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Before Starting
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Chapter 0. Preface
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0.2 How to Use This Book
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0.3 Summary
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Chapter 1. Encounter With Algorithms
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1.1 Algorithms Are Everywhere
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1.2 What Is an Algorithm
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Chapter 2. Complexity Analysis
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2.1 Algorithm Efficiency Evaluation
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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2.2 Iteration and Recursion
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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2.3 Time Complexity
|
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|
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|
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|
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</span>
|
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|
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|
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|
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</a>
|
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2.4 Space Complexity
|
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|
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|
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</span>
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|
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|
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|
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</a>
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2.5 Summary
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|
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|
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|
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|
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</a>
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Chapter 4. Array and Linked List
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4.3 List
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4.3.2 List Implementation
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|
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4.4 Memory and Cache *
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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</a>
|
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4.5 Summary
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|
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|
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|
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|
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Chapter 5. Stack and Queue
|
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Chapter 5. Stack and Queue
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5.1 Stack
|
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|
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|
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</span>
|
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|
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|
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|
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</a>
|
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|
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5.2 Queue
|
||
|
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|
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|
||
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|
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|
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|
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|
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</a>
|
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|
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|
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5.3 Double-Ended Queue
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
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|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
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|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19.3 17.89c1.32-2.1.7-4.89-1.41-6.21a4.52 4.52 0 0 0-6.21 1.41C10.36 15.2 11 18 13.09 19.3c1.47.92 3.33.92 4.8 0L21 22.39 22.39 21zm-2-.62c-.98.98-2.56.97-3.54 0-.97-.98-.97-2.56.01-3.54.97-.97 2.55-.97 3.53 0 .96.99.95 2.57-.03 3.54zM19 4H5a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v12a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h5.81a6.3 6.3 0 0 1-1.31-2H5v-4h4.18c.16-.71.43-1.39.82-2H5V8h6v2.81a6.3 6.3 0 0 1 2-1.31V8h6v2a6.499 6.499 0 0 1 2 2V6a2 2 0 0 0-2-2"/></svg>
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Chapter 6. Hashing
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_8" id="__nav_8_label" tabindex="0">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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</label>
|
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|
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</div>
|
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|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_8_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_8">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
|
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Chapter 6. Hashing
|
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|
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|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_map/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6.1 Hash Table
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
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||
|
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|
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|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_collision/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6.2 Hash Collision
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6.3 Hash Algorithm
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_hashing/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
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|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6.4 Summary
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_9" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/" class="md-nav__link ">
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|
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|
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|
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19.5 17c-.14 0-.26 0-.39.04L17.5 13.8c.45-.45.75-1.09.75-1.8a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5-2.5c-.14 0-.25 0-.4.04L13.74 6.3c.47-.46.76-1.09.76-1.8a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-5 0c0 .7.29 1.34.76 1.79L8.65 9.54c-.15-.04-.26-.04-.4-.04a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5 2.5c0 .71.29 1.34.75 1.79l-1.61 3.25C4.76 17 4.64 17 4.5 17a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0 5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 7 19.5c0-.7-.29-1.34-.76-1.79l1.62-3.25c.14.04.26.04.39.04s.25 0 .38-.04l1.63 3.25c-.47.45-.76 1.09-.76 1.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5 0A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 12 17c-.13 0-.26 0-.39.04L10 13.8c.45-.45.75-1.09.75-1.8 0-.7-.29-1.33-.75-1.79l1.61-3.25c.13.04.26.04.39.04s.26 0 .39-.04L14 10.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 1.75 4.29c.13 0 .25 0 .38-.04l1.63 3.25c-.47.45-.76 1.09-.76 1.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5 0 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5-2.5m-15 3.5c-.55 0-1-.45-1-1s.45-1 1-1 1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1m8.5-1c0 .55-.45 1-1 1s-1-.45-1-1 .45-1 1-1 1 .45 1 1M7.25 12c0-.55.45-1 1-1s1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1-1-.45-1-1M11 4.5c0-.55.45-1 1-1s1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1-1-.45-1-1m3.75 7.5c0-.55.45-1 1-1s1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1-1-.45-1-1m4.75 8.5c-.55 0-1-.45-1-1s.45-1 1-1 1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1"/></svg>
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Chapter 7. Tree
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_9" id="__nav_9_label" tabindex="0">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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|
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</div>
|
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|
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_9_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_9">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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|
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|
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Chapter 7. Tree
|
||
|
||
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.1 Binary Tree
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.2 Binary Tree Traversal
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.3 Array Representation of Tree
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.4 Binary Search Tree
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_tree/avl_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.5 AVL Tree *
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_tree/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.6 Summary
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_10" >
|
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|
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|
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_heap/" class="md-nav__link ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 1a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5 2.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 11 5.79V7H7a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 3.5 12 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5 14.29V15H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v1.21A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 .5 20.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 3 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 4 18.21V17h4v1.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5 2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 9 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5-2.29V17a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H7v-.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 8.5 12 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 7 9.71V9h10v.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 15.5 12a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 1.5 2.29V15h-1a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v1.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5 2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 15 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5-2.29V17h4v1.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5 2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 21 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5-2.29V17a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-1v-.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 20.5 12 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 19 9.71V9a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-4V5.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 1.5-2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 12 1m0 1.5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1M6 11a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m12 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1M3 19.5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m6 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m6 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m6 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1"/></svg>
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Chapter 8. Heap
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_10" id="__nav_10_label" tabindex="0">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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</label>
|
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|
||
</div>
|
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|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_10_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_10">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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|
||
|
||
Chapter 8. Heap
|
||
|
||
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_heap/heap/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
8.1 Heap
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_heap/build_heap/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
8.2 Building a Heap
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_heap/top_k/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
8.3 Top-K Problem
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_heap/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
8.4 Summary
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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|
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
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<a href="../../chapter_graph/" class="md-nav__link ">
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12 5.37-.44-.06L6 14.9c.24.21.4.48.47.78h11.06c.07-.3.23-.57.47-.78l-5.56-9.59zM6.6 16.53l4.28 2.53c.29-.27.69-.43 1.12-.43s.83.16 1.12.43l4.28-2.53zM12 22a1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.68-1.68l.09-.56-4.3-2.55c-.31.36-.76.58-1.27.58a1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.68-1.68c0-.79.53-1.45 1.26-1.64V9.36c-.83-.11-1.47-.82-1.47-1.68A1.68 1.68 0 0 1 4.63 6c.55 0 1.03.26 1.34.66l4.41-2.53-.06-.45c0-.93.75-1.68 1.68-1.68s1.68.75 1.68 1.68l-.06.45 4.41 2.53c.31-.4.79-.66 1.34-.66a1.68 1.68 0 0 1 1.68 1.68c0 .86-.64 1.57-1.47 1.68v5.11c.73.19 1.26.85 1.26 1.64a1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.68 1.68c-.51 0-.96-.22-1.27-.58l-4.3 2.55.09.56A1.68 1.68 0 0 1 12 22M10.8 4.86 6.3 7.44l.02.24c0 .71-.44 1.32-1.06 1.57l.03 5.25zm2.4 0 5.51 9.64.03-5.25c-.62-.25-1.06-.86-1.06-1.57l.02-.24z"/></svg>
|
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|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Chapter 9. Graph
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_11" id="__nav_11_label" tabindex="0">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_11_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_11">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Chapter 9. Graph
|
||
|
||
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
9.1 Graph
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_operations/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
9.2 Basic Operations on Graphs
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
9.3 Graph Traversal
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_graph/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
9.4 Summary
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_12" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/" class="md-nav__link ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m19.31 18.9 3.08 3.1L21 23.39l-3.12-3.07c-.69.43-1.51.68-2.38.68-2.5 0-4.5-2-4.5-4.5s2-4.5 4.5-4.5 4.5 2 4.5 4.5c0 .88-.25 1.71-.69 2.4m-3.81.1a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0-5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0 5M21 4v2H3V4zM3 16v-2h6v2zm0-5V9h18v2h-2.03c-1.01-.63-2.2-1-3.47-1s-2.46.37-3.47 1z"/></svg>
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Chapter 10. Searching
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_12" id="__nav_12_label" tabindex="0">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_12_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_12">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Chapter 10. Searching
|
||
|
||
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
10.1 Binary Search
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
10.2 Binary Search Insertion
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
10.3 Binary Search Edge Cases
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
10.4 Hash Optimization Strategy
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
10.5 Search Algorithms Revisited
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
10.6 Summary
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_13" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/" class="md-nav__link ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 17h3l-4 4-4-4h3V3h2M2 17h10v2H2M6 5v2H2V5m0 6h7v2H2z"/></svg>
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Chapter 11. Sorting
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_13" id="__nav_13_label" tabindex="0">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_13_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_13">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Chapter 11. Sorting
|
||
|
||
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.1 Sorting Algorithms
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/selection_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.2 Selection Sort
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.3 Bubble Sort
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.4 Insertion Sort
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/quick_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.5 Quick Sort
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/merge_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.6 Merge Sort
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/heap_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.7 Heap Sort
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.8 Bucket Sort
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/counting_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.9 Counting Sort
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/radix_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.10 Radix Sort
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.11 Summary
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_14" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/" class="md-nav__link ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17 7v2h5V7zM2 9v6h5V9zm10 0v2H9v2h3v2l3-3zm5 2v2h5v-2zm0 4v2h5v-2z"/></svg>
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Chapter 12. Divide and Conquer
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_14" id="__nav_14_label" tabindex="0">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_14_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_14">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Chapter 12. Divide and Conquer
|
||
|
||
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
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|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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|
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|
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12.1 Divide and Conquer Algorithms
|
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|
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</span>
|
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</a>
|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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|
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|
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12.2 Divide and Conquer Search Strategy
|
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</span>
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</a>
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|
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|
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12.3 Building a Binary Tree Problem
|
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|
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</span>
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</a>
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|
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12.4 Hanoi Tower Problem
|
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|
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</span>
|
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|
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|
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|
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</a>
|
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|
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|
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12.5 Summary
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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Chapter 13. Backtracking
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13.1 Backtracking Algorithm
|
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|
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</span>
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|
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|
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|
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</a>
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13.2 Permutations Problem
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</a>
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13.3 Subset-Sum Problem
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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</a>
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13.4 N-Queens Problem
|
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</span>
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</a>
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13.5 Summary
|
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</span>
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Chapter 14. Dynamic Programming
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14.1 Introduction to Dynamic Programming
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|
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</span>
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|
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</a>
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14.2 Characteristics of Dynamic Programming Problems
|
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|
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|
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</a>
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14.3 Dynamic Programming Problem-Solving Approach
|
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|
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|
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|
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</span>
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|
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|
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|
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</a>
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14.4 0-1 Knapsack Problem
|
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|
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|
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|
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</span>
|
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|
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|
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|
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</a>
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14.5 Unbounded Knapsack Problem
|
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|
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|
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</a>
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14.6 Edit Distance Problem
|
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|
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|
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|
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</span>
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|
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|
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|
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</a>
|
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14.7 Summary
|
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|
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|
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|
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</span>
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|
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|
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|
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Chapter 15. Greedy
|
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15.1 Greedy Algorithm
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15.2 Fractional Knapsack Problem
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15.3 Maximum Capacity Problem
