xinyin025/hello-algo
1
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo.git synced 2026-07-09 22:16:06 +00:00
Code Issues Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity

build

Browse Source
This commit is contained in:
krahets
2024-05-06 05:27:10 +08:00
parent 2395804410
commit 7e7eb6047a
56 changed files with 3908 additions and 42257 deletions
Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files
en/docs/chapter_greedy/greedy_algorithm.md
+22 -206
View File
@@ -29,64 +29,47 @@ The implementation code is as follows:
```python title="coin_change_greedy.py"
def coin_change_greedy(coins: list[int], amt: int) -> int:
"""零钱兑换：贪心"""
# 假设 coins 列表有序
"""Coin change: Greedy"""
# Assume coins list is ordered
i = len(coins) - 1
count = 0
# 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额
# Loop for greedy selection until no remaining amount
while amt > 0:
# 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币
# Find the smallest coin close to and less than the remaining amount
while i > 0 and coins[i] > amt:
i -= 1
# 选择 coins[i]
# Choose coins[i]
amt -= coins[i]
count += 1
# 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1
# If no feasible solution is found, return -1
return count if amt == 0 else -1
```
=== "C++"
```cpp title="coin_change_greedy.cpp"
/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */
int coinChangeGreedy(vector<int> &coins, int amt) {
// 假设 coins 列表有序
int i = coins.size() - 1;
int count = 0;
// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额
while (amt > 0) {
// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币
while (i > 0 && coins[i] > amt) {
i--;
}
// 选择 coins[i]
amt -= coins[i];
count++;
}
// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1
return amt == 0 ? count : -1;
}
[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}
```
=== "Java"
```java title="coin_change_greedy.java"
/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */
/* Coin change: Greedy */
int coinChangeGreedy(int[] coins, int amt) {
// 假设 coins 列表有序
// Assume coins list is ordered
int i = coins.length - 1;
int count = 0;
// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额
// Loop for greedy selection until no remaining amount
while (amt > 0) {
// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币
// Find the smallest coin close to and less than the remaining amount
while (i > 0 && coins[i] > amt) {
i--;
}
// 选择 coins[i]
// Choose coins[i]
amt -= coins[i];
count++;
}
// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1
// If no feasible solution is found, return -1
return amt == 0 ? count : -1;
}
```
@@ -94,217 +77,55 @@ The implementation code is as follows:
=== "C#"
```csharp title="coin_change_greedy.cs"
/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */
int CoinChangeGreedy(int[] coins, int amt) {
// 假设 coins 列表有序
int i = coins.Length - 1;
int count = 0;
// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额
while (amt > 0) {
// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币
while (i > 0 && coins[i] > amt) {
i--;
}
// 选择 coins[i]
amt -= coins[i];
count++;
}
// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1
return amt == 0 ? count : -1;
}
[class]{coin_change_greedy}-[func]{CoinChangeGreedy}
```
=== "Go"
```go title="coin_change_greedy.go"
/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */
func coinChangeGreedy(coins []int, amt int) int {
// 假设 coins 列表有序
i := len(coins) - 1
count := 0
// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额
for amt > 0 {
// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币
for i > 0 && coins[i] > amt {
i--
}
// 选择 coins[i]
amt -= coins[i]
count++
}
// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1
if amt != 0 {
return -1
}
return count
}
[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}
```
=== "Swift"
```swift title="coin_change_greedy.swift"
/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */
func coinChangeGreedy(coins: [Int], amt: Int) -> Int {
// 假设 coins 列表有序
var i = coins.count - 1
var count = 0
var amt = amt
// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额
while amt > 0 {
// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币
while i > 0 && coins[i] > amt {
i -= 1
}
// 选择 coins[i]
amt -= coins[i]
count += 1
}
// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1
return amt == 0 ? count : -1
}
[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}
```
=== "JS"
```javascript title="coin_change_greedy.js"
/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */
function coinChangeGreedy(coins, amt) {
// 假设 coins 数组有序
let i = coins.length - 1;
let count = 0;
// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额
while (amt > 0) {
// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币
while (i > 0 && coins[i] > amt) {
i--;
}
// 选择 coins[i]
amt -= coins[i];
count++;
}
// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1
return amt === 0 ? count : -1;
}
