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feat: Add Ruby code - chapter "Searching" (#1262)
* create RUBY searching files & finish two_sum.rb * finish linear_search.rb * finish hashing_search.rb * finish binary_search.rb * finish binary_search_insertion.rb * finish binary_search_edge.rb * fix: change 'or' to '||' * fix: Adjust the code style(ruby searching) * fix: repair file name * fix: Adjust the output format * fix: fix 0...nums.length & delete useless require & change into __FILE__==0 block
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=begin
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File: binary_search_insertion.rb
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Created Time: 2024-04-09
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Author: Blue Bean (lonnnnnnner@gmail.com)
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=end
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### 二分查找插入点(无重复元素) ###
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def binary_search_insertion_simple(nums, target)
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# 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]
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i, j = 0, nums.length - 1
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while i <= j
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# 计算中点索引 m
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m = (i + j) / 2
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if nums[m] < target
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i = m + 1 # target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中
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elsif nums[m] > target
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j = m - 1 # target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中
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else
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return m # 找到 target ,返回插入点 m
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end
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end
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i # 未找到 target ,返回插入点 i
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end
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### 二分查找插入点(存在重复元素) ###
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def binary_search_insertion(nums, target)
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# 初始化双闭区间 [0, n-1]
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i, j = 0, nums.length - 1
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while i <= j
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# 计算中点索引 m
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m = (i + j) / 2
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if nums[m] < target
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i = m + 1 # target 在区间 [m+1, j] 中
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elsif nums[m] > target
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j = m - 1 # target 在区间 [i, m-1] 中
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else
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j = m - 1 # 首个小于 target 的元素在区间 [i, m-1] 中
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end
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end
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i # 返回插入点 i
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end
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### Driver Code ###
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if __FILE__ == $0
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# 无重复元素的数组
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nums = [1, 3, 6, 8, 12, 15, 23, 26, 31, 35]
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puts "\n数组 nums = #{nums}"
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# 二分查找插入点
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for target in [6, 9]
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index = binary_search_insertion_simple(nums, target)
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puts "元素 #{target} 的插入点的索引为 #{index}"
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end
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# 包含重复元素的数组
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nums = [1, 3, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 10, 12, 15]
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puts "\n数组 nums = #{nums}"
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# 二分查找插入点
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for target in [2, 6, 20]
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index = binary_search_insertion(nums, target)
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puts "元素 #{target} 的插入点的索引为 #{index}"
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end
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end
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