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<h1 id="43-list">4.3 List<a class="headerlink" href="#43-list" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h1>
|
||
<p><u>A list</u> is an abstract data structure concept that represents an ordered collection of elements, supporting operations such as element access, modification, insertion, deletion, and traversal, without requiring users to consider capacity limitations. Lists can be implemented based on linked lists or arrays.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>A linked list can naturally be viewed as a list, supporting element insertion, deletion, search, and modification operations, and can flexibly expand dynamically.</li>
|
||
<li>An array also supports element insertion, deletion, search, and modification, but since its length is immutable, it can only be viewed as a list with length limitations.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>When implementing lists using arrays, <strong>the immutable length property reduces the practicality of the list</strong>. This is because we usually cannot determine in advance how much data we need to store, making it difficult to choose an appropriate list length. If the length is too small, it may fail to meet usage requirements; if the length is too large, it will waste memory space.</p>
|
||
<p>To solve this problem, we can use a <u>dynamic array</u> to implement a list. It inherits all the advantages of arrays and can dynamically expand during program execution.</p>
|
||
<p>In fact, <strong>the lists provided in the standard libraries of many programming languages are implemented based on dynamic arrays</strong>, such as <code>list</code> in Python, <code>ArrayList</code> in Java, <code>vector</code> in C++, and <code>List</code> in C#. In the following discussion, we will treat "list" and "dynamic array" as equivalent concepts.</p>
|
||
<h2 id="431-common-list-operations">4.3.1 Common List Operations<a class="headerlink" href="#431-common-list-operations" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<h3 id="1-initialize-a-list">1. Initialize a List<a class="headerlink" href="#1-initialize-a-list" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>We typically use two initialization methods: "without initial values" and "with initial values":</p>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_13" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_1_13">Ruby</label></div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="c1"># Initialize a list</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="c1"># Without initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a><span class="c1"># With initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Initialize a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="c1">// Note that vector in C++ is equivalent to nums as described in this article</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="c1">// Without initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="c1">// With initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Initialize a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="c1">// Without initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o"><></span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="c1">// With initial values (note that array elements should use the wrapper class Integer[] instead of int[])</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numbers</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o"><></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Arrays</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">asList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">numbers</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Initialize a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="c1">// Without initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="c1">// With initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numbers</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[..</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numbers</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list_test.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Initialize a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="c1">// Without initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="nx">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">{}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="c1">// With initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Initialize a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="c1">// Without initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nums1</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a><span class="c1">// With initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Initialize a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="c1">// Without initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="c1">// With initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">4</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Initialize a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="c1">// Without initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums1</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="c1">// With initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">4</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Initialize a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="c1">// Without initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="c1">// With initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Initialize a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="c1">// Without initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="c1">// With initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="c1">// C does not provide built-in dynamic arrays</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Initialize a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="c1">// Without initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">listOf</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="c1">// With initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">numbers</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrayOf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numbers</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">toMutableList</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="c1"># Initialize a list</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="c1"># Without initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a><span class="c1"># With initial values</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<details class="pythontutor">
|
||
<summary>Code Visualization</summary>
|
||
<p><div style="height: 315px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%97%A0%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%80%BC%0A%20%20%20%20nums1%20%3D%20%5B%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%9C%89%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%80%BC%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1,%203,%202,%205,%204%5D&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=4&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
|
||
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%97%A0%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%80%BC%0A%20%20%20%20nums1%20%3D%20%5B%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%9C%89%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%80%BC%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1,%203,%202,%205,%204%5D&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=4&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Full Screen ></a></div></p>
|
||
</details>
|
||
<h3 id="2-access-elements">2. Access Elements<a class="headerlink" href="#2-access-elements" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>Since a list is essentially an array, we can access and update elements in <span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span> time complexity, which is very efficient.</p>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_13" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_2_13">Ruby</label></div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="c1"># Access an element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="c1"># Access element at index 1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a><span class="c1"># Update an element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1"># Update element at index 1 to 0</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Access an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Access element at index 1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Update an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update element at index 1 to 0</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Access an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Access element at index 1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Update an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update element at index 1 to 0</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Access an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Access element at index 1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Update an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update element at index 1 to 0</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list_test.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Access an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Access element at index 1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Update an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update element at index 1 to 0</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Access an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Access element at index 1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Update an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update element at index 1 to 0</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Access an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Access element at index 1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Update an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update element at index 1 to 0</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Access an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Access element at index 1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Update an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update element at index 1 to 0</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Access an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Access element at index 1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Update an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update element at index 1 to 0</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Access an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Access element at index 1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="cm">/* Update an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update element at index 1 to 0</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="c1">// C does not provide built-in dynamic arrays</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Access an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Access element at index 1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a><span class="cm">/* Update an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update element at index 1 to 0</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="c1"># Access an element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Access element at index 1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="c1"># Update an element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Update element at index 1 to 0</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<details class="pythontutor">
|
||
<summary>Code Visualization</summary>
|
||
<p><div style="height: 369px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1,%203,%202,%205,%204%5D%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E8%AE%BF%E9%97%AE%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%0A%20%20%20%20num%20%3D%20nums%5B1%5D%20%20%23%20%E8%AE%BF%E9%97%AE%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95%201%20%E5%A4%84%E7%9A%84%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%0A%20%20%20%20nums%5B1%5D%20%3D%200%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%B0%86%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95%201%20%E5%A4%84%E7%9A%84%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%BA%200&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=3&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
|
||
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1,%203,%202,%205,%204%5D%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E8%AE%BF%E9%97%AE%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%0A%20%20%20%20num%20%3D%20nums%5B1%5D%20%20%23%20%E8%AE%BF%E9%97%AE%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95%201%20%E5%A4%84%E7%9A%84%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%0A%20%20%20%20nums%5B1%5D%20%3D%200%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%B0%86%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95%201%20%E5%A4%84%E7%9A%84%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%BA%200&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=3&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Full Screen ></a></div></p>
|
||
</details>
|
||
<h3 id="3-insert-and-delete-elements">3. Insert and Delete Elements<a class="headerlink" href="#3-insert-and-delete-elements" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>Compared to arrays, lists can freely add and delete elements. Adding an element at the end of a list has a time complexity of <span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span>, but inserting and deleting elements still have the same efficiency as arrays, with a time complexity of <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span>.</p>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_13" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_3_13">Ruby</label></div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="c1"># Clear the list</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">clear</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a><span class="c1"># Add elements at the end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a><span class="c1"># Insert an element in the middle</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># Insert number 6 at index 3</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a><span class="c1"># Delete an element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-15" name="__codelineno-26-15" href="#__codelineno-26-15"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># Delete element at index 3</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Clear the list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clear</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="cm">/* Insert an element in the middle */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Insert number 6 at index 3</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="cm">/* Delete an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">erase</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Delete element at index 3</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Clear the list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">clear</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="cm">/* Insert an element in the middle */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Insert number 6 at index 3</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="cm">/* Delete an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Delete element at index 3</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Clear the list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Clear</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a><span class="cm">/* Insert an element in the middle */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Insert number 6 at index 3</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a><span class="cm">/* Delete an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">RemoveAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Delete element at index 3</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list_test.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Clear the list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="cm">/* Insert an element in the middle */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">:]</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Insert number 6 at index 3</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a><span class="cm">/* Delete an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">:]</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Delete element at index 3</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Clear the list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">removeAll</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="cm">/* Insert an element in the middle */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">at</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Insert number 6 at index 3</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a><span class="cm">/* Delete an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">at</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Delete element at index 3</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Clear the list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a><span class="cm">/* Insert an element in the middle */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">6</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Insert number 6 at index 3</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="cm">/* Delete an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Delete element at index 3</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Clear the list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a><span class="cm">/* Insert an element in the middle */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">6</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Insert number 6 at index 3</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-14" name="__codelineno-33-14" href="#__codelineno-33-14"></a><span class="cm">/* Delete an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-15" name="__codelineno-33-15" href="#__codelineno-33-15"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">splice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Delete element at index 3</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Clear the list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clear</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-10" name="__codelineno-34-10" href="#__codelineno-34-10"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-11" name="__codelineno-34-11" href="#__codelineno-34-11"></a><span class="cm">/* Insert an element in the middle */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-12" name="__codelineno-34-12" href="#__codelineno-34-12"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">6</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Insert number 6 at index 3</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-13" name="__codelineno-34-13" href="#__codelineno-34-13"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-14" name="__codelineno-34-14" href="#__codelineno-34-14"></a><span class="cm">/* Delete an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-15" name="__codelineno-34-15" href="#__codelineno-34-15"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeAt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Delete element at index 3</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Clear the list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clear</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-8" name="__codelineno-35-8" href="#__codelineno-35-8"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-9" name="__codelineno-35-9" href="#__codelineno-35-9"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-10" name="__codelineno-35-10" href="#__codelineno-35-10"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-11" name="__codelineno-35-11" href="#__codelineno-35-11"></a><span class="cm">/* Insert an element in the middle */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-12" name="__codelineno-35-12" href="#__codelineno-35-12"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Insert number 6 at index 3</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-13" name="__codelineno-35-13" href="#__codelineno-35-13"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-14" name="__codelineno-35-14" href="#__codelineno-35-14"></a><span class="cm">/* Delete an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-15" name="__codelineno-35-15" href="#__codelineno-35-15"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Delete element at index 3</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="c1">// C does not provide built-in dynamic arrays</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Clear the list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">clear</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-4" name="__codelineno-37-4" href="#__codelineno-37-4"></a><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-5" name="__codelineno-37-5" href="#__codelineno-37-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-6" name="__codelineno-37-6" href="#__codelineno-37-6"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-7" name="__codelineno-37-7" href="#__codelineno-37-7"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-8" name="__codelineno-37-8" href="#__codelineno-37-8"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">5</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-9" name="__codelineno-37-9" href="#__codelineno-37-9"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-10" name="__codelineno-37-10" href="#__codelineno-37-10"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-11" name="__codelineno-37-11" href="#__codelineno-37-11"></a><span class="cm">/* Insert an element in the middle */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-12" name="__codelineno-37-12" href="#__codelineno-37-12"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">6</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Insert number 6 at index 3</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-13" name="__codelineno-37-13" href="#__codelineno-37-13"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-14" name="__codelineno-37-14" href="#__codelineno-37-14"></a><span class="cm">/* Delete an element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-15" name="__codelineno-37-15" href="#__codelineno-37-15"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Delete element at index 3</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="c1"># Clear the list</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">clear</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="c1"># Add elements at the end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-8" name="__codelineno-38-8" href="#__codelineno-38-8"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-9" name="__codelineno-38-9" href="#__codelineno-38-9"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-10" name="__codelineno-38-10" href="#__codelineno-38-10"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-11" name="__codelineno-38-11" href="#__codelineno-38-11"></a><span class="c1"># Insert an element in the middle</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-12" name="__codelineno-38-12" href="#__codelineno-38-12"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Insert number 6 at index 3</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-13" name="__codelineno-38-13" href="#__codelineno-38-13"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-14" name="__codelineno-38-14" href="#__codelineno-38-14"></a><span class="c1"># Delete an element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-15" name="__codelineno-38-15" href="#__codelineno-38-15"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">delete_at</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Delete element at index 3</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<details class="pythontutor">
|
||
<summary>Code Visualization</summary>
|
||
<p><div style="height: 549px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%9C%89%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%80%BC%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1,%203,%202,%205,%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%B8%85%E7%A9%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%0A%20%20%20%20nums.clear%28%29%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%9C%A8%E5%B0%BE%E9%83%A8%E6%B7%BB%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%0A%20%20%20%20nums.append%281%29%0A%20%20%20%20nums.append%283%29%0A%20%20%20%20nums.append%282%29%0A%20%20%20%20nums.append%285%29%0A%20%20%20%20nums.append%284%29%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%AD%E9%97%B4%E6%8F%92%E5%85%A5%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%0A%20%20%20%20nums.insert%283,%206%29%20%20%23%20%E5%9C%A8%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95%203%20%E5%A4%84%E6%8F%92%E5%85%A5%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%206%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%88%A0%E9%99%A4%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%0A%20%20%20%20nums.pop%283%29%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%88%A0%E9%99%A4%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95%203%20%E5%A4%84%E7%9A%84%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=3&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
