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krahets
2026-03-29 05:07:03 +08:00
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ru/chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/index.html
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@@ -35,18 +35,23 @@
<link rel="icon" href="../../assets/images/favicon.png">
<meta name="generator" content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.1">
<meta name="generator" content="zensical-0.0.29">
<title>14.5 Задача о неограниченном рюкзаке - Hello Algo</title>
<title>14.5 Задача о полном рюкзаке - Hello Algo</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/stylesheets/main.484c7ddc.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/stylesheets/modern/main.6f2fbb28.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/stylesheets/modern/palette.dfe2e883.min.css">
@@ -60,29 +65,20 @@
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Noto+Sans:300,300i,400,400i,700,700i%7CJetBrains+Mono:400,400i,700,700i&display=fallback">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Noto+Sans:300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i%7CJetBrains+Mono:400,400i,700,700i&display=fallback">
<style>:root{--md-text-font:"Noto Sans";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../stylesheets/extra.css">
<script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script>
<script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,t)=>(e<<5)-e+t.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(t.getItem(("__palette"===e?"/":a.pathname)+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,t,a=localStorage,_=__md_scope)=>{try{a.setItem(("__palette"===e?"/":_.pathname)+"."+e,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}},document.documentElement.setAttribute("data-platform",navigator.platform)</script>
<link href="../../assets/stylesheets/glightbox.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/><style>
html.glightbox-open { overflow: initial; height: 100%; }
.gslide-title { margin-top: 0px; user-select: text; }
.gslide-desc { color: #666; user-select: text; }
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body[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .gdesc-inner { background: var(--md-default-bg-color);}
body[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .gslide-title { color: var(--md-default-fg-color);}
body[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .gslide-desc { color: var(--md-default-fg-color);}</style> <script src="../../assets/javascripts/glightbox.min.js"></script></head>
</head>
@@ -97,7 +93,7 @@
<input class="md-toggle" data-md-toggle="drawer" type="checkbox" id="__drawer" autocomplete="off">
<input class="md-toggle" data-md-toggle="search" type="checkbox" id="__search" autocomplete="off">
<label class="md-overlay" for="__drawer"></label>
<label class="md-overlay" for="__drawer" aria-label="Навигация"></label>
<div data-md-component="skip">
@@ -137,12 +133,12 @@
<nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label="Верхний колонтитул">
<a href="../.." title="Hello Algo" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="Hello Algo" data-md-component="logo">
<img src="../../assets/images/logo.svg" alt="logo">
<img src="../../assets/images/logo.svg" alt="Hello Algo">
</a>
<label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__drawer">
<label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__drawer" aria-label="Навигация">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" class="lucide lucide-menu" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 5h16M4 12h16M4 19h16"/></svg>
</label>
<div class="md-header__title" data-md-component="header-title">
<div class="md-header__ellipsis">
@@ -154,7 +150,7 @@
<div class="md-header__topic" data-md-component="header-topic">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
14.5 Задача о неограниченном рюкзаке
14.5 &nbsp; Задача о полном рюкзаке
</span>
</div>
@@ -167,7 +163,7 @@
<input class="md-option" data-md-color-media="" data-md-color-scheme="default" data-md-color-primary="white" data-md-color-accent="teal" aria-label="Темная тема" type="radio" name="__palette" id="__palette_0">
<input class="md-option" data-md-color-media="none" data-md-color-scheme="default" data-md-color-primary="white" data-md-color-accent="teal" aria-label="Темная тема" type="radio" name="__palette" id="__palette_0">
<label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Темная тема" for="__palette_1" hidden>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.5 2c-1.79 1.15-3 3.18-3 5.5s1.21 4.35 3.03 5.5C4.46 13 2 10.54 2 7.5A5.5 5.5 0 0 1 7.5 2m11.57 1.5 1.43 1.43L4.93 20.5 3.5 19.07zm-6.18 2.43L11.41 5 9.97 6l.42-1.7L9 3.24l1.75-.12.58-1.65L12 3.1l1.73.03-1.35 1.13zm-3.3 3.61-1.16-.73-1.12.78.34-1.32-1.09-.83 1.36-.09.45-1.29.51 1.27 1.36.03-1.05.87zM19 13.5a5.5 5.5 0 0 1-5.5 5.5c-1.22 0-2.35-.4-3.26-1.07l7.69-7.69c.67.91 1.07 2.04 1.07 3.26m-4.4 6.58 2.77-1.15-.24 3.35zm4.33-2.7 1.15-2.77 2.2 2.54zm1.15-4.96-1.14-2.78 3.34.24zM9.63 18.93l2.77 1.15-2.53 2.19z"/></svg>
@@ -177,7 +173,7 @@
<input class="md-option" data-md-color-media="" data-md-color-scheme="slate" data-md-color-primary="black" data-md-color-accent="teal" aria-label="Светлая тема" type="radio" name="__palette" id="__palette_1">
<input class="md-option" data-md-color-media="none" data-md-color-scheme="slate" data-md-color-primary="black" data-md-color-accent="teal" aria-label="Светлая тема" type="radio" name="__palette" id="__palette_1">
<label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Светлая тема" for="__palette_0" hidden>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.5 2c-1.79 1.15-3 3.18-3 5.5s1.21 4.35 3.03 5.5C4.46 13 2 10.54 2 7.5A5.5 5.5 0 0 1 7.5 2m11.57 1.5 1.43 1.43L4.93 20.5 3.5 19.07zm-6.18 2.43L11.41 5 9.97 6l.42-1.7L9 3.24l1.75-.12.58-1.65L12 3.1l1.73.03-1.35 1.13zm-3.3 3.61-1.16-.73-1.12.78.34-1.32-1.09-.83 1.36-.09.45-1.29.51 1.27 1.36.03-1.05.87zM19 13.5a5.5 5.5 0 0 1-5.5 5.5c-1.22 0-2.35-.4-3.26-1.07l7.69-7.69c.67.91 1.07 2.04 1.07 3.26m-4.4 6.58 2.77-1.15-.24 3.35zm4.33-2.7 1.15-2.77 2.2 2.54zm1.15-4.96-1.14-2.78 3.34.24zM9.63 18.93l2.77 1.15-2.53 2.19z"/></svg>
@@ -195,7 +191,7 @@
<div class="md-select">
<button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="Выберите язык">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.5 17.5 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11zM18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2zm-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17z"/></svg>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" class="lucide lucide-languages" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m5 8 6 6M4 14l6-6 2-3M2 5h12M7 2h1M22 22l-5-10-5 10M14 18h6"/></svg>
</button>
<div class="md-select__inner">
<ul class="md-select__list">
@@ -238,64 +234,30 @@
<label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
<label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search" aria-label="Поиск">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" class="lucide lucide-search" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m21 21-4.34-4.34"/><circle cx="11" cy="11" r="8"/></svg>
