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hello-algo/codes/swift/chapter_hashing/hash_map_chaining.swift
2023-09-24 20:38:21 +08:00

138 lines
3.6 KiB
Swift

/**
* File: hash_map_chaining.swift
* Created Time: 2023-06-28
* Author: nuomi1 (nuomi1@qq.com)
*/
import utils
/* 链式地址哈希表 */
class HashMapChaining {
var size: Int // 键值对数量
var capacity: Int // 哈希表容量
var loadThres: Double // 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
var extendRatio: Int // 扩容倍数
var buckets: [[Pair]] // 桶数组
/* 构造方法 */
init() {
size = 0
capacity = 4
loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0
extendRatio = 2
buckets = Array(repeating: [], count: capacity)
}
/* 哈希函数 */
func hashFunc(key: Int) -> Int {
key % capacity
}
/* 负载因子 */
func loadFactor() -> Double {
Double(size / capacity)
}
/* 查询操作 */
func get(key: Int) -> String? {
let index = hashFunc(key: key)
let bucket = buckets[index]
// 遍历桶,若找到 key 则返回对应 val
for pair in bucket {
if pair.key == key {
return pair.val
}
}
// 若未找到 key 则返回 nil
return nil
}
/* 添加操作 */
func put(key: Int, val: String) {
// 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
if loadFactor() > loadThres {
extend()
}
let index = hashFunc(key: key)
let bucket = buckets[index]
// 遍历桶,若遇到指定 key ,则更新对应 val 并返回
for pair in bucket {
if pair.key == key {
pair.val = val
return
}
}
// 若无该 key ,则将键值对添加至尾部
let pair = Pair(key: key, val: val)
buckets[index].append(pair)
size += 1
}
/* 删除操作 */
func remove(key: Int) {
let index = hashFunc(key: key)
let bucket = buckets[index]
// 遍历桶,从中删除键值对
for (pairIndex, pair) in bucket.enumerated() {
if pair.key == key {
buckets[index].remove(at: pairIndex)
}
}
size -= 1
}
/* 扩容哈希表 */
func extend() {
// 暂存原哈希表
let bucketsTmp = buckets
// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
capacity *= extendRatio
buckets = Array(repeating: [], count: capacity)
size = 0
// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
for bucket in bucketsTmp {
for pair in bucket {
put(key: pair.key, val: pair.val)
}
}
}
/* 打印哈希表 */
func print() {
for bucket in buckets {
let res = bucket.map { "\($0.key) -> \($0.val)" }
Swift.print(res)
}
}
}
@main
enum _HashMapChaining {
/* Driver Code */
static func main() {
/* 初始化哈希表 */
let map = HashMapChaining()
/* 添加操作 */
// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
map.put(key: 12836, val: "小哈")
map.put(key: 15937, val: "小啰")
map.put(key: 16750, val: "小算")
map.put(key: 13276, val: "小法")
map.put(key: 10583, val: "小鸭")
print("\n添加完成后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
map.print()
/* 查询操作 */
// 向哈希表输入键 key ,得到值 value
let name = map.get(key: 13276)
print("\n输入学号 13276 ,查询到姓名 \(name!)")
/* 删除操作 */
// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
map.remove(key: 12836)
print("\n删除 12836 后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
map.print()
}
}