|
||
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%9C%89%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%80%BC%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1,%203,%202,%205,%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%B8%85%E7%A9%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%0A%20%20%20%20nums.clear%28%29%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%9C%A8%E5%B0%BE%E9%83%A8%E6%B7%BB%E5%8A%A0%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%0A%20%20%20%20nums.append%281%29%0A%20%20%20%20nums.append%283%29%0A%20%20%20%20nums.append%282%29%0A%20%20%20%20nums.append%285%29%0A%20%20%20%20nums.append%284%29%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%AD%E9%97%B4%E6%8F%92%E5%85%A5%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%0A%20%20%20%20nums.insert%283,%206%29%20%20%23%20%E5%9C%A8%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95%203%20%E5%A4%84%E6%8F%92%E5%85%A5%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%206%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%88%A0%E9%99%A4%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%0A%20%20%20%20nums.pop%283%29%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%88%A0%E9%99%A4%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95%203%20%E5%A4%84%E7%9A%84%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=3&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Full Screen ></a></div></p>
|
||
</details>
|
||
<h3 id="4-traverse-a-list">4. Traverse a List<a class="headerlink" href="#4-traverse-a-list" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>Like arrays, lists can be traversed by index or by directly iterating through elements.</p>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="4:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_4_1" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_2" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_3" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_4" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_5" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_6" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_7" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_8" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_9" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_10" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_11" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_12" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_13" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_4_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_4_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_4_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_4_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_4_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_4_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_4_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_4_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_4_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_4_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_4_13">Ruby</label></div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="c1"># Traverse the list by index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-39-2" name="__codelineno-39-2" href="#__codelineno-39-2"></a><span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-39-3" name="__codelineno-39-3" href="#__codelineno-39-3"></a><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-39-4" name="__codelineno-39-4" href="#__codelineno-39-4"></a> <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-39-5" name="__codelineno-39-5" href="#__codelineno-39-5"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-39-6" name="__codelineno-39-6" href="#__codelineno-39-6"></a><span class="c1"># Traverse list elements directly</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-39-7" name="__codelineno-39-7" href="#__codelineno-39-7"></a><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-39-8" name="__codelineno-39-8" href="#__codelineno-39-8"></a> <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse the list by index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-40-4" name="__codelineno-40-4" href="#__codelineno-40-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-40-5" name="__codelineno-40-5" href="#__codelineno-40-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-40-6" name="__codelineno-40-6" href="#__codelineno-40-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-40-7" name="__codelineno-40-7" href="#__codelineno-40-7"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse list elements directly */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-40-8" name="__codelineno-40-8" href="#__codelineno-40-8"></a><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-40-9" name="__codelineno-40-9" href="#__codelineno-40-9"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-40-10" name="__codelineno-40-10" href="#__codelineno-40-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-40-11" name="__codelineno-40-11" href="#__codelineno-40-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse the list by index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-41-4" name="__codelineno-41-4" href="#__codelineno-41-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-41-5" name="__codelineno-41-5" href="#__codelineno-41-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-41-6" name="__codelineno-41-6" href="#__codelineno-41-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-41-7" name="__codelineno-41-7" href="#__codelineno-41-7"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse list elements directly */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-41-8" name="__codelineno-41-8" href="#__codelineno-41-8"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-41-9" name="__codelineno-41-9" href="#__codelineno-41-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-41-10" name="__codelineno-41-10" href="#__codelineno-41-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse the list by index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-42-5" name="__codelineno-42-5" href="#__codelineno-42-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-42-7" name="__codelineno-42-7" href="#__codelineno-42-7"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse list elements directly */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-42-8" name="__codelineno-42-8" href="#__codelineno-42-8"></a><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-42-9" name="__codelineno-42-9" href="#__codelineno-42-9"></a><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-42-10" name="__codelineno-42-10" href="#__codelineno-42-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-42-11" name="__codelineno-42-11" href="#__codelineno-42-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list_test.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse the list by index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-43-4" name="__codelineno-43-4" href="#__codelineno-43-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-43-5" name="__codelineno-43-5" href="#__codelineno-43-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-43-6" name="__codelineno-43-6" href="#__codelineno-43-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-43-7" name="__codelineno-43-7" href="#__codelineno-43-7"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse list elements directly */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-43-8" name="__codelineno-43-8" href="#__codelineno-43-8"></a><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-43-9" name="__codelineno-43-9" href="#__codelineno-43-9"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-43-10" name="__codelineno-43-10" href="#__codelineno-43-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-43-11" name="__codelineno-43-11" href="#__codelineno-43-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse the list by index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-44-4" name="__codelineno-44-4" href="#__codelineno-44-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-44-5" name="__codelineno-44-5" href="#__codelineno-44-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-44-6" name="__codelineno-44-6" href="#__codelineno-44-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-44-7" name="__codelineno-44-7" href="#__codelineno-44-7"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse list elements directly */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-44-8" name="__codelineno-44-8" href="#__codelineno-44-8"></a><span class="bp">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-44-9" name="__codelineno-44-9" href="#__codelineno-44-9"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-44-10" name="__codelineno-44-10" href="#__codelineno-44-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-44-11" name="__codelineno-44-11" href="#__codelineno-44-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse the list by index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-45-4" name="__codelineno-45-4" href="#__codelineno-45-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-45-5" name="__codelineno-45-5" href="#__codelineno-45-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-45-6" name="__codelineno-45-6" href="#__codelineno-45-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-45-7" name="__codelineno-45-7" href="#__codelineno-45-7"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse list elements directly */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-45-8" name="__codelineno-45-8" href="#__codelineno-45-8"></a><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-45-9" name="__codelineno-45-9" href="#__codelineno-45-9"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-45-10" name="__codelineno-45-10" href="#__codelineno-45-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-45-11" name="__codelineno-45-11" href="#__codelineno-45-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse the list by index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-46-2" name="__codelineno-46-2" href="#__codelineno-46-2"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-46-3" name="__codelineno-46-3" href="#__codelineno-46-3"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-46-4" name="__codelineno-46-4" href="#__codelineno-46-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-46-5" name="__codelineno-46-5" href="#__codelineno-46-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-46-6" name="__codelineno-46-6" href="#__codelineno-46-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-46-7" name="__codelineno-46-7" href="#__codelineno-46-7"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse list elements directly */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-46-8" name="__codelineno-46-8" href="#__codelineno-46-8"></a><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-46-9" name="__codelineno-46-9" href="#__codelineno-46-9"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-46-10" name="__codelineno-46-10" href="#__codelineno-46-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-46-11" name="__codelineno-46-11" href="#__codelineno-46-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse the list by index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-47-2" name="__codelineno-47-2" href="#__codelineno-47-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-47-3" name="__codelineno-47-3" href="#__codelineno-47-3"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-47-4" name="__codelineno-47-4" href="#__codelineno-47-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-47-5" name="__codelineno-47-5" href="#__codelineno-47-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-47-6" name="__codelineno-47-6" href="#__codelineno-47-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-47-7" name="__codelineno-47-7" href="#__codelineno-47-7"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse list elements directly */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-47-8" name="__codelineno-47-8" href="#__codelineno-47-8"></a><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-47-9" name="__codelineno-47-9" href="#__codelineno-47-9"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-47-10" name="__codelineno-47-10" href="#__codelineno-47-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-47-11" name="__codelineno-47-11" href="#__codelineno-47-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="c1">// Traverse the list by index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-48-3" name="__codelineno-48-3" href="#__codelineno-48-3"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-48-4" name="__codelineno-48-4" href="#__codelineno-48-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-48-5" name="__codelineno-48-5" href="#__codelineno-48-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-48-6" name="__codelineno-48-6" href="#__codelineno-48-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-48-7" name="__codelineno-48-7" href="#__codelineno-48-7"></a><span class="c1">// Traverse list elements directly</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-48-8" name="__codelineno-48-8" href="#__codelineno-48-8"></a><span class="n">_count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-48-9" name="__codelineno-48-9" href="#__codelineno-48-9"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-48-10" name="__codelineno-48-10" href="#__codelineno-48-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-48-11" name="__codelineno-48-11" href="#__codelineno-48-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="c1">// C does not provide built-in dynamic arrays</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse the list by index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-50-2" name="__codelineno-50-2" href="#__codelineno-50-2"></a><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-50-3" name="__codelineno-50-3" href="#__codelineno-50-3"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">indices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-50-4" name="__codelineno-50-4" href="#__codelineno-50-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-50-5" name="__codelineno-50-5" href="#__codelineno-50-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-50-6" name="__codelineno-50-6" href="#__codelineno-50-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-50-7" name="__codelineno-50-7" href="#__codelineno-50-7"></a><span class="cm">/* Traverse list elements directly */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-50-8" name="__codelineno-50-8" href="#__codelineno-50-8"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-50-9" name="__codelineno-50-9" href="#__codelineno-50-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-50-10" name="__codelineno-50-10" href="#__codelineno-50-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="c1"># Traverse the list by index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-4" name="__codelineno-51-4" href="#__codelineno-51-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-5" name="__codelineno-51-5" href="#__codelineno-51-5"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-6" name="__codelineno-51-6" href="#__codelineno-51-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-7" name="__codelineno-51-7" href="#__codelineno-51-7"></a><span class="c1"># Traverse list elements directly</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-8" name="__codelineno-51-8" href="#__codelineno-51-8"></a><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-9" name="__codelineno-51-9" href="#__codelineno-51-9"></a><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-10" name="__codelineno-51-10" href="#__codelineno-51-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-11" name="__codelineno-51-11" href="#__codelineno-51-11"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<details class="pythontutor">
|
||
<summary>Code Visualization</summary>
|
||
<p><div style="height: 423px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1,%203,%202,%205,%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E9%80%9A%E8%BF%87%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95%E9%81%8D%E5%8E%86%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%0A%20%20%20%20count%20%3D%200%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%28len%28nums%29%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20count%20%2B%3D%20nums%5Bi%5D%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E9%81%8D%E5%8E%86%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%0A%20%20%20%20for%20num%20in%20nums%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20count%20%2B%3D%20num&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=3&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
|
||
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1,%203,%202,%205,%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E9%80%9A%E8%BF%87%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95%E9%81%8D%E5%8E%86%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%0A%20%20%20%20count%20%3D%200%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%28len%28nums%29%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20count%20%2B%3D%20nums%5Bi%5D%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E9%81%8D%E5%8E%86%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%0A%20%20%20%20for%20num%20in%20nums%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20count%20%2B%3D%20num&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=3&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Full Screen ></a></div></p>
|
||
</details>
|
||
<h3 id="5-concatenate-lists">5. Concatenate Lists<a class="headerlink" href="#5-concatenate-lists" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>Given a new list <code>nums1</code>, we can concatenate it to the end of the original list.</p>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_11" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_12" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_13" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_5_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_5_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_5_13">Ruby</label></div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="c1"># Concatenate two lists</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-52-2" name="__codelineno-52-2" href="#__codelineno-52-2"></a><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-52-3" name="__codelineno-52-3" href="#__codelineno-52-3"></a><span class="n">nums</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">nums1</span> <span class="c1"># Concatenate list nums1 to the end of nums</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Concatenate two lists */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-53-2" name="__codelineno-53-2" href="#__codelineno-53-2"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-53-3" name="__codelineno-53-3" href="#__codelineno-53-3"></a><span class="c1">// Concatenate list nums1 to the end of nums</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-53-4" name="__codelineno-53-4" href="#__codelineno-53-4"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">end</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">end</span><span class="p">());</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Concatenate two lists */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-54-2" name="__codelineno-54-2" href="#__codelineno-54-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o"><></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Arrays</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">asList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}));</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-54-3" name="__codelineno-54-3" href="#__codelineno-54-3"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">addAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Concatenate list nums1 to the end of nums</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Concatenate two lists */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-55-2" name="__codelineno-55-2" href="#__codelineno-55-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-55-3" name="__codelineno-55-3" href="#__codelineno-55-3"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">AddRange</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Concatenate list nums1 to the end of nums</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list_test.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Concatenate two lists */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-2" name="__codelineno-56-2" href="#__codelineno-56-2"></a><span class="nx">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-3" name="__codelineno-56-3" href="#__codelineno-56-3"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums1</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Concatenate list nums1 to the end of nums</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Concatenate two lists */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-2" name="__codelineno-57-2" href="#__codelineno-57-2"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-3" name="__codelineno-57-3" href="#__codelineno-57-3"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">contentsOf</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Concatenate list nums1 to the end of nums</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Concatenate two lists */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-58-2" name="__codelineno-58-2" href="#__codelineno-58-2"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">6</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">8</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">9</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-58-3" name="__codelineno-58-3" href="#__codelineno-58-3"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(...</span><span class="nx">nums1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Concatenate list nums1 to the end of nums</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Concatenate two lists */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-59-2" name="__codelineno-59-2" href="#__codelineno-59-2"></a><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums1</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">6</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">8</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">9</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-59-3" name="__codelineno-59-3" href="#__codelineno-59-3"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(...</span><span class="nx">nums1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Concatenate list nums1 to the end of nums</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Concatenate two lists */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-2" name="__codelineno-60-2" href="#__codelineno-60-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">6</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">8</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">9</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-3" name="__codelineno-60-3" href="#__codelineno-60-3"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">addAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Concatenate list nums1 to the end of nums</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Concatenate two lists */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-61-2" name="__codelineno-61-2" href="#__codelineno-61-2"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-61-3" name="__codelineno-61-3" href="#__codelineno-61-3"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="c1">// C does not provide built-in dynamic arrays</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Concatenate two lists */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-63-2" name="__codelineno-63-2" href="#__codelineno-63-2"></a><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">intArrayOf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">6</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">8</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">9</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="na">toMutableList</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-63-3" name="__codelineno-63-3" href="#__codelineno-63-3"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">addAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Concatenate list nums1 to the end of nums</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="c1"># Concatenate two lists</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-2" name="__codelineno-64-2" href="#__codelineno-64-2"></a><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-3" name="__codelineno-64-3" href="#__codelineno-64-3"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums1</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<details class="pythontutor">
|
||
<summary>Code Visualization</summary>
|
||