[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}
```
=== "TS"
```typescript title="coin_change_greedy.ts"
/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */
function coinChangeGreedy(coins: number[], amt: number): number {
// 假设 coins 数组有序
let i = coins.length - 1;
let count = 0;
// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额
while (amt > 0) {
// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币
while (i > 0 && coins[i] > amt) {
i--;
}
// 选择 coins[i]
amt -= coins[i];
count++;
}
// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1
return amt === 0 ? count : -1;
}
[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}
```
=== "Dart"
```dart title="coin_change_greedy.dart"
/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */
int coinChangeGreedy(List<int> coins, int amt) {
// 假设 coins 列表有序
int i = coins.length - 1;
int count = 0;
// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额
while (amt > 0) {
// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币
while (i > 0 && coins[i] > amt) {
i--;
}
// 选择 coins[i]
amt -= coins[i];
count++;
}
// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1
return amt == 0 ? count : -1;
}
[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}
```
=== "Rust"
```rust title="coin_change_greedy.rs"
/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */
fn coin_change_greedy(coins: &[i32], mut amt: i32) -> i32 {
// 假设 coins 列表有序
let mut i = coins.len() - 1;
let mut count = 0;
// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额
while amt > 0 {
// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币
while i > 0 && coins[i] > amt {
i -= 1;
}
// 选择 coins[i]
amt -= coins[i];
count += 1;
}
// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1
if amt == 0 {
count
} else {
-1
}
}
[class]{}-[func]{coin_change_greedy}
```
=== "C"
```c title="coin_change_greedy.c"
/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */
int coinChangeGreedy(int *coins, int size, int amt) {
// 假设 coins 列表有序
int i = size - 1;
int count = 0;
// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额
while (amt > 0) {
// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币
while (i > 0 && coins[i] > amt) {
i--;
}
// 选择 coins[i]
amt -= coins[i];
count++;
}
// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1
return amt == 0 ? count : -1;
}
[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}
```
=== "Kotlin"
```kotlin title="coin_change_greedy.kt"
/* 零钱兑换：贪心 */
fun coinChangeGreedy(coins: IntArray, amt: Int): Int {
// 假设 coins 列表有序
var am = amt
var i = coins.size - 1
var count = 0
// 循环进行贪心选择，直到无剩余金额
while (am > 0) {
// 找到小于且最接近剩余金额的硬币
while (i > 0 && coins[i] > am) {
i--
}
// 选择 coins[i]
am -= coins[i]
count++
}
// 若未找到可行方案，则返回 -1
return if (am == 0) count else -1
}
[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}
```
=== "Ruby"
@@ -319,11 +140,6 @@ The implementation code is as follows:
[class]{}-[func]{coinChangeGreedy}
```
??? pythontutor "Code Visualization"
<div style="height: 549px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20coin_change_greedy%28coins%3A%20list%5Bint%5D,%20amt%3A%20int%29%20-%3E%20int%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E9%9B%B6%E9%92%B1%E5%85%91%E6%8D%A2%EF%BC%9A%E8%B4%AA%E5%BF%83%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%81%87%E8%AE%BE%20coins%20%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%E6%9C%89%E5%BA%8F%0A%20%20%20%20i%20%3D%20len%28coins%29%20-%201%0A%20%20%20%20count%20%3D%200%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF%E8%BF%9B%E8%A1%8C%E8%B4%AA%E5%BF%83%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9%EF%BC%8C%E7%9B%B4%E5%88%B0%E6%97%A0%E5%89%A9%E4%BD%99%E9%87%91%E9%A2%9D%0A%20%20%20%20while%20amt%20%3E%200%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%89%BE%E5%88%B0%E5%B0%8F%E4%BA%8E%E4%B8%94%E6%9C%80%E6%8E%A5%E8%BF%91%E5%89%A9%E4%BD%99%E9%87%91%E9%A2%9D%E7%9A%84%E7%A1%AC%E5%B8%81%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20while%20i%20%3E%200%20and%20coins%5Bi%5D%20%3E%20amt%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20i%20-%3D%201%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9%20coins%5Bi%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20amt%20-%3D%20coins%5Bi%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20count%20%2B%3D%201%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E8%8B%A5%E6%9C%AA%E6%89%BE%E5%88%B0%E5%8F%AF%E8%A1%8C%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88%EF%BC%8C%E5%88%99%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E%20-1%0A%20%20%20%20return%20count%20if%20amt%20%3D%3D%200%20else%20-1%0A%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E8%B4%AA%E5%BF%83%EF%BC%9A%E8%83%BD%E5%A4%9F%E4%BF%9D%E8%AF%81%E6%89%BE%E5%88%B0%E5%85%A8%E5%B1%80%E6%9C%80%E4%BC%98%E8%A7%A3%0A%20%20%20%20coins%20%3D%20%5B1,%205,%2010,%2020,%2050,%20100%5D%0A%20%20%20%20amt%20%3D%20186%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