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hello-algo/codes/swift/chapter_hashing/hash_map_open_addressing.swift
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nuomi1 7359a7cb4b Review Swift codes (#1150)
* feat(swift): review for chapter_computational_complexity

* feat(swift): review for chapter_data_structure

* feat(swift): review for chapter_array_and_linkedlist

* feat(swift): review for chapter_stack_and_queue

* feat(swift): review for chapter_hashing

* feat(swift): review for chapter_tree

* feat(swift): add codes for heap article

* feat(swift): review for chapter_heap

* feat(swift): review for chapter_graph

* feat(swift): review for chapter_searching

* feat(swift): review for chapter_sorting

* feat(swift): review for chapter_divide_and_conquer

* feat(swift): review for chapter_backtracking

* feat(swift): review for chapter_dynamic_programming

* feat(swift): review for chapter_greedy

* feat(swift): review for utils

* feat(swift): update ci tool

* feat(swift): trailing closure

* feat(swift): array init

* feat(swift): map index
2024-03-20 21:15:39 +08:00

165 lines
5.0 KiB
Swift

/**
* File: hash_map_open_addressing.swift
* Created Time: 2023-06-28
* Author: nuomi1 (nuomi1@qq.com)
*/
import utils
/* 开放寻址哈希表 */
class HashMapOpenAddressing {
var size: Int // 键值对数量
var capacity: Int // 哈希表容量
var loadThres: Double // 触发扩容的负载因子阈值
var extendRatio: Int // 扩容倍数
var buckets: [Pair?] // 桶数组
var TOMBSTONE: Pair // 删除标记
/* 构造方法 */
init() {
size = 0
capacity = 4
loadThres = 2.0 / 3.0
extendRatio = 2
buckets = Array(repeating: nil, count: capacity)
TOMBSTONE = Pair(key: -1, val: "-1")
}
/* 哈希函数 */
func hashFunc(key: Int) -> Int {
key % capacity
}
/* 负载因子 */
func loadFactor() -> Double {
Double(size) / Double(capacity)
}
/* 搜索 key 对应的桶索引 */
func findBucket(key: Int) -> Int {
var index = hashFunc(key: key)
var firstTombstone = -1
// 线性探测,当遇到空桶时跳出
while buckets[index] != nil {
// 若遇到 key ,返回对应的桶索引
if buckets[index]!.key == key {
// 若之前遇到了删除标记,则将键值对移动至该索引处
if firstTombstone != -1 {
buckets[firstTombstone] = buckets[index]
buckets[index] = TOMBSTONE
return firstTombstone // 返回移动后的桶索引
}
return index // 返回桶索引
}
// 记录遇到的首个删除标记
if firstTombstone == -1 && buckets[index] == TOMBSTONE {
firstTombstone = index
}
// 计算桶索引,越过尾部则返回头部
index = (index + 1) % capacity
}
// 若 key 不存在,则返回添加点的索引
return firstTombstone == -1 ? index : firstTombstone
}
/* 查询操作 */
func get(key: Int) -> String? {
// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引
let index = findBucket(key: key)
// 若找到键值对,则返回对应 val
if buckets[index] != nil, buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE {
return buckets[index]!.val
}
// 若键值对不存在,则返回 null
return nil
}
/* 添加操作 */
func put(key: Int, val: String) {
// 当负载因子超过阈值时,执行扩容
if loadFactor() > loadThres {
extend()
}
// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引
let index = findBucket(key: key)
// 若找到键值对,则覆盖 val 并返回
if buckets[index] != nil, buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE {
buckets[index]!.val = val
return
}
// 若键值对不存在,则添加该键值对
buckets[index] = Pair(key: key, val: val)
size += 1
}
/* 删除操作 */
func remove(key: Int) {
// 搜索 key 对应的桶索引
let index = findBucket(key: key)
// 若找到键值对,则用删除标记覆盖它
if buckets[index] != nil, buckets[index] != TOMBSTONE {
buckets[index] = TOMBSTONE
size -= 1
}
}
/* 扩容哈希表 */
func extend() {
// 暂存原哈希表
let bucketsTmp = buckets
// 初始化扩容后的新哈希表
capacity *= extendRatio
buckets = Array(repeating: nil, count: capacity)
size = 0
// 将键值对从原哈希表搬运至新哈希表
for pair in bucketsTmp {
if let pair, pair != TOMBSTONE {
put(key: pair.key, val: pair.val)
}
}
}
/* 打印哈希表 */
func print() {
for pair in buckets {
if pair == nil {
Swift.print("null")
} else if pair == TOMBSTONE {
Swift.print("TOMBSTONE")
} else {
Swift.print("\(pair!.key) -> \(pair!.val)")
}
}
}
}
@main
enum _HashMapOpenAddressing {
/* Driver Code */
static func main() {
/* 初始化哈希表 */
let map = HashMapOpenAddressing()
/* 添加操作 */
// 在哈希表中添加键值对 (key, value)
map.put(key: 12836, val: "小哈")
map.put(key: 15937, val: "小啰")
map.put(key: 16750, val: "小算")
map.put(key: 13276, val: "小法")
map.put(key: 10583, val: "小鸭")
print("\n添加完成后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
map.print()
/* 查询操作 */
// 向哈希表中输入键 key ,得到值 value
let name = map.get(key: 13276)
print("\n输入学号 13276 ,查询到姓名 \(name!)")
/* 删除操作 */
// 在哈希表中删除键值对 (key, value)
map.remove(key: 16750)
print("\n删除 16750 后,哈希表为\nKey -> Value")
map.print()
}
}