<p><div style="height: 333px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1,%203,%202,%205,%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%8B%BC%E6%8E%A5%E4%B8%A4%E4%B8%AA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%0A%20%20%20%20nums1%20%3D%20%5B6,%208,%207,%2010,%209%5D%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%2B%3D%20nums1%20%20%23%20%E5%B0%86%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%20nums1%20%E6%8B%BC%E6%8E%A5%E5%88%B0%20nums%20%E4%B9%8B%E5%90%8E&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=3&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
|
||
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1,%203,%202,%205,%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%8B%BC%E6%8E%A5%E4%B8%A4%E4%B8%AA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%0A%20%20%20%20nums1%20%3D%20%5B6,%208,%207,%2010,%209%5D%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%2B%3D%20nums1%20%20%23%20%E5%B0%86%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%20nums1%20%E6%8B%BC%E6%8E%A5%E5%88%B0%20nums%20%E4%B9%8B%E5%90%8E&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=3&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Full Screen ></a></div></p>
|
||
</details>
|
||
<h3 id="6-sort-a-list">6. Sort a List<a class="headerlink" href="#6-sort-a-list" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>After sorting a list, we can use "binary search" and "two-pointer" algorithms, which are frequently tested in array algorithm problems.</p>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="6:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_6_1" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_2" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_3" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_4" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_5" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_6" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_7" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_8" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_9" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_10" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_11" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_12" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_13" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_6_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_6_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_6_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_6_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_6_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_6_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_6_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_6_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_6_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_6_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_6_13">Ruby</label></div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="c1"># Sort a list</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-65-2" name="__codelineno-65-2" href="#__codelineno-65-2"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c1"># After sorting, list elements are arranged from smallest to largest</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Sort a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-66-2" name="__codelineno-66-2" href="#__codelineno-66-2"></a><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">begin</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">end</span><span class="p">());</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// After sorting, list elements are arranged from smallest to largest</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Sort a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-67-2" name="__codelineno-67-2" href="#__codelineno-67-2"></a><span class="n">Collections</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">sort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// After sorting, list elements are arranged from smallest to largest</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Sort a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-68-2" name="__codelineno-68-2" href="#__codelineno-68-2"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Sort</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// After sorting, list elements are arranged from smallest to largest</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list_test.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Sort a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-69-2" name="__codelineno-69-2" href="#__codelineno-69-2"></a><span class="nx">sort</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Ints</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// After sorting, list elements are arranged from smallest to largest</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-70-1" name="__codelineno-70-1" href="#__codelineno-70-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Sort a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-70-2" name="__codelineno-70-2" href="#__codelineno-70-2"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">sort</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// After sorting, list elements are arranged from smallest to largest</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-71-1" name="__codelineno-71-1" href="#__codelineno-71-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Sort a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-71-2" name="__codelineno-71-2" href="#__codelineno-71-2"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">sort</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// After sorting, list elements are arranged from smallest to largest</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-72-1" name="__codelineno-72-1" href="#__codelineno-72-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Sort a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-72-2" name="__codelineno-72-2" href="#__codelineno-72-2"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">sort</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// After sorting, list elements are arranged from smallest to largest</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-73-1" name="__codelineno-73-1" href="#__codelineno-73-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Sort a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-73-2" name="__codelineno-73-2" href="#__codelineno-73-2"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// After sorting, list elements are arranged from smallest to largest</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-74-1" name="__codelineno-74-1" href="#__codelineno-74-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Sort a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-74-2" name="__codelineno-74-2" href="#__codelineno-74-2"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// After sorting, list elements are arranged from smallest to largest</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-75-1" name="__codelineno-75-1" href="#__codelineno-75-1"></a><span class="c1">// C does not provide built-in dynamic arrays</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-76-1" name="__codelineno-76-1" href="#__codelineno-76-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Sort a list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-76-2" name="__codelineno-76-2" href="#__codelineno-76-2"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">sort</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// After sorting, list elements are arranged from smallest to largest</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">list.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="c1"># Sort a list</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-2" name="__codelineno-77-2" href="#__codelineno-77-2"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># After sorting, list elements are arranged from smallest to largest</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<details class="pythontutor">
|
||
<summary>Code Visualization</summary>
|
||
<p><div style="height: 315px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1,%203,%202,%205,%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%8E%92%E5%BA%8F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%0A%20%20%20%20nums.sort%28%29%20%20%23%20%E6%8E%92%E5%BA%8F%E5%90%8E%EF%BC%8C%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E4%BB%8E%E5%B0%8F%E5%88%B0%E5%A4%A7%E6%8E%92%E5%88%97&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=3&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
|
||
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|
||
</details>
|
||
<h2 id="432-list-implementation">4.3.2 List Implementation<a class="headerlink" href="#432-list-implementation" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>Many programming languages have built-in lists, such as Java, C++, and Python. Their implementations are quite complex, and the parameters are carefully considered, such as initial capacity, expansion multiples, and so on. Interested readers can consult the source code to learn more.</p>
|
||
<p>To deepen our understanding of how lists work, we attempt to implement a simple list with three key design considerations:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>Initial capacity</strong>: Select a reasonable initial capacity for the underlying array. In this example, we choose 10 as the initial capacity.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Size tracking</strong>: Declare a variable <code>size</code> to record the current number of elements in the list and update it in real-time as elements are inserted and deleted. Based on this variable, we can locate the end of the list and determine whether expansion is needed.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Expansion mechanism</strong>: When the list capacity is full upon inserting an element, we need to expand. We create a larger array based on the expansion multiple and then move all elements from the current array to the new array in order. In this example, we specify that the array should be expanded to 2 times its previous size each time.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
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|
||
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-78-1" name="__codelineno-78-1" href="#__codelineno-78-1"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">MyList</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-2" name="__codelineno-78-2" href="#__codelineno-78-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""List class"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-3" name="__codelineno-78-3" href="#__codelineno-78-3"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-4" name="__codelineno-78-4" href="#__codelineno-78-4"></a> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-5" name="__codelineno-78-5" href="#__codelineno-78-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Constructor"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-6" name="__codelineno-78-6" href="#__codelineno-78-6"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">10</span> <span class="c1"># List capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-7" name="__codelineno-78-7" href="#__codelineno-78-7"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_capacity</span> <span class="c1"># Array (stores list elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-8" name="__codelineno-78-8" href="#__codelineno-78-8"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1"># List length (current number of elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-9" name="__codelineno-78-9" href="#__codelineno-78-9"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_extend_ratio</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="c1"># Multiple by which the list capacity is extended each time</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-10" name="__codelineno-78-10" href="#__codelineno-78-10"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-11" name="__codelineno-78-11" href="#__codelineno-78-11"></a> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-12" name="__codelineno-78-12" href="#__codelineno-78-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Get list length (current number of elements)"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-13" name="__codelineno-78-13" href="#__codelineno-78-13"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_size</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-14" name="__codelineno-78-14" href="#__codelineno-78-14"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-15" name="__codelineno-78-15" href="#__codelineno-78-15"></a> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-16" name="__codelineno-78-16" href="#__codelineno-78-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Get list capacity"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-17" name="__codelineno-78-17" href="#__codelineno-78-17"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-18" name="__codelineno-78-18" href="#__codelineno-78-18"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-19" name="__codelineno-78-19" href="#__codelineno-78-19"></a> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-20" name="__codelineno-78-20" href="#__codelineno-78-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Access element"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-21" name="__codelineno-78-21" href="#__codelineno-78-21"></a> <span class="c1"># If the index is out of bounds, throw an exception, as below</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-22" name="__codelineno-78-22" href="#__codelineno-78-22"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">>=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-23" name="__codelineno-78-23" href="#__codelineno-78-23"></a> <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-24" name="__codelineno-78-24" href="#__codelineno-78-24"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-25" name="__codelineno-78-25" href="#__codelineno-78-25"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-26" name="__codelineno-78-26" href="#__codelineno-78-26"></a> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-27" name="__codelineno-78-27" href="#__codelineno-78-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Update element"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-28" name="__codelineno-78-28" href="#__codelineno-78-28"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">>=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-29" name="__codelineno-78-29" href="#__codelineno-78-29"></a> <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-30" name="__codelineno-78-30" href="#__codelineno-78-30"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-31" name="__codelineno-78-31" href="#__codelineno-78-31"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-32" name="__codelineno-78-32" href="#__codelineno-78-32"></a> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-33" name="__codelineno-78-33" href="#__codelineno-78-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Add element at the end"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-34" name="__codelineno-78-34" href="#__codelineno-78-34"></a> <span class="c1"># When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-35" name="__codelineno-78-35" href="#__codelineno-78-35"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">():</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-36" name="__codelineno-78-36" href="#__codelineno-78-36"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend_capacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-37" name="__codelineno-78-37" href="#__codelineno-78-37"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-38" name="__codelineno-78-38" href="#__codelineno-78-38"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-39" name="__codelineno-78-39" href="#__codelineno-78-39"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-40" name="__codelineno-78-40" href="#__codelineno-78-40"></a> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-41" name="__codelineno-78-41" href="#__codelineno-78-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Insert element in the middle"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-42" name="__codelineno-78-42" href="#__codelineno-78-42"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">>=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-43" name="__codelineno-78-43" href="#__codelineno-78-43"></a> <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-44" name="__codelineno-78-44" href="#__codelineno-78-44"></a> <span class="c1"># When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-45" name="__codelineno-78-45" href="#__codelineno-78-45"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">():</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-46" name="__codelineno-78-46" href="#__codelineno-78-46"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend_capacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-47" name="__codelineno-78-47" href="#__codelineno-78-47"></a> <span class="c1"># Move all elements at and after index index backward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-48" name="__codelineno-78-48" href="#__codelineno-78-48"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-49" name="__codelineno-78-49" href="#__codelineno-78-49"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-50" name="__codelineno-78-50" href="#__codelineno-78-50"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-51" name="__codelineno-78-51" href="#__codelineno-78-51"></a> <span class="c1"># Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-52" name="__codelineno-78-52" href="#__codelineno-78-52"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-53" name="__codelineno-78-53" href="#__codelineno-78-53"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-54" name="__codelineno-78-54" href="#__codelineno-78-54"></a> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-55" name="__codelineno-78-55" href="#__codelineno-78-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Remove element"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-56" name="__codelineno-78-56" href="#__codelineno-78-56"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">index</span> <span class="o">>=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-57" name="__codelineno-78-57" href="#__codelineno-78-57"></a> <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IndexError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-58" name="__codelineno-78-58" href="#__codelineno-78-58"></a> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-59" name="__codelineno-78-59" href="#__codelineno-78-59"></a> <span class="c1"># Move all elements after index index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-60" name="__codelineno-78-60" href="#__codelineno-78-60"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-61" name="__codelineno-78-61" href="#__codelineno-78-61"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-62" name="__codelineno-78-62" href="#__codelineno-78-62"></a> <span class="c1"># Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-63" name="__codelineno-78-63" href="#__codelineno-78-63"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_size</span> <span class="o">-=</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-64" name="__codelineno-78-64" href="#__codelineno-78-64"></a> <span class="c1"># Return the removed element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-65" name="__codelineno-78-65" href="#__codelineno-78-65"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-66" name="__codelineno-78-66" href="#__codelineno-78-66"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-67" name="__codelineno-78-67" href="#__codelineno-78-67"></a> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend_capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-68" name="__codelineno-78-68" href="#__codelineno-78-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Extend list capacity"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-69" name="__codelineno-78-69" href="#__codelineno-78-69"></a> <span class="c1"># Create a new array with length _extend_ratio times the original array, and copy the original array to the new array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-70" name="__codelineno-78-70" href="#__codelineno-78-70"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_arr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_arr</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_extend_ratio</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-71" name="__codelineno-78-71" href="#__codelineno-78-71"></a> <span class="c1"># Update list capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-72" name="__codelineno-78-72" href="#__codelineno-78-72"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_capacity</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-73" name="__codelineno-78-73" href="#__codelineno-78-73"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-74" name="__codelineno-78-74" href="#__codelineno-78-74"></a> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">to_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-75" name="__codelineno-78-75" href="#__codelineno-78-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Return list with valid length"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-76" name="__codelineno-78-76" href="#__codelineno-78-76"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[:</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-79-1" name="__codelineno-79-1" href="#__codelineno-79-1"></a><span class="cm">/* List class */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-2" name="__codelineno-79-2" href="#__codelineno-79-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-3" name="__codelineno-79-3" href="#__codelineno-79-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="o">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-4" name="__codelineno-79-4" href="#__codelineno-79-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Array (stores list elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-5" name="__codelineno-79-5" href="#__codelineno-79-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-6" name="__codelineno-79-6" href="#__codelineno-79-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List length (current number of elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-7" name="__codelineno-79-7" href="#__codelineno-79-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Multiple by which the list capacity is extended each time</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-8" name="__codelineno-79-8" href="#__codelineno-79-8"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-9" name="__codelineno-79-9" href="#__codelineno-79-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="o">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-10" name="__codelineno-79-10" href="#__codelineno-79-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Constructor */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-11" name="__codelineno-79-11" href="#__codelineno-79-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-12" name="__codelineno-79-12" href="#__codelineno-79-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">arrCapacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-13" name="__codelineno-79-13" href="#__codelineno-79-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-14" name="__codelineno-79-14" href="#__codelineno-79-14"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-15" name="__codelineno-79-15" href="#__codelineno-79-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Destructor */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-16" name="__codelineno-79-16" href="#__codelineno-79-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">~</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-17" name="__codelineno-79-17" href="#__codelineno-79-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-18" name="__codelineno-79-18" href="#__codelineno-79-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-19" name="__codelineno-79-19" href="#__codelineno-79-19"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-20" name="__codelineno-79-20" href="#__codelineno-79-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list length (current number of elements)*/</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-21" name="__codelineno-79-21" href="#__codelineno-79-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-22" name="__codelineno-79-22" href="#__codelineno-79-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-23" name="__codelineno-79-23" href="#__codelineno-79-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-24" name="__codelineno-79-24" href="#__codelineno-79-24"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-25" name="__codelineno-79-25" href="#__codelineno-79-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list capacity */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-26" name="__codelineno-79-26" href="#__codelineno-79-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-27" name="__codelineno-79-27" href="#__codelineno-79-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-28" name="__codelineno-79-28" href="#__codelineno-79-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-29" name="__codelineno-79-29" href="#__codelineno-79-29"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-30" name="__codelineno-79-30" href="#__codelineno-79-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Update