</label>
<div class="md-search" data-md-component="search" role="dialog">
<label class="md-search__overlay" for="__search"></label>
<div class="md-search__inner" role="search">
<form class="md-search__form" name="search">
<input type="text" class="md-search__input" name="query" aria-label="Поиск" placeholder="Поиск" autocapitalize="off" autocorrect="off" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" data-md-component="search-query" required>
<label class="md-search__icon md-icon" for="__search">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg>
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</label>
<nav class="md-search__options" aria-label="Поиск">
<a href="javascript:void(0)" class="md-search__icon md-icon" title="Поделиться" aria-label="Поделиться" data-clipboard data-clipboard-text="" data-md-component="search-share" tabindex="-1">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18 16.08c-.76 0-1.44.3-1.96.77L8.91 12.7c.05-.23.09-.46.09-.7s-.04-.47-.09-.7l7.05-4.11c.54.5 1.25.81 2.04.81a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3c0 .24.04.47.09.7L8.04 9.81C7.5 9.31 6.79 9 6 9a3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3c.79 0 1.5-.31 2.04-.81l7.12 4.15c-.05.21-.08.43-.08.66 0 1.61 1.31 2.91 2.92 2.91s2.92-1.3 2.92-2.91A2.92 2.92 0 0 0 18 16.08"/></svg>
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</nav>
<div class="md-search__suggest" data-md-component="search-suggest"></div>
</form>
<div class="md-search__output">
<div class="md-search__scrollwrap" tabindex="0" data-md-scrollfix>
<div class="md-search-result" data-md-component="search-result">
<div class="md-search-result__meta">
Инициализация поиска
</div>
<ol class="md-search-result__list" role="presentation"></ol>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="md-search" data-md-component="search" role="dialog" aria-label="Поиск">
<button type="button" class="md-search__button">
Поиск
</button>
</div>
<div class="md-header__source">
<div class="md-header__source">
<a href="https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo" title="Перейти к репозиторию" class="md-source" data-md-component="source">
<div class="md-source__icon md-icon">
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</div>
<div class="md-source__repository">
krahets/hello-algo
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</a>
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</nav>
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@@ -323,7 +285,7 @@
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__drawer">
<a href="../.." title="Hello Algo" class="md-nav__button md-logo" aria-label="Hello Algo" data-md-component="logo">
<img src="../../assets/images/logo.svg" alt="logo">
<img src="../../assets/images/logo.svg" alt="Hello Algo">
</a>
Hello Algo
@@ -333,7 +295,7 @@
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<p class="admonition-title">Question</p>
<p>Даны <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> предметов. Вес <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span>-го предмета равен <span class="arithmatex">\(wgt[i-1]\)</span> , стоимость равна <span class="arithmatex">\(val[i-1]\)</span> . Также дан рюкзак вместимости <span class="arithmatex">\(cap\)</span> . <strong>Каждый предмет можно выбирать многократно</strong>. Найдите максимальную суммарную стоимость, которую можно поместить в рюкзак при заданной вместимости. Пример показан на рисунке 14-22.</p>
</div>
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/unbounded_knapsack_example.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="Пример данных для задачи о полном рюкзаке" class="animation-figure" src="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/unbounded_knapsack_example.png" /></a></p>
<p><img alt="Пример данных для задачи о полном рюкзаке" class="animation-figure" src="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/unbounded_knapsack_example.png" /></p>
<p align="center"> Рисунок 14-22 &nbsp; Пример данных для задачи о полном рюкзаке </p>
<h3 id="1">1. &nbsp; Идея динамического программирования<a class="headerlink" href="#1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
@@ -4959,31 +4923,25 @@ dp[i, c] = \max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1])
</code></pre></div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="cm">File: unbounded_knapsack.rb</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-05-29</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## Полный рюкзак: динамическое программирование ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">unbounded_knapsack_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Если вместимость рюкзака превышена, предмет i не выбирать</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Большее из двух решений: не брать или взять предмет i</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]].</span><span class="n">max</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-25" name="__codelineno-12-25" href="#__codelineno-12-25"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="c1">### Полный рюкзак: динамическое программирование ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">unbounded_knapsack_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Если вместимость рюкзака превышена, предмет i не выбирать</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Большее из двух решений: не брать или взять предмет i</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]].</span><span class="n">max</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
@@ -4999,22 +4957,22 @@ dp[i, c] = \max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1])
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:6"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">&lt;1&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">&lt;2&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">&lt;3&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">&lt;4&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">&lt;5&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">&lt;6&gt;</label></div>
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<p><a class="glightbox" href="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/unbounded_knapsack_dp_comp_step1.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="Процесс динамического программирования после оптимизации памяти для полного рюкзака" class="animation-figure" src="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/unbounded_knapsack_dp_comp_step1.png" /></a></p>
<p><img alt="Процесс динамического программирования после оптимизации памяти для полного рюкзака" class="animation-figure" src="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/unbounded_knapsack_dp_comp_step1.png" /></p>
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@@ -5296,52 +5254,46 @@ dp[i, c] = \max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1])
</code></pre></div>
