunc(key);
|
||||
int firstTombstone = -1;
|
||||
// 線性探查,當遇到空桶時跳出
|
||||
while (buckets[index] != nullptr) {
|
||||
// 若遇到 key ,返回對應的桶索引
|
||||
if (buckets[index]->key == key) {
|
||||
// 若之前遇到了刪除標記,則將鍵值對移動至該索引處
|
||||
if (firstTombstone != -1) {
|
||||
buckets[firstTombstone] = buckets[index];
|
||||
buckets[index] = TOMBSTONE;
|
||||
return firstTombstone; // 返回移動後的桶索引
|
||||
}
|
||||
return index; // 返回桶索引
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 記錄遇到的首個刪除標記
|
||||
if (firstTombstone == -1 && buckets[index] == TOMBSTONE) {
|
||||
firstTombstone = index;
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 計算桶索引,越過尾部則返回頭部
|
||||
index = (index + 1) % capacity;
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 若 key 不存在,則返回新增點的索引
|
||||
return firstTombstone == -1 ? index : firstTombstone;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 查詢操作 */
|
||||
string get(int key) {
|
||||
// 搜尋 key 對應的桶索引
|
||||
int index = findBucket(key);
|
||||
// 若找到鍵值對,則返回對應 val
|
||||
if (buckets[index] != nullptr && buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {
|
||||
return buckets[index]->val;
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 若鍵值對不存在,則返回空字串
|
||||
return "";
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 新增操作 */
|
||||
void put(int key, string val) {
|
||||
// 當負載因子超過閾值時,執行擴容
|
||||
if (loadFactor() > loadThres) {
|
||||
extend();
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 搜尋 key 對應的桶索引
|
||||
int index = findBucket(key);
|
||||
// 若找到鍵值對,則覆蓋 val 並返回
|
||||
if (buckets[index] != nullptr && buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {
|
||||
buckets[index]->val = val;
|
||||
return;
|
||||
}
|
||||
// 若鍵值對不存在,則新增該鍵值對
|
||||
buckets[index] = new Pair(key, val);
|
||||
size++;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 刪除操作 */
|
||||
void remove(int key) {
|
||||
// 搜尋 key 對應的桶索引
|
||||
int index = findBucket(key);
|
||||
// 若找到鍵值對,則用刪除標記覆蓋它
|
||||
if (buckets[index] != nullptr && buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE) {
|
||||
delete buckets[index];
|
||||
buckets[index] = TOMBSTONE;
|
||||
size--;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 擴容雜湊表 */
|
||||
void extend() {
|
||||
// 暫存原雜湊表
|
||||
vector<Pair *> bucketsTmp = buckets;
|
||||
// 初始化擴容後的新雜湊表
|
||||
capacity *= extendRatio;
|
||||
buckets = vector<Pair *>(capacity, nullptr);
|
||||
size = 0;
|
||||
// 將鍵值對從原雜湊表搬運至新雜湊表
|
||||
for (Pair *pair : bucketsTmp) {
|
||||
if (pair != nullptr && pair != TOMBSTONE) {
|
||||
put(pair->key, pair->val);
|
||||
delete pair;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 列印雜湊表 */
|
||||
void print() {
|
||||
for (Pair *pair : buckets) {
|
||||
if (pair == nullptr) {
|
||||
cout << "nullptr" << endl;
|
||||
} else if (pair == TOMBSTONE) {
|
||||
cout << "TOMBSTONE" << endl;
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
cout << pair->key << " -> " << pair->val << endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
/* Driver Code */
|
||||
int main() {
|
||||
// 初始化雜湊表
|
||||
HashMapOpenAddressing hashmap;
|
||||
|
||||
// 新增操作
|
||||
// 在雜湊表中新增鍵值對 (key, val)
|
||||
hashmap.put(12836, "小哈");
|
||||
hashmap.put(15937, "小囉");
|
||||
hashmap.put(16750, "小算");
|
||||
hashmap.put(13276, "小法");
|
||||
hashmap.put(10583, "小鴨");
|
||||
cout << "\n新增完成後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value" << endl;
|
||||
hashmap.print();
|
||||
|
||||
// 查詢操作
|
||||
// 向雜湊表中輸入鍵 key ,得到值 val
|
||||
string name = hashmap.get(13276);
|
||||
cout << "\n輸入學號 13276 ,查詢到姓名 " << name << endl;
|
||||
|
||||
// 刪除操作
|
||||
// 在雜湊表中刪除鍵值對 (key, val)
|
||||
hashmap.remove(16750);
|
||||
cout << "\n刪除 16750 後,雜湊表為\nKey -> Value" << endl;
|
||||
hashmap.print();
|
||||
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* File: simple_hash.cpp
|
||||
* Created Time: 2023-06-21
|
||||
* Author: krahets (krahets@163.com)
|
||||
*/
|
||||
|
||||
#include "../utils/common.hpp"
|
||||
|
||||
/* 加法雜湊 */
|
||||
int addHash(string key) {
|
||||
long long hash = 0;
|
||||
const int MODULUS = 1000000007;
|
||||
for (unsigned char c : key) {
|
||||
hash = (hash + (int)c) % MODULUS;
|
||||
}
|
||||
return (int)hash;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 乘法雜湊 */
|
||||
int mulHash(string key) {
|
||||
long long hash = 0;
|
||||
const int MODULUS = 1000000007;
|
||||
for (unsigned char c : key) {
|
||||
hash = (31 * hash + (int)c) % MODULUS;
|
||||
}
|
||||
return (int)hash;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 互斥或雜湊 */
|
||||
int xorHash(string key) {
|
||||
int hash = 0;
|
||||
const int MODULUS = 1000000007;
|
||||
for (unsigned char c : key) {
|
||||
hash ^= (int)c;
|
||||
}
|
||||
return hash & MODULUS;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* 旋轉雜湊 */
|
||||
int rotHash(string key) {
|
||||
long long hash = 0;
|
||||
const int MODULUS = 1000000007;
|
||||
for (unsigned char c : key) {
|
||||
hash = ((hash << 4) ^ (hash >> 28) ^ (int)c) % MODULUS;
|
||||
}
|
||||
return (int)hash;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* Driver Code */
|
||||
int main() {
|
||||
string key = "Hello dsad3241241dsa算123法";
|
||||
|
||||
int hash = addHash(key);
|
||||
cout << "加法雜湊值為 " << hash << endl;
|
||||
|
||||
hash = mulHash(key);
|
||||
cout << "乘法雜湊值為 " << hash << endl;
|
||||
|
||||
hash = xorHash(key);
|
||||
cout << "互斥或雜湊值為 " << hash << endl;
|
||||
|
||||
hash = rotHash(key);
|
||||
cout << "旋轉雜湊值為 " << hash << endl;
|
||||
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user