element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-31" name="__codelineno-79-31" href="#__codelineno-79-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-32" name="__codelineno-79-32" href="#__codelineno-79-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// If the index is out of bounds, throw an exception, as below</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-33" name="__codelineno-79-33" href="#__codelineno-79-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-34" name="__codelineno-79-34" href="#__codelineno-79-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-35" name="__codelineno-79-35" href="#__codelineno-79-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-36" name="__codelineno-79-36" href="#__codelineno-79-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-37" name="__codelineno-79-37" href="#__codelineno-79-37"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-38" name="__codelineno-79-38" href="#__codelineno-79-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-39" name="__codelineno-79-39" href="#__codelineno-79-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-40" name="__codelineno-79-40" href="#__codelineno-79-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-41" name="__codelineno-79-41" href="#__codelineno-79-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-42" name="__codelineno-79-42" href="#__codelineno-79-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-43" name="__codelineno-79-43" href="#__codelineno-79-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-44" name="__codelineno-79-44" href="#__codelineno-79-44"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-45" name="__codelineno-79-45" href="#__codelineno-79-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Direct traversal of list elements */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-46" name="__codelineno-79-46" href="#__codelineno-79-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-47" name="__codelineno-79-47" href="#__codelineno-79-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-48" name="__codelineno-79-48" href="#__codelineno-79-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-49" name="__codelineno-79-49" href="#__codelineno-79-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-50" name="__codelineno-79-50" href="#__codelineno-79-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-51" name="__codelineno-79-51" href="#__codelineno-79-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-52" name="__codelineno-79-52" href="#__codelineno-79-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-53" name="__codelineno-79-53" href="#__codelineno-79-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-54" name="__codelineno-79-54" href="#__codelineno-79-54"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-55" name="__codelineno-79-55" href="#__codelineno-79-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Sort list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-56" name="__codelineno-79-56" href="#__codelineno-79-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-57" name="__codelineno-79-57" href="#__codelineno-79-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-58" name="__codelineno-79-58" href="#__codelineno-79-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-59" name="__codelineno-79-59" href="#__codelineno-79-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-60" name="__codelineno-79-60" href="#__codelineno-79-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-61" name="__codelineno-79-61" href="#__codelineno-79-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-62" name="__codelineno-79-62" href="#__codelineno-79-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Move all elements after index index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-63" name="__codelineno-79-63" href="#__codelineno-79-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-64" name="__codelineno-79-64" href="#__codelineno-79-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-65" name="__codelineno-79-65" href="#__codelineno-79-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-66" name="__codelineno-79-66" href="#__codelineno-79-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-67" name="__codelineno-79-67" href="#__codelineno-79-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-68" name="__codelineno-79-68" href="#__codelineno-79-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-69" name="__codelineno-79-69" href="#__codelineno-79-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-70" name="__codelineno-79-70" href="#__codelineno-79-70"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-71" name="__codelineno-79-71" href="#__codelineno-79-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Remove element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-72" name="__codelineno-79-72" href="#__codelineno-79-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-73" name="__codelineno-79-73" href="#__codelineno-79-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-74" name="__codelineno-79-74" href="#__codelineno-79-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">out_of_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-75" name="__codelineno-79-75" href="#__codelineno-79-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-76" name="__codelineno-79-76" href="#__codelineno-79-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Create a new array with length _extend_ratio times the original array, and copy the original array to the new array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-77" name="__codelineno-79-77" href="#__codelineno-79-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-78" name="__codelineno-79-78" href="#__codelineno-79-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-79" name="__codelineno-79-79" href="#__codelineno-79-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-80" name="__codelineno-79-80" href="#__codelineno-79-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-81" name="__codelineno-79-81" href="#__codelineno-79-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-82" name="__codelineno-79-82" href="#__codelineno-79-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Return the removed element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-83" name="__codelineno-79-83" href="#__codelineno-79-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-84" name="__codelineno-79-84" href="#__codelineno-79-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-85" name="__codelineno-79-85" href="#__codelineno-79-85"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-86" name="__codelineno-79-86" href="#__codelineno-79-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Driver Code */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-87" name="__codelineno-79-87" href="#__codelineno-79-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-88" name="__codelineno-79-88" href="#__codelineno-79-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Create a new array with length extendRatio times the original array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-89" name="__codelineno-79-89" href="#__codelineno-79-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-90" name="__codelineno-79-90" href="#__codelineno-79-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-91" name="__codelineno-79-91" href="#__codelineno-79-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">newCapacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-92" name="__codelineno-79-92" href="#__codelineno-79-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Copy all elements from the original array to the new array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-93" name="__codelineno-79-93" href="#__codelineno-79-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-94" name="__codelineno-79-94" href="#__codelineno-79-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-95" name="__codelineno-79-95" href="#__codelineno-79-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-96" name="__codelineno-79-96" href="#__codelineno-79-96"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Free memory</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-97" name="__codelineno-79-97" href="#__codelineno-79-97"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-98" name="__codelineno-79-98" href="#__codelineno-79-98"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-99" name="__codelineno-79-99" href="#__codelineno-79-99"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-100" name="__codelineno-79-100" href="#__codelineno-79-100"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-101" name="__codelineno-79-101" href="#__codelineno-79-101"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Convert list to Vector for printing */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-102" name="__codelineno-79-102" href="#__codelineno-79-102"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toVector</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-103" name="__codelineno-79-103" href="#__codelineno-79-103"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Elements enqueue</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-104" name="__codelineno-79-104" href="#__codelineno-79-104"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">());</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-105" name="__codelineno-79-105" href="#__codelineno-79-105"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-106" name="__codelineno-79-106" href="#__codelineno-79-106"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-107" name="__codelineno-79-107" href="#__codelineno-79-107"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-108" name="__codelineno-79-108" href="#__codelineno-79-108"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-109" name="__codelineno-79-109" href="#__codelineno-79-109"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-110" name="__codelineno-79-110" href="#__codelineno-79-110"></a><span class="p">};</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-80-1" name="__codelineno-80-1" href="#__codelineno-80-1"></a><span class="cm">/* List class */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-2" name="__codelineno-80-2" href="#__codelineno-80-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-3" name="__codelineno-80-3" href="#__codelineno-80-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Array (stores list elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-4" name="__codelineno-80-4" href="#__codelineno-80-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-5" name="__codelineno-80-5" href="#__codelineno-80-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List length (current number of elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-6" name="__codelineno-80-6" href="#__codelineno-80-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Multiple by which the list capacity is extended each time</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-7" name="__codelineno-80-7" href="#__codelineno-80-7"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-8" name="__codelineno-80-8" href="#__codelineno-80-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Constructor */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-9" name="__codelineno-80-9" href="#__codelineno-80-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">MyList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-10" name="__codelineno-80-10" href="#__codelineno-80-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-11" name="__codelineno-80-11" href="#__codelineno-80-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-12" name="__codelineno-80-12" href="#__codelineno-80-12"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-13" name="__codelineno-80-13" href="#__codelineno-80-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list length (current number of elements) */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-14" name="__codelineno-80-14" href="#__codelineno-80-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-15" name="__codelineno-80-15" href="#__codelineno-80-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-16" name="__codelineno-80-16" href="#__codelineno-80-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-17" name="__codelineno-80-17" href="#__codelineno-80-17"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-18" name="__codelineno-80-18" href="#__codelineno-80-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list capacity */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-19" name="__codelineno-80-19" href="#__codelineno-80-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-20" name="__codelineno-80-20" href="#__codelineno-80-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-21" name="__codelineno-80-21" href="#__codelineno-80-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-22" name="__codelineno-80-22" href="#__codelineno-80-22"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-23" name="__codelineno-80-23" href="#__codelineno-80-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Update element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-24" name="__codelineno-80-24" href="#__codelineno-80-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-25" name="__codelineno-80-25" href="#__codelineno-80-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// If the index is out of bounds, throw an exception, as below</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-26" name="__codelineno-80-26" href="#__codelineno-80-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-27" name="__codelineno-80-27" href="#__codelineno-80-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-28" name="__codelineno-80-28" href="#__codelineno-80-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-29" name="__codelineno-80-29" href="#__codelineno-80-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-30" name="__codelineno-80-30" href="#__codelineno-80-30"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-31" name="__codelineno-80-31" href="#__codelineno-80-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-32" name="__codelineno-80-32" href="#__codelineno-80-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-33" name="__codelineno-80-33" href="#__codelineno-80-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-34" name="__codelineno-80-34" href="#__codelineno-80-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-35" name="__codelineno-80-35" href="#__codelineno-80-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-36" name="__codelineno-80-36" href="#__codelineno-80-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-37" name="__codelineno-80-37" href="#__codelineno-80-37"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-38" name="__codelineno-80-38" href="#__codelineno-80-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Direct traversal of list elements */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-39" name="__codelineno-80-39" href="#__codelineno-80-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-40" name="__codelineno-80-40" href="#__codelineno-80-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-41" name="__codelineno-80-41" href="#__codelineno-80-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-42" name="__codelineno-80-42" href="#__codelineno-80-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-43" name="__codelineno-80-43" href="#__codelineno-80-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-44" name="__codelineno-80-44" href="#__codelineno-80-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-45" name="__codelineno-80-45" href="#__codelineno-80-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-46" name="__codelineno-80-46" href="#__codelineno-80-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-47" name="__codelineno-80-47" href="#__codelineno-80-47"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-48" name="__codelineno-80-48" href="#__codelineno-80-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Sort list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-49" name="__codelineno-80-49" href="#__codelineno-80-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-50" name="__codelineno-80-50" href="#__codelineno-80-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-51" name="__codelineno-80-51" href="#__codelineno-80-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-52" name="__codelineno-80-52" href="#__codelineno-80-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-53" name="__codelineno-80-53" href="#__codelineno-80-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-54" name="__codelineno-80-54" href="#__codelineno-80-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-55" name="__codelineno-80-55" href="#__codelineno-80-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Move all elements after index index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-56" name="__codelineno-80-56" href="#__codelineno-80-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-57" name="__codelineno-80-57" href="#__codelineno-80-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-58" name="__codelineno-80-58" href="#__codelineno-80-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-59" name="__codelineno-80-59" href="#__codelineno-80-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-60" name="__codelineno-80-60" href="#__codelineno-80-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-61" name="__codelineno-80-61" href="#__codelineno-80-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-62" name="__codelineno-80-62" href="#__codelineno-80-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-63" name="__codelineno-80-63" href="#__codelineno-80-63"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-64" name="__codelineno-80-64" href="#__codelineno-80-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Remove element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-65" name="__codelineno-80-65" href="#__codelineno-80-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-66" name="__codelineno-80-66" href="#__codelineno-80-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-67" name="__codelineno-80-67" href="#__codelineno-80-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-68" name="__codelineno-80-68" href="#__codelineno-80-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-69" name="__codelineno-80-69" href="#__codelineno-80-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Move all elements after index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-70" name="__codelineno-80-70" href="#__codelineno-80-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-71" name="__codelineno-80-71" href="#__codelineno-80-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-72" name="__codelineno-80-72" href="#__codelineno-80-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-73" name="__codelineno-80-73" href="#__codelineno-80-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-74" name="__codelineno-80-74" href="#__codelineno-80-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-75" name="__codelineno-80-75" href="#__codelineno-80-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Return the removed element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-76" name="__codelineno-80-76" href="#__codelineno-80-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-77" name="__codelineno-80-77" href="#__codelineno-80-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-78" name="__codelineno-80-78" href="#__codelineno-80-78"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-79" name="__codelineno-80-79" href="#__codelineno-80-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Driver Code */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-80" name="__codelineno-80-80" href="#__codelineno-80-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-81" name="__codelineno-80-81" href="#__codelineno-80-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Create a new array with length extendRatio times the original array and copy the original array to the new array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-82" name="__codelineno-80-82" href="#__codelineno-80-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Arrays</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">copyOf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-83" name="__codelineno-80-83" href="#__codelineno-80-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Add elements at the end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-84" name="__codelineno-80-84" href="#__codelineno-80-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-85" name="__codelineno-80-85" href="#__codelineno-80-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-86" name="__codelineno-80-86" href="#__codelineno-80-86"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-87" name="__codelineno-80-87" href="#__codelineno-80-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Convert list to array */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-88" name="__codelineno-80-88" href="#__codelineno-80-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-89" name="__codelineno-80-89" href="#__codelineno-80-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-90" name="__codelineno-80-90" href="#__codelineno-80-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Elements enqueue</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-91" name="__codelineno-80-91" href="#__codelineno-80-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-92" name="__codelineno-80-92" href="#__codelineno-80-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-93" name="__codelineno-80-93" href="#__codelineno-80-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-94" name="__codelineno-80-94" href="#__codelineno-80-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-95" name="__codelineno-80-95" href="#__codelineno-80-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-96" name="__codelineno-80-96" href="#__codelineno-80-96"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-97" name="__codelineno-80-97" href="#__codelineno-80-97"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-81-1" name="__codelineno-81-1" href="#__codelineno-81-1"></a><span class="cm">/* List class */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-2" name="__codelineno-81-2" href="#__codelineno-81-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-3" name="__codelineno-81-3" href="#__codelineno-81-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Array (stores list elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-4" name="__codelineno-81-4" href="#__codelineno-81-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-5" name="__codelineno-81-5" href="#__codelineno-81-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List length (current number of elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-6" name="__codelineno-81-6" href="#__codelineno-81-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">readonly</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Multiple by which the list capacity is extended each time</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-7" name="__codelineno-81-7" href="#__codelineno-81-7"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-8" name="__codelineno-81-8" href="#__codelineno-81-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Constructor */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-9" name="__codelineno-81-9" href="#__codelineno-81-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">MyList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-10" name="__codelineno-81-10" href="#__codelineno-81-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">arrCapacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-11" name="__codelineno-81-11" href="#__codelineno-81-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-12" name="__codelineno-81-12" href="#__codelineno-81-12"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-13" name="__codelineno-81-13" href="#__codelineno-81-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list length (current number of elements) */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-14" name="__codelineno-81-14" href="#__codelineno-81-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-15" name="__codelineno-81-15" href="#__codelineno-81-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-16" name="__codelineno-81-16" href="#__codelineno-81-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-17" name="__codelineno-81-17" href="#__codelineno-81-17"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-18" name="__codelineno-81-18" href="#__codelineno-81-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list capacity */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-19" name="__codelineno-81-19" href="#__codelineno-81-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-20" name="__codelineno-81-20" href="#__codelineno-81-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-21" name="__codelineno-81-21" href="#__codelineno-81-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-22" name="__codelineno-81-22" href="#__codelineno-81-22"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-23" name="__codelineno-81-23" href="#__codelineno-81-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Update