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<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="cm">File: unbounded_knapsack.rb</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-05-29</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## Полный рюкзак: динамическое программирование ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">unbounded_knapsack_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Если вместимость рюкзака превышена, предмет i не выбирать</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Большее из двух решений: не брать или взять предмет i</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-20" name="__codelineno-25-20" href="#__codelineno-25-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]].</span><span class="n">max</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-21" name="__codelineno-25-21" href="#__codelineno-25-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-22" name="__codelineno-25-22" href="#__codelineno-25-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-23" name="__codelineno-25-23" href="#__codelineno-25-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-24" name="__codelineno-25-24" href="#__codelineno-25-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-25" name="__codelineno-25-25" href="#__codelineno-25-25"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-26" name="__codelineno-25-26" href="#__codelineno-25-26"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-27" name="__codelineno-25-27" href="#__codelineno-25-27"></a><span class="c1"># ## Полный рюкзак: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти ##3</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-28" name="__codelineno-25-28" href="#__codelineno-25-28"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">unbounded_knapsack_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-29" name="__codelineno-25-29" href="#__codelineno-25-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-30" name="__codelineno-25-30" href="#__codelineno-25-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-31" name="__codelineno-25-31" href="#__codelineno-25-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-32" name="__codelineno-25-32" href="#__codelineno-25-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-33" name="__codelineno-25-33" href="#__codelineno-25-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-34" name="__codelineno-25-34" href="#__codelineno-25-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Прямой обход</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-35" name="__codelineno-25-35" href="#__codelineno-25-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-36" name="__codelineno-25-36" href="#__codelineno-25-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-37" name="__codelineno-25-37" href="#__codelineno-25-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Если вместимость рюкзака превышена, предмет i не выбирать</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-38" name="__codelineno-25-38" href="#__codelineno-25-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-39" name="__codelineno-25-39" href="#__codelineno-25-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-40" name="__codelineno-25-40" href="#__codelineno-25-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Большее из двух решений: не брать или взять предмет i</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-41" name="__codelineno-25-41" href="#__codelineno-25-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]].</span><span class="n">max</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-42" name="__codelineno-25-42" href="#__codelineno-25-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-43" name="__codelineno-25-43" href="#__codelineno-25-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-44" name="__codelineno-25-44" href="#__codelineno-25-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-45" name="__codelineno-25-45" href="#__codelineno-25-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-46" name="__codelineno-25-46" href="#__codelineno-25-46"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">unbounded_knapsack.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="c1">### Полный рюкзак: динамическое программирование ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">unbounded_knapsack_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Если вместимость рюкзака превышена, предмет i не выбирать</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Большее из двух решений: не брать или взять предмет i</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]].</span><span class="n">max</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-20" name="__codelineno-25-20" href="#__codelineno-25-20"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-21" name="__codelineno-25-21" href="#__codelineno-25-21"></a><span class="c1"># ## Полный рюкзак: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти ##3</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-22" name="__codelineno-25-22" href="#__codelineno-25-22"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">unbounded_knapsack_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-23" name="__codelineno-25-23" href="#__codelineno-25-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-24" name="__codelineno-25-24" href="#__codelineno-25-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-25" name="__codelineno-25-25" href="#__codelineno-25-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-26" name="__codelineno-25-26" href="#__codelineno-25-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-27" name="__codelineno-25-27" href="#__codelineno-25-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-28" name="__codelineno-25-28" href="#__codelineno-25-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Прямой обход</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-29" name="__codelineno-25-29" href="#__codelineno-25-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-30" name="__codelineno-25-30" href="#__codelineno-25-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-31" name="__codelineno-25-31" href="#__codelineno-25-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Если вместимость рюкзака превышена, предмет i не выбирать</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-32" name="__codelineno-25-32" href="#__codelineno-25-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-33" name="__codelineno-25-33" href="#__codelineno-25-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-34" name="__codelineno-25-34" href="#__codelineno-25-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Большее из двух решений: не брать или взять предмет i</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-35" name="__codelineno-25-35" href="#__codelineno-25-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">wgt</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]].</span><span class="n">max</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-36" name="__codelineno-25-36" href="#__codelineno-25-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-37" name="__codelineno-25-37" href="#__codelineno-25-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-38" name="__codelineno-25-38" href="#__codelineno-25-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-39" name="__codelineno-25-39" href="#__codelineno-25-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">cap</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-40" name="__codelineno-25-40" href="#__codelineno-25-40"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
