This commit is contained in:
krahets
2023-07-09 03:02:07 +08:00
parent 92a65e3af9
commit b1544c92ca
5 changed files with 622 additions and 28 deletions
+98 -6
View File
@@ -220,9 +220,36 @@ comments: true
=== "Swift"
```swift title="subset_sum_i_naive.swift"
[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}
/* 回溯算法:子集和 I */
func backtrack(state: inout [Int], target: Int, total: Int, choices: [Int], res: inout [[Int]]) {
// 子集和等于 target 时,记录解
if total == target {
res.append(state)
return
}
// 遍历所有选择
for i in stride(from: 0, to: choices.count, by: 1) {
// 剪枝:若子集和超过 target ,则跳过该选择
if total + choices[i] > target {
continue
}
// 尝试:做出选择,更新元素和 total
state.append(choices[i])
// 进行下一轮选择
backtrack(state: &state, target: target, total: total + choices[i], choices: choices, res: &res)
// 回退:撤销选择,恢复到之前的状态
state.removeLast()
}
}
[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumINaive}
/* 求解子集和 I(包含重复子集) */
func subsetSumINaive(nums: [Int], target: Int) -> [[Int]] {
var state: [Int] = [] // 状态(子集)
let total = 0 // 子集和
var res: [[Int]] = [] // 结果列表(子集列表)
backtrack(state: &state, target: target, total: total, choices: nums, res: &res)
return res
}
```
=== "Zig"
@@ -485,9 +512,39 @@ comments: true
=== "Swift"
```swift title="subset_sum_i.swift"
[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}
/* 回溯算法:子集和 I */
func backtrack(state: inout [Int], target: Int, choices: [Int], start: Int, res: inout [[Int]]) {
// 子集和等于 target 时,记录解
if target == 0 {
res.append(state)
return
}
// 遍历所有选择
// 剪枝二:从 start 开始遍历,避免生成重复子集
for i in stride(from: start, to: choices.count, by: 1) {
// 剪枝一:若子集和超过 target ,则直接结束循环
// 这是因为数组已排序,后边元素更大,子集和一定超过 target
if target - choices[i] < 0 {
break
}
// 尝试:做出选择,更新 target, start
state.append(choices[i])
// 进行下一轮选择
backtrack(state: &state, target: target - choices[i], choices: choices, start: i, res: &res)
// 回退:撤销选择,恢复到之前的状态
state.removeLast()
}
}
[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumI}
/* 求解子集和 I */
func subsetSumI(nums: [Int], target: Int) -> [[Int]] {
var state: [Int] = [] // 状态(子集)
let nums = nums.sorted() // 对 nums 进行排序
let start = 0 // 遍历起始点
var res: [[Int]] = [] // 结果列表(子集列表)
backtrack(state: &state, target: target, choices: nums, start: start, res: &res)
return res
}
```
=== "Zig"
@@ -767,9 +824,44 @@ comments: true
=== "Swift"
```swift title="subset_sum_ii.swift"
[class]{}-[func]{backtrack}
/* 回溯算法:子集和 II */
func backtrack(state: inout [Int], target: Int, choices: [Int], start: Int, res: inout [[Int]]) {
// 子集和等于 target 时,记录解
if target == 0 {
res.append(state)
return
}
// 遍历所有选择
// 剪枝二:从 start 开始遍历,避免生成重复子集
// 剪枝三:从 start 开始遍历,避免重复选择同一元素
for i in stride(from: start, to: choices.count, by: 1) {
// 剪枝一:若子集和超过 target ,则直接结束循环
// 这是因为数组已排序,后边元素更大,子集和一定超过 target
if target - choices[i] < 0 {
break
}
// 剪枝四:如果该元素与左边元素相等,说明该搜索分支重复,直接跳过
if i > start, choices[i] == choices[i - 1] {
continue
}
// 尝试:做出选择,更新 target, start
state.append(choices[i])
// 进行下一轮选择
backtrack(state: &state, target: target - choices[i], choices: choices, start: i + 1, res: &res)
// 回退:撤销选择,恢复到之前的状态
state.removeLast()
}
}
[class]{}-[func]{subsetSumII}
/* 求解子集和 II */
func subsetSumII(nums: [Int], target: Int) -> [[Int]] {
var state: [Int] = [] // 状态(子集)
let nums = nums.sorted() // 对 nums 进行排序
let start = 0 // 遍历起始点
var res: [[Int]] = [] // 结果列表(子集列表)
backtrack(state: &state, target: target, choices: nums, start: start, res: &res)
return res
}
```
=== "Zig"