element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-24" name="__codelineno-81-24" href="#__codelineno-81-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-25" name="__codelineno-81-25" href="#__codelineno-81-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// If the index is out of bounds, throw an exception, as below</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-26" name="__codelineno-81-26" href="#__codelineno-81-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-27" name="__codelineno-81-27" href="#__codelineno-81-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">IndexOutOfRangeException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-28" name="__codelineno-81-28" href="#__codelineno-81-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-29" name="__codelineno-81-29" href="#__codelineno-81-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-30" name="__codelineno-81-30" href="#__codelineno-81-30"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-31" name="__codelineno-81-31" href="#__codelineno-81-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-32" name="__codelineno-81-32" href="#__codelineno-81-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-33" name="__codelineno-81-33" href="#__codelineno-81-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-34" name="__codelineno-81-34" href="#__codelineno-81-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">IndexOutOfRangeException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-35" name="__codelineno-81-35" href="#__codelineno-81-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-36" name="__codelineno-81-36" href="#__codelineno-81-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-37" name="__codelineno-81-37" href="#__codelineno-81-37"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-38" name="__codelineno-81-38" href="#__codelineno-81-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Direct traversal of list elements */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-39" name="__codelineno-81-39" href="#__codelineno-81-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-40" name="__codelineno-81-40" href="#__codelineno-81-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-41" name="__codelineno-81-41" href="#__codelineno-81-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrCapacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-42" name="__codelineno-81-42" href="#__codelineno-81-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ExtendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-43" name="__codelineno-81-43" href="#__codelineno-81-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-44" name="__codelineno-81-44" href="#__codelineno-81-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-45" name="__codelineno-81-45" href="#__codelineno-81-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-46" name="__codelineno-81-46" href="#__codelineno-81-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-47" name="__codelineno-81-47" href="#__codelineno-81-47"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-48" name="__codelineno-81-48" href="#__codelineno-81-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Sort list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-49" name="__codelineno-81-49" href="#__codelineno-81-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-50" name="__codelineno-81-50" href="#__codelineno-81-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-51" name="__codelineno-81-51" href="#__codelineno-81-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">IndexOutOfRangeException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-52" name="__codelineno-81-52" href="#__codelineno-81-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-53" name="__codelineno-81-53" href="#__codelineno-81-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrCapacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-54" name="__codelineno-81-54" href="#__codelineno-81-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ExtendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-55" name="__codelineno-81-55" href="#__codelineno-81-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Move all elements after index index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-56" name="__codelineno-81-56" href="#__codelineno-81-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-57" name="__codelineno-81-57" href="#__codelineno-81-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-58" name="__codelineno-81-58" href="#__codelineno-81-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-59" name="__codelineno-81-59" href="#__codelineno-81-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-60" name="__codelineno-81-60" href="#__codelineno-81-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-61" name="__codelineno-81-61" href="#__codelineno-81-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-62" name="__codelineno-81-62" href="#__codelineno-81-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-63" name="__codelineno-81-63" href="#__codelineno-81-63"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-64" name="__codelineno-81-64" href="#__codelineno-81-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Remove element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-65" name="__codelineno-81-65" href="#__codelineno-81-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-66" name="__codelineno-81-66" href="#__codelineno-81-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-67" name="__codelineno-81-67" href="#__codelineno-81-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">IndexOutOfRangeException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-68" name="__codelineno-81-68" href="#__codelineno-81-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-69" name="__codelineno-81-69" href="#__codelineno-81-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Move all elements after index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-70" name="__codelineno-81-70" href="#__codelineno-81-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-71" name="__codelineno-81-71" href="#__codelineno-81-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-72" name="__codelineno-81-72" href="#__codelineno-81-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-73" name="__codelineno-81-73" href="#__codelineno-81-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-74" name="__codelineno-81-74" href="#__codelineno-81-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-75" name="__codelineno-81-75" href="#__codelineno-81-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Return the removed element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-76" name="__codelineno-81-76" href="#__codelineno-81-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-77" name="__codelineno-81-77" href="#__codelineno-81-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-78" name="__codelineno-81-78" href="#__codelineno-81-78"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-79" name="__codelineno-81-79" href="#__codelineno-81-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Driver Code */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-80" name="__codelineno-81-80" href="#__codelineno-81-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ExtendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-81" name="__codelineno-81-81" href="#__codelineno-81-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Create new array of length arrCapacity * extendRatio and copy original array to new array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-82" name="__codelineno-81-82" href="#__codelineno-81-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Resize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">ref</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-83" name="__codelineno-81-83" href="#__codelineno-81-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Add elements at the end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-84" name="__codelineno-81-84" href="#__codelineno-81-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-85" name="__codelineno-81-85" href="#__codelineno-81-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-86" name="__codelineno-81-86" href="#__codelineno-81-86"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-87" name="__codelineno-81-87" href="#__codelineno-81-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Convert list to array */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-88" name="__codelineno-81-88" href="#__codelineno-81-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ToArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-89" name="__codelineno-81-89" href="#__codelineno-81-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Elements enqueue</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-90" name="__codelineno-81-90" href="#__codelineno-81-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-91" name="__codelineno-81-91" href="#__codelineno-81-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrSize</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-92" name="__codelineno-81-92" href="#__codelineno-81-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-93" name="__codelineno-81-93" href="#__codelineno-81-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-94" name="__codelineno-81-94" href="#__codelineno-81-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-95" name="__codelineno-81-95" href="#__codelineno-81-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-96" name="__codelineno-81-96" href="#__codelineno-81-96"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="cm">/* List class */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-2" name="__codelineno-82-2" href="#__codelineno-82-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-3" name="__codelineno-82-3" href="#__codelineno-82-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arrCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-4" name="__codelineno-82-4" href="#__codelineno-82-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-5" name="__codelineno-82-5" href="#__codelineno-82-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arrSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-6" name="__codelineno-82-6" href="#__codelineno-82-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-7" name="__codelineno-82-7" href="#__codelineno-82-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-8" name="__codelineno-82-8" href="#__codelineno-82-8"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-9" name="__codelineno-82-9" href="#__codelineno-82-9"></a><span class="cm">/* Constructor */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-10" name="__codelineno-82-10" href="#__codelineno-82-10"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newMyList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-11" name="__codelineno-82-11" href="#__codelineno-82-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-12" name="__codelineno-82-12" href="#__codelineno-82-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arrCapacity</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-13" name="__codelineno-82-13" href="#__codelineno-82-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Array (stores list elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-14" name="__codelineno-82-14" href="#__codelineno-82-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arrSize</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List length (current number of elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-15" name="__codelineno-82-15" href="#__codelineno-82-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Multiple by which the list capacity is extended each time</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-16" name="__codelineno-82-16" href="#__codelineno-82-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-17" name="__codelineno-82-17" href="#__codelineno-82-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-18" name="__codelineno-82-18" href="#__codelineno-82-18"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-19" name="__codelineno-82-19" href="#__codelineno-82-19"></a><span class="cm">/* Get list length (current number of elements) */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-20" name="__codelineno-82-20" href="#__codelineno-82-20"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-21" name="__codelineno-82-21" href="#__codelineno-82-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrSize</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-22" name="__codelineno-82-22" href="#__codelineno-82-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-23" name="__codelineno-82-23" href="#__codelineno-82-23"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-24" name="__codelineno-82-24" href="#__codelineno-82-24"></a><span class="cm">/* Get list capacity */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-25" name="__codelineno-82-25" href="#__codelineno-82-25"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-26" name="__codelineno-82-26" href="#__codelineno-82-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrCapacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-27" name="__codelineno-82-27" href="#__codelineno-82-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-28" name="__codelineno-82-28" href="#__codelineno-82-28"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-29" name="__codelineno-82-29" href="#__codelineno-82-29"></a><span class="cm">/* Update element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-30" name="__codelineno-82-30" href="#__codelineno-82-30"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-31" name="__codelineno-82-31" href="#__codelineno-82-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// If the index is out of bounds, throw an exception, as below</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-32" name="__codelineno-82-32" href="#__codelineno-82-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-33" name="__codelineno-82-33" href="#__codelineno-82-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-34" name="__codelineno-82-34" href="#__codelineno-82-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-35" name="__codelineno-82-35" href="#__codelineno-82-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-36" name="__codelineno-82-36" href="#__codelineno-82-36"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-37" name="__codelineno-82-37" href="#__codelineno-82-37"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-38" name="__codelineno-82-38" href="#__codelineno-82-38"></a><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-39" name="__codelineno-82-39" href="#__codelineno-82-39"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-40" name="__codelineno-82-40" href="#__codelineno-82-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-41" name="__codelineno-82-41" href="#__codelineno-82-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-42" name="__codelineno-82-42" href="#__codelineno-82-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-43" name="__codelineno-82-43" href="#__codelineno-82-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-44" name="__codelineno-82-44" href="#__codelineno-82-44"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-45" name="__codelineno-82-45" href="#__codelineno-82-45"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-46" name="__codelineno-82-46" href="#__codelineno-82-46"></a><span class="cm">/* Direct traversal of list elements */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-47" name="__codelineno-82-47" href="#__codelineno-82-47"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-48" name="__codelineno-82-48" href="#__codelineno-82-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-49" name="__codelineno-82-49" href="#__codelineno-82-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-50" name="__codelineno-82-50" href="#__codelineno-82-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-51" name="__codelineno-82-51" href="#__codelineno-82-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-52" name="__codelineno-82-52" href="#__codelineno-82-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrSize</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-53" name="__codelineno-82-53" href="#__codelineno-82-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-54" name="__codelineno-82-54" href="#__codelineno-82-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrSize</span><span class="o">++</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-55" name="__codelineno-82-55" href="#__codelineno-82-55"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-56" name="__codelineno-82-56" href="#__codelineno-82-56"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-57" name="__codelineno-82-57" href="#__codelineno-82-57"></a><span class="cm">/* Sort list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-58" name="__codelineno-82-58" href="#__codelineno-82-58"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-59" name="__codelineno-82-59" href="#__codelineno-82-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-60" name="__codelineno-82-60" href="#__codelineno-82-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-61" name="__codelineno-82-61" href="#__codelineno-82-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-62" name="__codelineno-82-62" href="#__codelineno-82-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-63" name="__codelineno-82-63" href="#__codelineno-82-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-64" name="__codelineno-82-64" href="#__codelineno-82-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-65" name="__codelineno-82-65" href="#__codelineno-82-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-66" name="__codelineno-82-66" href="#__codelineno-82-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Move all elements after index index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-67" name="__codelineno-82-67" href="#__codelineno-82-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-68" name="__codelineno-82-68" href="#__codelineno-82-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-69" name="__codelineno-82-69" href="#__codelineno-82-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-70" name="__codelineno-82-70" href="#__codelineno-82-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-71" name="__codelineno-82-71" href="#__codelineno-82-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-72" name="__codelineno-82-72" href="#__codelineno-82-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrSize</span><span class="o">++</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-73" name="__codelineno-82-73" href="#__codelineno-82-73"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-74" name="__codelineno-82-74" href="#__codelineno-82-74"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-75" name="__codelineno-82-75" href="#__codelineno-82-75"></a><span class="cm">/* Remove element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-76" name="__codelineno-82-76" href="#__codelineno-82-76"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-77" name="__codelineno-82-77" href="#__codelineno-82-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-78" name="__codelineno-82-78" href="#__codelineno-82-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">panic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-79" name="__codelineno-82-79" href="#__codelineno-82-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-80" name="__codelineno-82-80" href="#__codelineno-82-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-81" name="__codelineno-82-81" href="#__codelineno-82-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Create a new array with length _extend_ratio times the original array, and copy the original array to the new array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-82" name="__codelineno-82-82" href="#__codelineno-82-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrSize</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-83" name="__codelineno-82-83" href="#__codelineno-82-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-84" name="__codelineno-82-84" href="#__codelineno-82-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-85" name="__codelineno-82-85" href="#__codelineno-82-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-86" name="__codelineno-82-86" href="#__codelineno-82-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrSize</span><span class="o">--</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-87" name="__codelineno-82-87" href="#__codelineno-82-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Return the removed element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-88" name="__codelineno-82-88" href="#__codelineno-82-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-89" name="__codelineno-82-89" href="#__codelineno-82-89"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-90" name="__codelineno-82-90" href="#__codelineno-82-90"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-91" name="__codelineno-82-91" href="#__codelineno-82-91"></a><span class="cm">/* Driver Code */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-92" name="__codelineno-82-92" href="#__codelineno-82-92"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-93" name="__codelineno-82-93" href="#__codelineno-82-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Create a new array with length extendRatio times the original array and copy the original array to the new array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-94" name="__codelineno-82-94" href="#__codelineno-82-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrCapacity</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-95" name="__codelineno-82-95" href="#__codelineno-82-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Add elements at the end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-96" name="__codelineno-82-96" href="#__codelineno-82-96"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-97" name="__codelineno-82-97" href="#__codelineno-82-97"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-98" name="__codelineno-82-98" href="#__codelineno-82-98"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-99" name="__codelineno-82-99" href="#__codelineno-82-99"></a><span class="cm">/* Return list with valid length */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-100" name="__codelineno-82-100" href="#__codelineno-82-100"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">myList</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-101" name="__codelineno-82-101" href="#__codelineno-82-101"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Elements enqueue</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-102" name="__codelineno-82-102" href="#__codelineno-82-102"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[:</span><span class="nx">l</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arrSize</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-103" name="__codelineno-82-103" href="#__codelineno-82-103"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-83-1" name="__codelineno-83-1" href="#__codelineno-83-1"></a><span class="cm">/* List class */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-2" name="__codelineno-83-2" href="#__codelineno-83-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-3" name="__codelineno-83-3" href="#__codelineno-83-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">arr</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Array (stores list elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-4" name="__codelineno-83-4" href="#__codelineno-83-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">_capacity</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-5" name="__codelineno-83-5" href="#__codelineno-83-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">_size</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List length (current number of elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-6" name="__codelineno-83-6" href="#__codelineno-83-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">extendRatio</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Multiple by which the list capacity is extended each time</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-7" name="__codelineno-83-7" href="#__codelineno-83-7"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-8" name="__codelineno-83-8" href="#__codelineno-83-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Constructor */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-9" name="__codelineno-83-9" href="#__codelineno-83-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-10" name="__codelineno-83-10" href="#__codelineno-83-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-11" name="__codelineno-83-11" href="#__codelineno-83-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-12" name="__codelineno-83-12" href="#__codelineno-83-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-13" name="__codelineno-83-13" href="#__codelineno-83-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-14" name="__codelineno-83-14" href="#__codelineno-83-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-15" name="__codelineno-83-15" href="#__codelineno-83-15"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-16" name="__codelineno-83-16" href="#__codelineno-83-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list length (current number of