@@ -5357,7 +5309,7 @@ dp[i, c] = \max(dp[i-1, c], dp[i, c - wgt[i-1]] + val[i-1])
<p class="admonition-title">Question</p>
<p>Даны <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> видов монет, номинал монеты <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> равен <span class="arithmatex">\(coins[i - 1]\)</span> , а целевая сумма равна <span class="arithmatex">\(amt\)</span> . <strong>Монеты каждого вида можно брать многократно</strong>. Требуется найти минимальное число монет, которыми можно набрать целевую сумму. Если набрать сумму невозможно, верните <span class="arithmatex">\(-1\)</span> . Пример показан на рисунке 14-24.</p>
</div>
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_example.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="Пример данных для задачи о размене монет" class="animation-figure" src="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_example.png" /></a></p>
<p><img alt="Пример данных для задачи о размене монет" class="animation-figure" src="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_example.png" /></p>
<p align="center"> Рисунок 14-24 &nbsp; Пример данных для задачи о размене монет </p>
<h3 id="1_1">1. &nbsp; Идея динамического программирования<a class="headerlink" href="#1_1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
@@ -5730,34 +5682,28 @@ dp[i, a] = \min(dp[i-1, a], dp[i, a - coins[i-1]] + 1)
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="cm">File: coin_change.rb</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-05-29</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## Размен монет: динамическое программирование ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-8" name="__codelineno-38-8" href="#__codelineno-38-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coin_change_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-9" name="__codelineno-38-9" href="#__codelineno-38-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-10" name="__codelineno-38-10" href="#__codelineno-38-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-11" name="__codelineno-38-11" href="#__codelineno-38-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-12" name="__codelineno-38-12" href="#__codelineno-38-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-13" name="__codelineno-38-13" href="#__codelineno-38-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний: первая строка и первый столбец</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-14" name="__codelineno-38-14" href="#__codelineno-38-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">each</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-15" name="__codelineno-38-15" href="#__codelineno-38-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний: остальные строки и столбцы</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-16" name="__codelineno-38-16" href="#__codelineno-38-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-17" name="__codelineno-38-17" href="#__codelineno-38-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-18" name="__codelineno-38-18" href="#__codelineno-38-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-19" name="__codelineno-38-19" href="#__codelineno-38-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Если целевая сумма превышена, монету i не выбирать</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-20" name="__codelineno-38-20" href="#__codelineno-38-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-21" name="__codelineno-38-21" href="#__codelineno-38-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-22" name="__codelineno-38-22" href="#__codelineno-38-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Меньшее из двух решений: не брать или взять монету i</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-23" name="__codelineno-38-23" href="#__codelineno-38-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">].</span><span class="n">min</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-24" name="__codelineno-38-24" href="#__codelineno-38-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-25" name="__codelineno-38-25" href="#__codelineno-38-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-26" name="__codelineno-38-26" href="#__codelineno-38-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-27" name="__codelineno-38-27" href="#__codelineno-38-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-28" name="__codelineno-38-28" href="#__codelineno-38-28"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="c1">### Размен монет: динамическое программирование ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coin_change_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний: первая строка и первый столбец</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-8" name="__codelineno-38-8" href="#__codelineno-38-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">each</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-9" name="__codelineno-38-9" href="#__codelineno-38-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний: остальные строки и столбцы</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-10" name="__codelineno-38-10" href="#__codelineno-38-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-11" name="__codelineno-38-11" href="#__codelineno-38-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-12" name="__codelineno-38-12" href="#__codelineno-38-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-13" name="__codelineno-38-13" href="#__codelineno-38-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Если целевая сумма превышена, монету i не выбирать</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-14" name="__codelineno-38-14" href="#__codelineno-38-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-15" name="__codelineno-38-15" href="#__codelineno-38-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-16" name="__codelineno-38-16" href="#__codelineno-38-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Меньшее из двух решений: не брать или взять монету i</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-17" name="__codelineno-38-17" href="#__codelineno-38-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">].</span><span class="n">min</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-18" name="__codelineno-38-18" href="#__codelineno-38-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-19" name="__codelineno-38-19" href="#__codelineno-38-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-20" name="__codelineno-38-20" href="#__codelineno-38-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-21" name="__codelineno-38-21" href="#__codelineno-38-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-22" name="__codelineno-38-22" href="#__codelineno-38-22"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
@@ -5771,49 +5717,49 @@ dp[i, a] = \min(dp[i-1, a], dp[i, a - coins[i-1]] + 1)
