Add the initial EN translation for C++ code (#1346)

2026-07-08 05:26:07 +00:00 · 2024-05-06 13:31:46 +08:00
parent 9e4017b3fb
commit 8e60d12151
111 changed files with 6993 additions and 9 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+/**
+ * File: my_heap.cpp
+ * Created Time: 2023-02-04
+ * Author: LoneRanger (836253168@qq.com), what-is-me (whatisme@outlook.jp)
+ */
+
+#include "../utils/common.hpp"
+
+/* Max-heap */
+class MaxHeap {
+  private:
+    // Using a dynamic array to avoid the need for resizing
+    vector<int> maxHeap;
+
+    /* Get index of left child node */
+    int left(int i) {
+        return 2 * i + 1;
+    }
+
+    /* Get index of right child node */
+    int right(int i) {
+        return 2 * i + 2;
+    }
+
+    /* Get index of parent node */
+    int parent(int i) {
+        return (i - 1) / 2; // Integer division down
+    }
+
+    /* Start heapifying node i, from bottom to top */
+    void siftUp(int i) {
+        while (true) {
+            // Get parent node of node i
+            int p = parent(i);
+            // When "crossing the root node" or "node does not need repair", end heapification
+            if (p < 0 || maxHeap[i] <= maxHeap[p])
+                break;
+            // Swap two nodes
+            swap(maxHeap[i], maxHeap[p]);
+            // Loop upwards heapification
+            i = p;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Start heapifying node i, from top to bottom */
+    void siftDown(int i) {
+        while (true) {
+            // Determine the largest node among i, l, r, noted as ma
+            int l = left(i), r = right(i), ma = i;
+            if (l < size() && maxHeap[l] > maxHeap[ma])
+                ma = l;
+            if (r < size() && maxHeap[r] > maxHeap[ma])
+                ma = r;
+            // If node i is the largest or indices l, r are out of bounds, no further heapification needed, break
+            if (ma == i)
+                break;
+            swap(maxHeap[i], maxHeap[ma]);
+            // Loop downwards heapification
+            i = ma;
+        }
+    }
+
+  public:
+    /* Constructor, build heap based on input list */
+    MaxHeap(vector<int> nums) {
+        // Add all list elements into the heap
+        maxHeap = nums;
+        // Heapify all nodes except leaves
+        for (int i = parent(size() - 1); i >= 0; i--) {
+            siftDown(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Get heap size */
+    int size() {
+        return maxHeap.size();
+    }
+
+    /* Determine if heap is empty */
+    bool isEmpty() {
+        return size() == 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Access heap top element */
+    int peek() {
+        return maxHeap[0];
+    }
+
+    /* Push the element into heap */
+    void push(int val) {
+        // Add node
+        maxHeap.push_back(val);
+        // Heapify from bottom to top
+        siftUp(size() - 1);
+    }
+
+    /* Element exits heap */
+    void pop() {
+        // Empty handling
+        if (isEmpty()) {
+            throw out_of_range("Heap is empty");
+        }
+        // Swap the root node with the rightmost leaf node (swap the first element with the last element)
+        swap(maxHeap[0], maxHeap[size() - 1]);
+        // Remove node
+        maxHeap.pop_back();
+        // Heapify from top to bottom
+        siftDown(0);
+    }
+
+    /* Print heap (binary tree)*/
+    void print() {
+        cout << "Array representation of the heap:";
+        printVector(maxHeap);
+        cout << "Tree representation of the heap:" << endl;
+        TreeNode *root = vectorToTree(maxHeap);
+        printTree(root);
+        freeMemoryTree(root);
+    }
+};
+
+/* Driver Code */
+int main() {
+    /* Initialize max-heap */
+    vector<int> vec{9, 8, 6, 6, 7, 5, 2, 1, 4, 3, 6, 2};
+    MaxHeap maxHeap(vec);
+    cout << "\nEnter list and build heap" << endl;
+    maxHeap.print();
+
+    /* Access heap top element */
+    int peek = maxHeap.peek();
+    cout << "\nTop element of the heap is " << peek << endl;
+
+    /* Push the element into heap */
+    int val = 7;
+    maxHeap.push(val);
+    cout << "\nAfter element " << val << " is added to the heap" << endl;
+    maxHeap.print();
+
+    /* Pop the element at the heap top */
+    peek = maxHeap.peek();
+    maxHeap.pop();
+    cout << "\nAfter the top element " << peek << " is removed from the heap" << endl;
+    maxHeap.print();
+
+    /* Get heap size */
+    int size = maxHeap.size();
+    cout << "\nNumber of elements in the heap is " << size << endl;
+
+    /* Determine if heap is empty */
+    bool isEmpty = maxHeap.isEmpty();
+    cout << "\nIs the heap empty " << isEmpty << endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}