elements) */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-17" name="__codelineno-83-17" href="#__codelineno-83-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-18" name="__codelineno-83-18" href="#__codelineno-83-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-19" name="__codelineno-83-19" href="#__codelineno-83-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-20" name="__codelineno-83-20" href="#__codelineno-83-20"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-21" name="__codelineno-83-21" href="#__codelineno-83-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list capacity */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-22" name="__codelineno-83-22" href="#__codelineno-83-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-23" name="__codelineno-83-23" href="#__codelineno-83-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-24" name="__codelineno-83-24" href="#__codelineno-83-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-25" name="__codelineno-83-25" href="#__codelineno-83-25"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-26" name="__codelineno-83-26" href="#__codelineno-83-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Update element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-27" name="__codelineno-83-27" href="#__codelineno-83-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-28" name="__codelineno-83-28" href="#__codelineno-83-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Throw error if index out of bounds, same below</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-29" name="__codelineno-83-29" href="#__codelineno-83-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-30" name="__codelineno-83-30" href="#__codelineno-83-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-31" name="__codelineno-83-31" href="#__codelineno-83-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-32" name="__codelineno-83-32" href="#__codelineno-83-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-33" name="__codelineno-83-33" href="#__codelineno-83-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-34" name="__codelineno-83-34" href="#__codelineno-83-34"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-35" name="__codelineno-83-35" href="#__codelineno-83-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-36" name="__codelineno-83-36" href="#__codelineno-83-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-37" name="__codelineno-83-37" href="#__codelineno-83-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-38" name="__codelineno-83-38" href="#__codelineno-83-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-39" name="__codelineno-83-39" href="#__codelineno-83-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-40" name="__codelineno-83-40" href="#__codelineno-83-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-41" name="__codelineno-83-41" href="#__codelineno-83-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-42" name="__codelineno-83-42" href="#__codelineno-83-42"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-43" name="__codelineno-83-43" href="#__codelineno-83-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Direct traversal of list elements */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-44" name="__codelineno-83-44" href="#__codelineno-83-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-45" name="__codelineno-83-45" href="#__codelineno-83-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-46" name="__codelineno-83-46" href="#__codelineno-83-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-47" name="__codelineno-83-47" href="#__codelineno-83-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-48" name="__codelineno-83-48" href="#__codelineno-83-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-49" name="__codelineno-83-49" href="#__codelineno-83-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-50" name="__codelineno-83-50" href="#__codelineno-83-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-51" name="__codelineno-83-51" href="#__codelineno-83-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-52" name="__codelineno-83-52" href="#__codelineno-83-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-53" name="__codelineno-83-53" href="#__codelineno-83-53"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-54" name="__codelineno-83-54" href="#__codelineno-83-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Sort list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-55" name="__codelineno-83-55" href="#__codelineno-83-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-56" name="__codelineno-83-56" href="#__codelineno-83-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-57" name="__codelineno-83-57" href="#__codelineno-83-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-58" name="__codelineno-83-58" href="#__codelineno-83-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-59" name="__codelineno-83-59" href="#__codelineno-83-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-60" name="__codelineno-83-60" href="#__codelineno-83-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-61" name="__codelineno-83-61" href="#__codelineno-83-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-62" name="__codelineno-83-62" href="#__codelineno-83-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-63" name="__codelineno-83-63" href="#__codelineno-83-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Move all elements after index index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-64" name="__codelineno-83-64" href="#__codelineno-83-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">..</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()).</span><span class="n">reversed</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-65" name="__codelineno-83-65" href="#__codelineno-83-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-66" name="__codelineno-83-66" href="#__codelineno-83-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-67" name="__codelineno-83-67" href="#__codelineno-83-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-68" name="__codelineno-83-68" href="#__codelineno-83-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-69" name="__codelineno-83-69" href="#__codelineno-83-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-70" name="__codelineno-83-70" href="#__codelineno-83-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-71" name="__codelineno-83-71" href="#__codelineno-83-71"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-72" name="__codelineno-83-72" href="#__codelineno-83-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Remove element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-73" name="__codelineno-83-73" href="#__codelineno-83-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">@</span><span class="n">discardableResult</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-74" name="__codelineno-83-74" href="#__codelineno-83-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-75" name="__codelineno-83-75" href="#__codelineno-83-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-76" name="__codelineno-83-76" href="#__codelineno-83-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">fatalError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-77" name="__codelineno-83-77" href="#__codelineno-83-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-78" name="__codelineno-83-78" href="#__codelineno-83-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-79" name="__codelineno-83-79" href="#__codelineno-83-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Move all elements after index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-80" name="__codelineno-83-80" href="#__codelineno-83-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">..</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-81" name="__codelineno-83-81" href="#__codelineno-83-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-82" name="__codelineno-83-82" href="#__codelineno-83-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-83" name="__codelineno-83-83" href="#__codelineno-83-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-84" name="__codelineno-83-84" href="#__codelineno-83-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-85" name="__codelineno-83-85" href="#__codelineno-83-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Return the removed element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-86" name="__codelineno-83-86" href="#__codelineno-83-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-87" name="__codelineno-83-87" href="#__codelineno-83-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-88" name="__codelineno-83-88" href="#__codelineno-83-88"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-89" name="__codelineno-83-89" href="#__codelineno-83-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Driver Code */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-90" name="__codelineno-83-90" href="#__codelineno-83-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-91" name="__codelineno-83-91" href="#__codelineno-83-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Create a new array with length extendRatio times the original array and copy the original array to the new array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-92" name="__codelineno-83-92" href="#__codelineno-83-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-93" name="__codelineno-83-93" href="#__codelineno-83-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Add elements at the end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-94" name="__codelineno-83-94" href="#__codelineno-83-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-95" name="__codelineno-83-95" href="#__codelineno-83-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-96" name="__codelineno-83-96" href="#__codelineno-83-96"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-97" name="__codelineno-83-97" href="#__codelineno-83-97"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Convert list to array */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-98" name="__codelineno-83-98" href="#__codelineno-83-98"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-99" name="__codelineno-83-99" href="#__codelineno-83-99"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">prefix</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()))</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-100" name="__codelineno-83-100" href="#__codelineno-83-100"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-101" name="__codelineno-83-101" href="#__codelineno-83-101"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-84-1" name="__codelineno-84-1" href="#__codelineno-84-1"></a><span class="cm">/* List class */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-2" name="__codelineno-84-2" href="#__codelineno-84-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-3" name="__codelineno-84-3" href="#__codelineno-84-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">#arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Array (stores list elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-4" name="__codelineno-84-4" href="#__codelineno-84-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">#capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-5" name="__codelineno-84-5" href="#__codelineno-84-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">#size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List length (current number of elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-6" name="__codelineno-84-6" href="#__codelineno-84-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">#extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Multiple by which the list capacity is extended each time</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-7" name="__codelineno-84-7" href="#__codelineno-84-7"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-8" name="__codelineno-84-8" href="#__codelineno-84-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Constructor */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-9" name="__codelineno-84-9" href="#__codelineno-84-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-10" name="__codelineno-84-10" href="#__codelineno-84-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-11" name="__codelineno-84-11" href="#__codelineno-84-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-12" name="__codelineno-84-12" href="#__codelineno-84-12"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-13" name="__codelineno-84-13" href="#__codelineno-84-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list length (current number of elements) */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-14" name="__codelineno-84-14" href="#__codelineno-84-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-15" name="__codelineno-84-15" href="#__codelineno-84-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#size</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-16" name="__codelineno-84-16" href="#__codelineno-84-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-17" name="__codelineno-84-17" href="#__codelineno-84-17"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-18" name="__codelineno-84-18" href="#__codelineno-84-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list capacity */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-19" name="__codelineno-84-19" href="#__codelineno-84-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-20" name="__codelineno-84-20" href="#__codelineno-84-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-21" name="__codelineno-84-21" href="#__codelineno-84-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-22" name="__codelineno-84-22" href="#__codelineno-84-22"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-23" name="__codelineno-84-23" href="#__codelineno-84-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Update element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-24" name="__codelineno-84-24" href="#__codelineno-84-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-25" name="__codelineno-84-25" href="#__codelineno-84-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// If the index is out of bounds, throw an exception, as below</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-26" name="__codelineno-84-26" href="#__codelineno-84-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Index out of bounds'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-27" name="__codelineno-84-27" href="#__codelineno-84-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-28" name="__codelineno-84-28" href="#__codelineno-84-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-29" name="__codelineno-84-29" href="#__codelineno-84-29"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-30" name="__codelineno-84-30" href="#__codelineno-84-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-31" name="__codelineno-84-31" href="#__codelineno-84-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-32" name="__codelineno-84-32" href="#__codelineno-84-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Index out of bounds'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-33" name="__codelineno-84-33" href="#__codelineno-84-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-34" name="__codelineno-84-34" href="#__codelineno-84-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-35" name="__codelineno-84-35" href="#__codelineno-84-35"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-36" name="__codelineno-84-36" href="#__codelineno-84-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Direct traversal of list elements */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-37" name="__codelineno-84-37" href="#__codelineno-84-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-38" name="__codelineno-84-38" href="#__codelineno-84-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// If length equals capacity, need to expand</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-39" name="__codelineno-84-39" href="#__codelineno-84-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-40" name="__codelineno-84-40" href="#__codelineno-84-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-41" name="__codelineno-84-41" href="#__codelineno-84-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-42" name="__codelineno-84-42" href="#__codelineno-84-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Add new element to end of list</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-43" name="__codelineno-84-43" href="#__codelineno-84-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#size</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-44" name="__codelineno-84-44" href="#__codelineno-84-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-45" name="__codelineno-84-45" href="#__codelineno-84-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-46" name="__codelineno-84-46" href="#__codelineno-84-46"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-47" name="__codelineno-84-47" href="#__codelineno-84-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Sort list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-48" name="__codelineno-84-48" href="#__codelineno-84-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-49" name="__codelineno-84-49" href="#__codelineno-84-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Index out of bounds'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-50" name="__codelineno-84-50" href="#__codelineno-84-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-51" name="__codelineno-84-51" href="#__codelineno-84-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-52" name="__codelineno-84-52" href="#__codelineno-84-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-53" name="__codelineno-84-53" href="#__codelineno-84-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-54" name="__codelineno-84-54" href="#__codelineno-84-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Move all elements after index index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-55" name="__codelineno-84-55" href="#__codelineno-84-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-56" name="__codelineno-84-56" href="#__codelineno-84-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-57" name="__codelineno-84-57" href="#__codelineno-84-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-58" name="__codelineno-84-58" href="#__codelineno-84-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-59" name="__codelineno-84-59" href="#__codelineno-84-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-60" name="__codelineno-84-60" href="#__codelineno-84-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-61" name="__codelineno-84-61" href="#__codelineno-84-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-62" name="__codelineno-84-62" href="#__codelineno-84-62"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-63" name="__codelineno-84-63" href="#__codelineno-84-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Remove element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-64" name="__codelineno-84-64" href="#__codelineno-84-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-65" name="__codelineno-84-65" href="#__codelineno-84-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Index out of bounds'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-66" name="__codelineno-84-66" href="#__codelineno-84-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-67" name="__codelineno-84-67" href="#__codelineno-84-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Create a new array with length _extend_ratio times the original array, and copy the original array to the new array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-68" name="__codelineno-84-68" href="#__codelineno-84-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-69" name="__codelineno-84-69" href="#__codelineno-84-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-70" name="__codelineno-84-70" href="#__codelineno-84-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-71" name="__codelineno-84-71" href="#__codelineno-84-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-72" name="__codelineno-84-72" href="#__codelineno-84-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-73" name="__codelineno-84-73" href="#__codelineno-84-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Return the removed element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-74" name="__codelineno-84-74" href="#__codelineno-84-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-75" name="__codelineno-84-75" href="#__codelineno-84-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-76" name="__codelineno-84-76" href="#__codelineno-84-76"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-77" name="__codelineno-84-77" href="#__codelineno-84-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Driver Code */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-78" name="__codelineno-84-78" href="#__codelineno-84-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-79" name="__codelineno-84-79" href="#__codelineno-84-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Create a new array with length extendRatio times the original array and copy the original array to the new array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-80" name="__codelineno-84-80" href="#__codelineno-84-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">concat</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-81" name="__codelineno-84-81" href="#__codelineno-84-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">))</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-82" name="__codelineno-84-82" href="#__codelineno-84-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-83" name="__codelineno-84-83" href="#__codelineno-84-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Add elements at the end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-84" name="__codelineno-84-84" href="#__codelineno-84-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">#arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-85" name="__codelineno-84-85" href="#__codelineno-84-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-86" name="__codelineno-84-86" href="#__codelineno-84-86"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-87" name="__codelineno-84-87" href="#__codelineno-84-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Convert list to array */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-88" name="__codelineno-84-88" href="#__codelineno-84-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-89" name="__codelineno-84-89" href="#__codelineno-84-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-90" name="__codelineno-84-90" href="#__codelineno-84-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Elements enqueue</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-91" name="__codelineno-84-91" href="#__codelineno-84-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-92" name="__codelineno-84-92" href="#__codelineno-84-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-93" name="__codelineno-84-93" href="#__codelineno-84-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-94" name="__codelineno-84-94" href="#__codelineno-84-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-95" name="__codelineno-84-95" href="#__codelineno-84-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-96" name="__codelineno-84-96" href="#__codelineno-84-96"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-97" name="__codelineno-84-97" href="#__codelineno-84-97"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-85-1" name="__codelineno-85-1" href="#__codelineno-85-1"></a><span class="cm">/* List class */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-2" name="__codelineno-85-2" href="#__codelineno-85-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-3" name="__codelineno-85-3" href="#__codelineno-85-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Array (stores list elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-4" name="__codelineno-85-4" href="#__codelineno-85-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_capacity</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-5" name="__codelineno-85-5" href="#__codelineno-85-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List length (current number of elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-6" name="__codelineno-85-6" href="#__codelineno-85-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Multiple by which the list capacity is extended each time</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-7" name="__codelineno-85-7" href="#__codelineno-85-7"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-8" name="__codelineno-85-8" href="#__codelineno-85-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Constructor */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-9" name="__codelineno-85-9" href="#__codelineno-85-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-10" name="__codelineno-85-10" href="#__codelineno-85-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-11" name="__codelineno-85-11" href="#__codelineno-85-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-12" name="__codelineno-85-12" href="#__codelineno-85-12"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-13" name="__codelineno-85-13" href="#__codelineno-85-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list length (current number of