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:15"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_11" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_12" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_13" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_14" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_15" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">&lt;1&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">&lt;2&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">&lt;3&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">&lt;4&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">&lt;5&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">&lt;6&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">&lt;7&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">&lt;8&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">&lt;9&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">&lt;10&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_5_11">&lt;11&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_5_12">&lt;12&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_5_13">&lt;13&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_5_14">&lt;14&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_5_15">&lt;15&gt;</label></div>
<div class="tabbed-content">
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_dp_step1.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="Процесс динамического программирования для задачи о размене монет" class="animation-figure" src="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_dp_step1.png" /></a></p>
<p><img alt="Процесс динамического программирования для задачи о размене монет" class="animation-figure" src="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_dp_step1.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_dp_step2.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="coin_change_dp_step2" class="animation-figure" src="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_dp_step2.png" /></a></p>
<p><img alt="coin_change_dp_step2" class="animation-figure" src="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_dp_step2.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_dp_step3.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="coin_change_dp_step3" class="animation-figure" src="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_dp_step3.png" /></a></p>
<p><img alt="coin_change_dp_step3" class="animation-figure" src="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_dp_step3.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_dp_step4.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="coin_change_dp_step4" class="animation-figure" src="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_dp_step4.png" /></a></p>
<p><img alt="coin_change_dp_step4" class="animation-figure" src="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_dp_step4.png" /></p>
</div>
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@@ -6130,57 +6076,28 @@ dp[i, a] = \min(dp[i-1, a], dp[i, a - coins[i-1]] + 1)
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a><span class="cm">File: coin_change.rb</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-05-29</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-4" name="__codelineno-51-4" href="#__codelineno-51-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-5" name="__codelineno-51-5" href="#__codelineno-51-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-6" name="__codelineno-51-6" href="#__codelineno-51-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-51-7" name="__codelineno-51-7" href="#__codelineno-51-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## Размен монет: динамическое программирование ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-8" name="__codelineno-51-8" href="#__codelineno-51-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coin_change_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-9" name="__codelineno-51-9" href="#__codelineno-51-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-10" name="__codelineno-51-10" href="#__codelineno-51-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-11" name="__codelineno-51-11" href="#__codelineno-51-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-12" name="__codelineno-51-12" href="#__codelineno-51-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-13" name="__codelineno-51-13" href="#__codelineno-51-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний: первая строка и первый столбец</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-14" name="__codelineno-51-14" href="#__codelineno-51-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">each</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-15" name="__codelineno-51-15" href="#__codelineno-51-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний: остальные строки и столбцы</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-16" name="__codelineno-51-16" href="#__codelineno-51-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-17" name="__codelineno-51-17" href="#__codelineno-51-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-18" name="__codelineno-51-18" href="#__codelineno-51-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-19" name="__codelineno-51-19" href="#__codelineno-51-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Если целевая сумма превышена, монету i не выбирать</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-20" name="__codelineno-51-20" href="#__codelineno-51-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-21" name="__codelineno-51-21" href="#__codelineno-51-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-22" name="__codelineno-51-22" href="#__codelineno-51-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Меньшее из двух решений: не брать или взять монету i</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-23" name="__codelineno-51-23" href="#__codelineno-51-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">].</span><span class="n">min</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-24" name="__codelineno-51-24" href="#__codelineno-51-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-25" name="__codelineno-51-25" href="#__codelineno-51-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-26" name="__codelineno-51-26" href="#__codelineno-51-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-27" name="__codelineno-51-27" href="#__codelineno-51-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-28" name="__codelineno-51-28" href="#__codelineno-51-28"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-29" name="__codelineno-51-29" href="#__codelineno-51-29"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-51-30" name="__codelineno-51-30" href="#__codelineno-51-30"></a><span class="c1"># ## Размен