Add translated chapter exercise pages (#1941)

Add dedicated chapter exercise sections and generated exercise pages for the English, Japanese, and Russian editions.

Add navigation for all published languages while keeping Taiwan Traditional Chinese exercise pages generated at build time.

ja/mkdocs.yml

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ nav:
     - 2.3   時間計算量: chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity.md
     - 2.4   空間計算量: chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity.md
     - 2.5   まとめ: chapter_computational_complexity/summary.md
+    - 2.6   演習: chapter_computational_complexity/exercises.md
   - 第 3 章   データ構造:
     # [icon: material/shape-outline]
     - chapter_data_structure/index.md
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ nav:
     - 3.3   数値エンコーディング *: chapter_data_structure/number_encoding.md
     - 3.4   文字エンコーディング *: chapter_data_structure/character_encoding.md
     - 3.5   まとめ: chapter_data_structure/summary.md
+    - 3.6   演習: chapter_data_structure/exercises.md
   - 第 4 章   配列と連結リスト:
     # [icon: material/view-list-outline]
     - chapter_array_and_linkedlist/index.md
@@ -75,6 +77,7 @@ nav:
     - 4.3   リスト: chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list.md
     - 4.4   メモリとキャッシュ *: chapter_array_and_linkedlist/ram_and_cache.md
     - 4.5   まとめ: chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary.md
+    - 4.6   演習: chapter_array_and_linkedlist/exercises.md
   - 第 5 章   スタックとキュー:
     # [icon: material/stack-overflow]
     - chapter_stack_and_queue/index.md
@@ -82,6 +85,7 @@ nav:
     - 5.2   キュー: chapter_stack_and_queue/queue.md
     - 5.3   両端キュー: chapter_stack_and_queue/deque.md
     - 5.4   まとめ: chapter_stack_and_queue/summary.md
+    - 5.5   演習: chapter_stack_and_queue/exercises.md
   - 第 6 章   ハッシュテーブル:
     # [icon: material/table-search]
     - chapter_hashing/index.md
@@ -89,6 +93,7 @@ nav:
     - 6.2   ハッシュ衝突: chapter_hashing/hash_collision.md
     - 6.3   ハッシュアルゴリズム: chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm.md
     - 6.4   まとめ: chapter_hashing/summary.md
+    - 6.5   演習: chapter_hashing/exercises.md
   - 第 7 章   木:
     # [icon: material/graph-outline]
     - chapter_tree/index.md
@@ -98,6 +103,7 @@ nav:
     - 7.4   二分探索木: chapter_tree/binary_search_tree.md
     - 7.5   AVL 木 *: chapter_tree/avl_tree.md
     - 7.6   まとめ: chapter_tree/summary.md
+    - 7.7   演習: chapter_tree/exercises.md
   - 第 8 章   ヒープ:
     # [icon: material/family-tree]
     - chapter_heap/index.md
@@ -105,6 +111,7 @@ nav:
     - 8.2   ヒープ構築: chapter_heap/build_heap.md
     - 8.3   Top-k 問題: chapter_heap/top_k.md
     - 8.4   まとめ: chapter_heap/summary.md
+    - 8.5   演習: chapter_heap/exercises.md
   - 第 9 章   グラフ:
     # [icon: material/graphql]
     - chapter_graph/index.md
@@ -112,6 +119,7 @@ nav:
     - 9.2   グラフの基本操作: chapter_graph/graph_operations.md
     - 9.3   グラフの走査: chapter_graph/graph_traversal.md
     - 9.4   まとめ: chapter_graph/summary.md
+    - 9.5   演習: chapter_graph/exercises.md
   - 第 10 章   探索:
     # [icon: material/text-search]
     - chapter_searching/index.md
@@ -121,6 +129,7 @@ nav:
     - 10.4   ハッシュによる最適化戦略: chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing.md
     - 10.5   探索アルゴリズム再考: chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited.md
     - 10.6   まとめ: chapter_searching/summary.md
+    - 10.7   演習: chapter_searching/exercises.md
   - 第 11 章   ソート:
     # [icon: material/sort-ascending]
     - chapter_sorting/index.md
@@ -135,6 +144,7 @@ nav:
     - 11.9   計数ソート: chapter_sorting/counting_sort.md
     - 11.10   基数ソート: chapter_sorting/radix_sort.md
     - 11.11   まとめ: chapter_sorting/summary.md
+    - 11.12   演習: chapter_sorting/exercises.md
   - 第 12 章   分割統治:
     # [icon: material/set-split]
     - chapter_divide_and_conquer/index.md
@@ -143,6 +153,7 @@ nav:
     - 12.3   二分木の構築問題: chapter_divide_and_conquer/build_binary_tree_problem.md
     - 12.4   ハノイの塔の問題: chapter_divide_and_conquer/hanota_problem.md
     - 12.5   まとめ: chapter_divide_and_conquer/summary.md
+    - 12.6   演習: chapter_divide_and_conquer/exercises.md
   - 第 13 章   バックトラッキング:
     # [icon: material/map-marker-path]
     - chapter_backtracking/index.md
@@ -151,6 +162,7 @@ nav:
     - 13.3   部分和問題: chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem.md
     - 13.4   n クイーン問題: chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem.md
     - 13.5   まとめ: chapter_backtracking/summary.md
+    - 13.6   演習: chapter_backtracking/exercises.md
   - 第 14 章   動的計画法:
     # [icon: material/table-pivot]
     - chapter_dynamic_programming/index.md
@@ -161,6 +173,7 @@ nav:
     - 14.5   完全ナップサック問題: chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem.md
     - 14.6   編集距離問題: chapter_dynamic_programming/edit_distance_problem.md
     - 14.7   まとめ: chapter_dynamic_programming/summary.md
+    - 14.8   演習: chapter_dynamic_programming/exercises.md
   - 第 15 章   貪欲法:
     # [icon: material/head-heart-outline]
     - chapter_greedy/index.md
@@ -169,6 +182,7 @@ nav:
     - 15.3   最大容量問題: chapter_greedy/max_capacity_problem.md
     - 15.4   最大積分割問題: chapter_greedy/max_product_cutting_problem.md
     - 15.5   まとめ: chapter_greedy/summary.md
+    - 15.6   演習: chapter_greedy/exercises.md
   - 第 16 章   付録:
     # [icon: material/help-circle-outline]
     - chapter_appendix/index.md