20coin_change_greedy%28coins,%20amt%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%5Cncoins%20%3D%20%7Bcoins%7D,%20amt%20%3D%20%7Bamt%7D%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%E5%87%91%E5%88%B0%20%7Bamt%7D%20%E6%89%80%E9%9C%80%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%80%E5%B0%91%E7%A1%AC%E5%B8%81%E6%95%B0%E9%87%8F%E4%B8%BA%20%7Bres%7D%22%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E8%B4%AA%E5%BF%83%EF%BC%9A%E6%97%A0%E6%B3%95%E4%BF%9D%E8%AF%81%E6%89%BE%E5%88%B0%E5%85%A8%E5%B1%80%E6%9C%80%E4%BC%98%E8%A7%A3%0A%20%20%20%20coins%20%3D%20%5B1,%2020,%2050%5D%0A%20%20%20%20amt%20%3D%2060%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20coin_change_greedy%28coins,%20amt%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%5Cncoins%20%3D%20%7Bcoins%7D,%20amt%20%3D%20%7Bamt%7D%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%E5%87%91%E5%88%B0%20%7Bamt%7D%20%E6%89%80%E9%9C%80%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%80%E5%B0%91%E7%A1%AC%E5%B8%81%E6%95%B0%E9%87%8F%E4%B8%BA%20%7Bres%7D%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%E5%AE%9E%E9%99%85%E4%B8%8A%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%80%E5%B0%91%E6%95%B0%E9%87%8F%E4%B8%BA%203%20%EF%BC%8C%E5%8D%B3%2020%20%2B%2020%20%2B%2020%22%29&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=5&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20coin_change_greedy%28coins%3A%20list%5Bint%5D,%20amt%3A%20int%29%20-%3E%20int%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E9%9B%B6%E9%92%B1%E5%85%91%E6%8D%A2%EF%BC%9A%E8%B4%AA%E5%BF%83%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%81%87%E8%AE%BE%20coins%20%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%E6%9C%89%E5%BA%8F%0A%20%20%20%20i%20%3D%20len%28coins%29%20-%201%0A%20%20%20%20count%20%3D%200%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF%E8%BF%9B%E8%A1%8C%E8%B4%AA%E5%BF%83%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9%EF%BC%8C%E7%9B%B4%E5%88%B0%E6%97%A0%E5%89%A9%E4%BD%99%E9%87%91%E9%A2%9D%0A%20%20%20%20while%20amt%20%3E%200%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%89%BE%E5%88%B0%E5%B0%8F%E4%BA%8E%E4%B8%94%E6%9C%80%E6%8E%A5%E8%BF%91%E5%89%A9%E4%BD%99%E9%87%91%E9%A2%9D%E7%9A%84%E7%A1%AC%E5%B8%81%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20while%20i%20%3E%200%20and%20coins%5Bi%5D%20%3E%20amt%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20i%20-%3D%201%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9%20coins%5Bi%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20amt%20-%3D%20coins%5Bi%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20count%20%2B%3D%201%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E8%8B%A5%E6%9C%AA%E6%89%BE%E5%88%B0%E5%8F%AF%E8%A1%8C%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88%EF%BC%8C%E5%88%99%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E%20-1%0A%20%20%20%20return%20count%20if%20amt%20%3D%3D%200%20else%20-1%0A%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E8%B4%AA%E5%BF%83%EF%BC%9A%E8%83%BD%E5%A4%9F%E4%BF%9D%E8%AF%81%E6%89%BE%E5%88%B0%E5%85%A8%E5%B1%80%E6%9C%80%E4%BC%98%E8%A7%A3%0A%20%20%20%20coins%20%3D%20%5B1,%205,%2010,%2020,%2050,%20100%5D%0A%20%20%20%20amt%20%3D%20186%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20coin_change_greedy%28coins,%20amt%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%5Cncoins%20%3D%20%7Bcoins%7D,%20amt%20%3D%20%7Bamt%7D%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%E5%87%91%E5%88%B0%20%7Bamt%7D%20%E6%89%80%E9%9C%80%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%80%E5%B0%91%E7%A1%AC%E5%B8%81%E6%95%B0%E9%87%8F%E4%B8%BA%20%7Bres%7D%22%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E8%B4%AA%E5%BF%83%EF%BC%9A%E6%97%A0%E6%B3%95%E4%BF%9D%E8%AF%81%E6%89%BE%E5%88%B0%E5%85%A8%E5%B1%80%E6%9C%80%E4%BC%98%E8%A7%A3%0A%20%20%20%20coins%20%3D%20%5B1,%2020,%2050%5D%0A%20%20%20%20amt%20%3D%2060%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20coin_change_greedy%28coins,%20amt%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%5Cncoins%20%3D%20%7Bcoins%7D,%20amt%20%3D%20%7Bamt%7D%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%E5%87%91%E5%88%B0%20%7Bamt%7D%20%E6%89%80%E9%9C%80%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%80%E5%B0%91%E7%A1%AC%E5%B8%81%E6%95%B0%E9%87%8F%E4%B8%BA%20%7Bres%7D%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%E5%AE%9E%E9%99%85%E4%B8%8A%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%80%E5%B0%91%E6%95%B0%E9%87%8F%E4%B8%BA%203%20%EF%BC%8C%E5%8D%B3%2020%20%2B%2020%20%2B%2020%22%29&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=5&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Full Screen ></a></div>
You might exclaim: So clean! The greedy algorithm solves the coin change problem in about ten lines of code.
## 15.1.1 &nbsp; Advantages and limitations of greedy algorithms