монет: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-31" name="__codelineno-51-31" href="#__codelineno-51-31"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coin_change_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-32" name="__codelineno-51-32" href="#__codelineno-51-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-33" name="__codelineno-51-33" href="#__codelineno-51-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-34" name="__codelineno-51-34" href="#__codelineno-51-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-35" name="__codelineno-51-35" href="#__codelineno-51-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_MAX</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-36" name="__codelineno-51-36" href="#__codelineno-51-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-37" name="__codelineno-51-37" href="#__codelineno-51-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-38" name="__codelineno-51-38" href="#__codelineno-51-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-39" name="__codelineno-51-39" href="#__codelineno-51-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Прямой обход</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-40" name="__codelineno-51-40" href="#__codelineno-51-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-41" name="__codelineno-51-41" href="#__codelineno-51-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-42" name="__codelineno-51-42" href="#__codelineno-51-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Если целевая сумма превышена, монету i не выбирать</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-43" name="__codelineno-51-43" href="#__codelineno-51-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-44" name="__codelineno-51-44" href="#__codelineno-51-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-45" name="__codelineno-51-45" href="#__codelineno-51-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Меньшее из двух решений: не брать или взять монету i</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-46" name="__codelineno-51-46" href="#__codelineno-51-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">].</span><span class="n">min</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-47" name="__codelineno-51-47" href="#__codelineno-51-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-48" name="__codelineno-51-48" href="#__codelineno-51-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-49" name="__codelineno-51-49" href="#__codelineno-51-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-50" name="__codelineno-51-50" href="#__codelineno-51-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-51" name="__codelineno-51-51" href="#__codelineno-51-51"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="c1">### Размен монет: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coin_change_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-4" name="__codelineno-51-4" href="#__codelineno-51-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-5" name="__codelineno-51-5" href="#__codelineno-51-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-6" name="__codelineno-51-6" href="#__codelineno-51-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_MAX</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-7" name="__codelineno-51-7" href="#__codelineno-51-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-8" name="__codelineno-51-8" href="#__codelineno-51-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-9" name="__codelineno-51-9" href="#__codelineno-51-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-10" name="__codelineno-51-10" href="#__codelineno-51-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Прямой обход</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-11" name="__codelineno-51-11" href="#__codelineno-51-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-12" name="__codelineno-51-12" href="#__codelineno-51-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-13" name="__codelineno-51-13" href="#__codelineno-51-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Если целевая сумма превышена, монету i не выбирать</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-14" name="__codelineno-51-14" href="#__codelineno-51-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-15" name="__codelineno-51-15" href="#__codelineno-51-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-16" name="__codelineno-51-16" href="#__codelineno-51-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Меньшее из двух решений: не брать или взять монету i</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-17" name="__codelineno-51-17" href="#__codelineno-51-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">].</span><span class="n">min</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-18" name="__codelineno-51-18" href="#__codelineno-51-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-19" name="__codelineno-51-19" href="#__codelineno-51-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-20" name="__codelineno-51-20" href="#__codelineno-51-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-21" name="__codelineno-51-21" href="#__codelineno-51-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_MAX</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-22" name="__codelineno-51-22" href="#__codelineno-51-22"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
@@ -6195,7 +6112,7 @@ dp[i, a] = \min(dp[i-1, a], dp[i, a - coins[i-1]] + 1)
<p class="admonition-title">Question</p>
<p>Даны <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> видов монет, номинал монеты <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> равен <span class="arithmatex">\(coins[i - 1]\)</span> , а целевая сумма равна <span class="arithmatex">\(amt\)</span> . Монеты каждого вида можно брать многократно. <strong>Найдите число различных комбинаций монет, которыми можно набрать целевую сумму</strong>. Пример показан на рисунке 14-26.</p>
</div>
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_ii_example.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="Пример данных для задачи о размене монет II" class="animation-figure" src="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_ii_example.png" /></a></p>
<p><img alt="Пример данных для задачи о размене монет II" class="animation-figure" src="../unbounded_knapsack_problem.assets/coin_change_ii_example.png" /></p>
<p align="center"> Рисунок 14-26 &nbsp; Пример данных для задачи о размене монет II </p>
<h3 id="1_2">1. &nbsp; Идея динамического программирования<a class="headerlink" href="#1_2" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
@@ -6532,33 +6449,27 @@ dp[i, a] = dp[i-1, a] + dp[i, a - coins[i-1]]
