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<p>「插入排序 Insertion Sort」是一种基于 <strong>数组插入操作</strong> 的排序算法。</p>
<p>「插入操作」原理：选定某个待排序元素为基准数 <code>base</code>，将 <code>base</code> 与其左侧已排序区间元素依次对比大小，并插入到正确位置。</p>
<p>回忆数组插入操作，我们需要将从目标索引到 <code>base</code> 之间的所有元素向右移动一位，然后再将 <code>base</code> 赋值给目标索引。</p>
<p><img alt="insertion_operation" src="../insertion_sort.assets/insertion_operation.png" /></p>
<p align="center"> Fig. 插入操作 </p>
<p><img alt="单次插入操作" src="../insertion_sort.assets/insertion_operation.png" /></p>
<h2 id="1131">11.3.1. &nbsp; 算法流程<a class="headerlink" href="#1131" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<ol>
<li>第 1 轮先选取数组的 <strong>第 2 个元素</strong> 为 <code>base</code> ，执行「插入操作」后，<strong>数组前 2 个元素已完成排序</strong>。</li>
<li>第 2 轮选取 <strong>第 3 个元素</strong> 为 <code>base</code> ，执行「插入操作」后，<strong>数组前 3 个元素已完成排序</strong>。</li>
<li>以此类推……最后一轮选取 <strong>数组尾元素</strong> 为 <code>base</code> ，执行「插入操作」后，<strong>所有元素已完成排序</strong>。</li>
</ol>
<p><img alt="insertion_sort_overview" src="../insertion_sort.assets/insertion_sort_overview.png" /></p>
<p align="center"> Fig. 插入排序流程 </p>
<p><img alt="插入排序流程" src="../insertion_sort.assets/insertion_sort_overview.png" /></p>
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