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-2" name="__codelineno-64-2" href="#__codelineno-64-2"></a><span class="cm">File: coin_change_ii.rb</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-3" name="__codelineno-64-3" href="#__codelineno-64-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-05-29</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-4" name="__codelineno-64-4" href="#__codelineno-64-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-5" name="__codelineno-64-5" href="#__codelineno-64-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-6" name="__codelineno-64-6" href="#__codelineno-64-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-64-7" name="__codelineno-64-7" href="#__codelineno-64-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## Размен монет II: динамическое программирование ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-8" name="__codelineno-64-8" href="#__codelineno-64-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coin_change_ii_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-9" name="__codelineno-64-9" href="#__codelineno-64-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-10" name="__codelineno-64-10" href="#__codelineno-64-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-11" name="__codelineno-64-11" href="#__codelineno-64-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-12" name="__codelineno-64-12" href="#__codelineno-64-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация первого столбца</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-13" name="__codelineno-64-13" href="#__codelineno-64-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">each</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-14" name="__codelineno-64-14" href="#__codelineno-64-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-15" name="__codelineno-64-15" href="#__codelineno-64-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-16" name="__codelineno-64-16" href="#__codelineno-64-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-17" name="__codelineno-64-17" href="#__codelineno-64-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-18" name="__codelineno-64-18" href="#__codelineno-64-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Если целевая сумма превышена, монету i не выбирать</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-19" name="__codelineno-64-19" href="#__codelineno-64-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-20" name="__codelineno-64-20" href="#__codelineno-64-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-21" name="__codelineno-64-21" href="#__codelineno-64-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Сумма двух решений: не брать или взять монету i</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-22" name="__codelineno-64-22" href="#__codelineno-64-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-23" name="__codelineno-64-23" href="#__codelineno-64-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-24" name="__codelineno-64-24" href="#__codelineno-64-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-25" name="__codelineno-64-25" href="#__codelineno-64-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-26" name="__codelineno-64-26" href="#__codelineno-64-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-27" name="__codelineno-64-27" href="#__codelineno-64-27"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="c1">### Размен монет II: динамическое программирование ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-2" name="__codelineno-64-2" href="#__codelineno-64-2"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coin_change_ii_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-3" name="__codelineno-64-3" href="#__codelineno-64-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-4" name="__codelineno-64-4" href="#__codelineno-64-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-5" name="__codelineno-64-5" href="#__codelineno-64-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-6" name="__codelineno-64-6" href="#__codelineno-64-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация первого столбца</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-7" name="__codelineno-64-7" href="#__codelineno-64-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">each</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-8" name="__codelineno-64-8" href="#__codelineno-64-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-9" name="__codelineno-64-9" href="#__codelineno-64-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-10" name="__codelineno-64-10" href="#__codelineno-64-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-11" name="__codelineno-64-11" href="#__codelineno-64-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-12" name="__codelineno-64-12" href="#__codelineno-64-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Если целевая сумма превышена, монету i не выбирать</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-13" name="__codelineno-64-13" href="#__codelineno-64-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-14" name="__codelineno-64-14" href="#__codelineno-64-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-15" name="__codelineno-64-15" href="#__codelineno-64-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Сумма двух решений: не брать или взять монету i</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-16" name="__codelineno-64-16" href="#__codelineno-64-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-17" name="__codelineno-64-17" href="#__codelineno-64-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-18" name="__codelineno-64-18" href="#__codelineno-64-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-19" name="__codelineno-64-19" href="#__codelineno-64-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-20" name="__codelineno-64-20" href="#__codelineno-64-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-21" name="__codelineno-64-21" href="#__codelineno-64-21"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
@@ -6850,55 +6761,27 @@ dp[i, a] = dp[i-1, a] + dp[i, a - coins[i-1]]
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-2" name="__codelineno-77-2" href="#__codelineno-77-2"></a><span class="cm">File: coin_change_ii.rb</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-3" name="__codelineno-77-3" href="#__codelineno-77-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-05-29</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-4" name="__codelineno-77-4" href="#__codelineno-77-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-5" name="__codelineno-77-5" href="#__codelineno-77-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-6" name="__codelineno-77-6" href="#__codelineno-77-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-77-7" name="__codelineno-77-7" href="#__codelineno-77-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## Размен монет II: динамическое программирование ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-8" name="__codelineno-77-8" href="#__codelineno-77-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coin_change_ii_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-9" name="__codelineno-77-9" href="#__codelineno-77-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-10" name="__codelineno-77-10" href="#__codelineno-77-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-11" name="__codelineno-77-11" href="#__codelineno-77-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-12" name="__codelineno-77-12" href="#__codelineno-77-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация первого столбца</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-13" name="__codelineno-77-13" href="#__codelineno-77-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">each</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-14" name="__codelineno-77-14" href="#__codelineno-77-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-15" name="__codelineno-77-15" href="#__codelineno-77-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-16" name="__codelineno-77-16" href="#__codelineno-77-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-17" name="__codelineno-77-17" href="#__codelineno-77-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-18" name="__codelineno-77-18" href="#__codelineno-77-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Если целевая сумма превышена, монету i не выбирать</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-19" name="__codelineno-77-19" href="#__codelineno-77-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-20" name="__codelineno-77-20" href="#__codelineno-77-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-21" name="__codelineno-77-21" href="#__codelineno-77-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Сумма двух решений: не брать или взять монету i</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-22" name="__codelineno-77-22" href="#__codelineno-77-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-23" name="__codelineno-77-23" href="#__codelineno-77-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-24" name="__codelineno-77-24" href="#__codelineno-77-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-25" name="__codelineno-77-25" href="#__codelineno-77-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-26" name="__codelineno-77-26" href="#__codelineno-77-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-27" name="__codelineno-77-27" href="#__codelineno-77-27"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-28" name="__codelineno-77-28" href="#__codelineno-77-28"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-77-29" name="__codelineno-77-29" href="#__codelineno-77-29"></a><span class="c1"># ## Размен монет II: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-30" name="__codelineno-77-30" href="#__codelineno-77-30"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coin_change_ii_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-31" name="__codelineno-77-31" href="#__codelineno-77-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-32" name="__codelineno-77-32" href="#__codelineno-77-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-33" name="__codelineno-77-33" href="#__codelineno-77-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-34" name="__codelineno-77-34" href="#__codelineno-77-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-35" name="__codelineno-77-35" href="#__codelineno-77-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-36" name="__codelineno-77-36" href="#__codelineno-77-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-37" name="__codelineno-77-37" href="#__codelineno-77-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Прямой обход</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-38" name="__codelineno-77-38" href="#__codelineno-77-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-39" name="__codelineno-77-39" href="#__codelineno-77-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-40" name="__codelineno-77-40" href="#__codelineno-77-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Если целевая сумма превышена, монету i не выбирать</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-41" name="__codelineno-77-41" href="#__codelineno-77-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-42" name="__codelineno-77-42" href="#__codelineno-77-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-43" name="__codelineno-77-43" href="#__codelineno-77-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Сумма двух решений: не брать или взять монету i</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-44" name="__codelineno-77-44" href="#__codelineno-77-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-45" name="__codelineno-77-45" href="#__codelineno-77-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-46" name="__codelineno-77-46" href="#__codelineno-77-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-47" name="__codelineno-77-47" href="#__codelineno-77-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-48" name="__codelineno-77-48" href="#__codelineno-77-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-49" name="__codelineno-77-49" href="#__codelineno-77-49"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">coin_change_ii.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="c1">### Размен монет II: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-2" name="__codelineno-77-2" href="#__codelineno-77-2"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">coin_change_ii_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-3" name="__codelineno-77-3" href="#__codelineno-77-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-4" name="__codelineno-77-4" href="#__codelineno-77-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-5" name="__codelineno-77-5" href="#__codelineno-77-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-6" name="__codelineno-77-6" href="#__codelineno-77-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-7" name="__codelineno-77-7" href="#__codelineno-77-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-8" name="__codelineno-77-8" href="#__codelineno-77-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-9" name="__codelineno-77-9" href="#__codelineno-77-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Прямой обход</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-10" name="__codelineno-77-10" href="#__codelineno-77-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-11" name="__codelineno-77-11" href="#__codelineno-77-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-12" name="__codelineno-77-12" href="#__codelineno-77-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Если целевая сумма превышена, монету i не выбирать</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-13" name="__codelineno-77-13" href="#__codelineno-77-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-14" name="__codelineno-77-14" href="#__codelineno-77-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-15" name="__codelineno-77-15" href="#__codelineno-77-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Сумма двух решений: не брать или взять монету i</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-16" name="__codelineno-77-16" href="#__codelineno-77-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">coins</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-17" name="__codelineno-77-17" href="#__codelineno-77-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-18" name="__codelineno-77-18" href="#__codelineno-77-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-19" name="__codelineno-77-19" href="#__codelineno-77-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-20" name="__codelineno-77-20" href="#__codelineno-77-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">amt</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-21" name="__codelineno-77-21" href="#__codelineno-77-21"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
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