elements) */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-14" name="__codelineno-85-14" href="#__codelineno-85-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-15" name="__codelineno-85-15" href="#__codelineno-85-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-16" name="__codelineno-85-16" href="#__codelineno-85-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-17" name="__codelineno-85-17" href="#__codelineno-85-17"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-18" name="__codelineno-85-18" href="#__codelineno-85-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list capacity */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-19" name="__codelineno-85-19" href="#__codelineno-85-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-20" name="__codelineno-85-20" href="#__codelineno-85-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-21" name="__codelineno-85-21" href="#__codelineno-85-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-22" name="__codelineno-85-22" href="#__codelineno-85-22"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-23" name="__codelineno-85-23" href="#__codelineno-85-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Update element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-24" name="__codelineno-85-24" href="#__codelineno-85-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-25" name="__codelineno-85-25" href="#__codelineno-85-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// If the index is out of bounds, throw an exception, as below</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-26" name="__codelineno-85-26" href="#__codelineno-85-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Index out of bounds'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-27" name="__codelineno-85-27" href="#__codelineno-85-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-28" name="__codelineno-85-28" href="#__codelineno-85-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-29" name="__codelineno-85-29" href="#__codelineno-85-29"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-30" name="__codelineno-85-30" href="#__codelineno-85-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-31" name="__codelineno-85-31" href="#__codelineno-85-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-32" name="__codelineno-85-32" href="#__codelineno-85-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Index out of bounds'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-33" name="__codelineno-85-33" href="#__codelineno-85-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-34" name="__codelineno-85-34" href="#__codelineno-85-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-35" name="__codelineno-85-35" href="#__codelineno-85-35"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-36" name="__codelineno-85-36" href="#__codelineno-85-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Direct traversal of list elements */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-37" name="__codelineno-85-37" href="#__codelineno-85-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-38" name="__codelineno-85-38" href="#__codelineno-85-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// If length equals capacity, need to expand</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-39" name="__codelineno-85-39" href="#__codelineno-85-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-40" name="__codelineno-85-40" href="#__codelineno-85-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Add new element to end of list</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-41" name="__codelineno-85-41" href="#__codelineno-85-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-42" name="__codelineno-85-42" href="#__codelineno-85-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-43" name="__codelineno-85-43" href="#__codelineno-85-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-44" name="__codelineno-85-44" href="#__codelineno-85-44"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-45" name="__codelineno-85-45" href="#__codelineno-85-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Sort list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-46" name="__codelineno-85-46" href="#__codelineno-85-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-47" name="__codelineno-85-47" href="#__codelineno-85-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Index out of bounds'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-48" name="__codelineno-85-48" href="#__codelineno-85-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-49" name="__codelineno-85-49" href="#__codelineno-85-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-50" name="__codelineno-85-50" href="#__codelineno-85-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-51" name="__codelineno-85-51" href="#__codelineno-85-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-52" name="__codelineno-85-52" href="#__codelineno-85-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Move all elements after index index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-53" name="__codelineno-85-53" href="#__codelineno-85-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-54" name="__codelineno-85-54" href="#__codelineno-85-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-55" name="__codelineno-85-55" href="#__codelineno-85-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-56" name="__codelineno-85-56" href="#__codelineno-85-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-57" name="__codelineno-85-57" href="#__codelineno-85-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-58" name="__codelineno-85-58" href="#__codelineno-85-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-59" name="__codelineno-85-59" href="#__codelineno-85-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-60" name="__codelineno-85-60" href="#__codelineno-85-60"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-61" name="__codelineno-85-61" href="#__codelineno-85-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Remove element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-62" name="__codelineno-85-62" href="#__codelineno-85-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-63" name="__codelineno-85-63" href="#__codelineno-85-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ne">Error</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Index out of bounds'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-64" name="__codelineno-85-64" href="#__codelineno-85-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-65" name="__codelineno-85-65" href="#__codelineno-85-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Move all elements after index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-66" name="__codelineno-85-66" href="#__codelineno-85-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-67" name="__codelineno-85-67" href="#__codelineno-85-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-68" name="__codelineno-85-68" href="#__codelineno-85-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-69" name="__codelineno-85-69" href="#__codelineno-85-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-70" name="__codelineno-85-70" href="#__codelineno-85-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-71" name="__codelineno-85-71" href="#__codelineno-85-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Return the removed element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-72" name="__codelineno-85-72" href="#__codelineno-85-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-73" name="__codelineno-85-73" href="#__codelineno-85-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-74" name="__codelineno-85-74" href="#__codelineno-85-74"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-75" name="__codelineno-85-75" href="#__codelineno-85-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Driver Code */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-76" name="__codelineno-85-76" href="#__codelineno-85-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-77" name="__codelineno-85-77" href="#__codelineno-85-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Create new array of length size and copy original array to new array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-78" name="__codelineno-85-78" href="#__codelineno-85-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">concat</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-79" name="__codelineno-85-79" href="#__codelineno-85-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">))</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-80" name="__codelineno-85-80" href="#__codelineno-85-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-81" name="__codelineno-85-81" href="#__codelineno-85-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Add elements at the end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-82" name="__codelineno-85-82" href="#__codelineno-85-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-83" name="__codelineno-85-83" href="#__codelineno-85-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-84" name="__codelineno-85-84" href="#__codelineno-85-84"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-85" name="__codelineno-85-85" href="#__codelineno-85-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Convert list to array */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-86" name="__codelineno-85-86" href="#__codelineno-85-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">public</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-87" name="__codelineno-85-87" href="#__codelineno-85-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-88" name="__codelineno-85-88" href="#__codelineno-85-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Elements enqueue</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-89" name="__codelineno-85-89" href="#__codelineno-85-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-90" name="__codelineno-85-90" href="#__codelineno-85-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-91" name="__codelineno-85-91" href="#__codelineno-85-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-92" name="__codelineno-85-92" href="#__codelineno-85-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-93" name="__codelineno-85-93" href="#__codelineno-85-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-94" name="__codelineno-85-94" href="#__codelineno-85-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-95" name="__codelineno-85-95" href="#__codelineno-85-95"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-86-1" name="__codelineno-86-1" href="#__codelineno-86-1"></a><span class="cm">/* List class */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-2" name="__codelineno-86-2" href="#__codelineno-86-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-3" name="__codelineno-86-3" href="#__codelineno-86-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">late</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Array (stores list elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-4" name="__codelineno-86-4" href="#__codelineno-86-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-5" name="__codelineno-86-5" href="#__codelineno-86-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List length (current number of elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-6" name="__codelineno-86-6" href="#__codelineno-86-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Multiple by which the list capacity is extended each time</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-7" name="__codelineno-86-7" href="#__codelineno-86-7"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-8" name="__codelineno-86-8" href="#__codelineno-86-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Constructor */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-9" name="__codelineno-86-9" href="#__codelineno-86-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-10" name="__codelineno-86-10" href="#__codelineno-86-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-11" name="__codelineno-86-11" href="#__codelineno-86-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-12" name="__codelineno-86-12" href="#__codelineno-86-12"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-13" name="__codelineno-86-13" href="#__codelineno-86-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list length (current number of elements) */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-14" name="__codelineno-86-14" href="#__codelineno-86-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-15" name="__codelineno-86-15" href="#__codelineno-86-15"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-16" name="__codelineno-86-16" href="#__codelineno-86-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list capacity */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-17" name="__codelineno-86-17" href="#__codelineno-86-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-18" name="__codelineno-86-18" href="#__codelineno-86-18"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-19" name="__codelineno-86-19" href="#__codelineno-86-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Update element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-20" name="__codelineno-86-20" href="#__codelineno-86-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-21" name="__codelineno-86-21" href="#__codelineno-86-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RangeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Index out of bounds'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-22" name="__codelineno-86-22" href="#__codelineno-86-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-23" name="__codelineno-86-23" href="#__codelineno-86-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-24" name="__codelineno-86-24" href="#__codelineno-86-24"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-25" name="__codelineno-86-25" href="#__codelineno-86-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-26" name="__codelineno-86-26" href="#__codelineno-86-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-27" name="__codelineno-86-27" href="#__codelineno-86-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RangeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Index out of bounds'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-28" name="__codelineno-86-28" href="#__codelineno-86-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-29" name="__codelineno-86-29" href="#__codelineno-86-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-30" name="__codelineno-86-30" href="#__codelineno-86-30"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-31" name="__codelineno-86-31" href="#__codelineno-86-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Direct traversal of list elements */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-32" name="__codelineno-86-32" href="#__codelineno-86-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-33" name="__codelineno-86-33" href="#__codelineno-86-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-34" name="__codelineno-86-34" href="#__codelineno-86-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-35" name="__codelineno-86-35" href="#__codelineno-86-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-36" name="__codelineno-86-36" href="#__codelineno-86-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-37" name="__codelineno-86-37" href="#__codelineno-86-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-38" name="__codelineno-86-38" href="#__codelineno-86-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-39" name="__codelineno-86-39" href="#__codelineno-86-39"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-40" name="__codelineno-86-40" href="#__codelineno-86-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Sort list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-41" name="__codelineno-86-41" href="#__codelineno-86-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-42" name="__codelineno-86-42" href="#__codelineno-86-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RangeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Index out of bounds'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-43" name="__codelineno-86-43" href="#__codelineno-86-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-44" name="__codelineno-86-44" href="#__codelineno-86-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-45" name="__codelineno-86-45" href="#__codelineno-86-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Move all elements after index index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-46" name="__codelineno-86-46" href="#__codelineno-86-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-47" name="__codelineno-86-47" href="#__codelineno-86-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-48" name="__codelineno-86-48" href="#__codelineno-86-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-49" name="__codelineno-86-49" href="#__codelineno-86-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-50" name="__codelineno-86-50" href="#__codelineno-86-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-51" name="__codelineno-86-51" href="#__codelineno-86-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-52" name="__codelineno-86-52" href="#__codelineno-86-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-53" name="__codelineno-86-53" href="#__codelineno-86-53"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-54" name="__codelineno-86-54" href="#__codelineno-86-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Remove element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-55" name="__codelineno-86-55" href="#__codelineno-86-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-56" name="__codelineno-86-56" href="#__codelineno-86-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RangeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Index out of bounds'</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-57" name="__codelineno-86-57" href="#__codelineno-86-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-58" name="__codelineno-86-58" href="#__codelineno-86-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Move all elements after index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-59" name="__codelineno-86-59" href="#__codelineno-86-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-60" name="__codelineno-86-60" href="#__codelineno-86-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-61" name="__codelineno-86-61" href="#__codelineno-86-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-62" name="__codelineno-86-62" href="#__codelineno-86-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-63" name="__codelineno-86-63" href="#__codelineno-86-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-64" name="__codelineno-86-64" href="#__codelineno-86-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Return the removed element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-65" name="__codelineno-86-65" href="#__codelineno-86-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-66" name="__codelineno-86-66" href="#__codelineno-86-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-67" name="__codelineno-86-67" href="#__codelineno-86-67"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-68" name="__codelineno-86-68" href="#__codelineno-86-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Driver Code */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-69" name="__codelineno-86-69" href="#__codelineno-86-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-70" name="__codelineno-86-70" href="#__codelineno-86-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Create new array with length _extendRatio times original array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-71" name="__codelineno-86-71" href="#__codelineno-86-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_newNums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_extendRatio</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-72" name="__codelineno-86-72" href="#__codelineno-86-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Copy original array to new array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-73" name="__codelineno-86-73" href="#__codelineno-86-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">copyRange</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_newNums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-74" name="__codelineno-86-74" href="#__codelineno-86-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update _arr reference</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-75" name="__codelineno-86-75" href="#__codelineno-86-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_newNums</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-76" name="__codelineno-86-76" href="#__codelineno-86-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Add elements at the end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-77" name="__codelineno-86-77" href="#__codelineno-86-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-78" name="__codelineno-86-78" href="#__codelineno-86-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-79" name="__codelineno-86-79" href="#__codelineno-86-79"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-80" name="__codelineno-86-80" href="#__codelineno-86-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Convert list to array */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-81" name="__codelineno-86-81" href="#__codelineno-86-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">toArray</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-82" name="__codelineno-86-82" href="#__codelineno-86-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-83" name="__codelineno-86-83" href="#__codelineno-86-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-84" name="__codelineno-86-84" href="#__codelineno-86-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-85" name="__codelineno-86-85" href="#__codelineno-86-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-86" name="__codelineno-86-86" href="#__codelineno-86-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-87" name="__codelineno-86-87" href="#__codelineno-86-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-88" name="__codelineno-86-88" href="#__codelineno-86-88"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-87-1" name="__codelineno-87-1" href="#__codelineno-87-1"></a><span class="cm">/* List class */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-2" name="__codelineno-87-2" href="#__codelineno-87-2"></a><span class="cp">#[allow(dead_code)]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-3" name="__codelineno-87-3" href="#__codelineno-87-3"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-4" name="__codelineno-87-4" href="#__codelineno-87-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">></span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Array (stores list elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-5" name="__codelineno-87-5" href="#__codelineno-87-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-6" name="__codelineno-87-6" href="#__codelineno-87-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List length (current number of elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-7" name="__codelineno-87-7" href="#__codelineno-87-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Multiple by which the list capacity is extended each time</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-8" name="__codelineno-87-8" href="#__codelineno-87-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-9" name="__codelineno-87-9" href="#__codelineno-87-9"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-10" name="__codelineno-87-10" href="#__codelineno-87-10"></a><span class="cp">#[allow(unused, unused_comparisons)]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-11" name="__codelineno-87-11" href="#__codelineno-87-11"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-12" name="__codelineno-87-12" href="#__codelineno-87-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Constructor */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-13" name="__codelineno-87-13" href="#__codelineno-87-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-14" name="__codelineno-87-14" href="#__codelineno-87-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-15" name="__codelineno-87-15" href="#__codelineno-87-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-16" name="__codelineno-87-16" href="#__codelineno-87-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">vec</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-17" name="__codelineno-87-17" href="#__codelineno-87-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-18" name="__codelineno-87-18" href="#__codelineno-87-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-19" name="__codelineno-87-19" href="#__codelineno-87-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-20" name="__codelineno-87-20" href="#__codelineno-87-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-21" name="__codelineno-87-21" href="#__codelineno-87-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-22" name="__codelineno-87-22" href="#__codelineno-87-22"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-23" name="__codelineno-87-23" href="#__codelineno-87-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list length (current number of elements) */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-24" name="__codelineno-87-24" href="#__codelineno-87-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-25" name="__codelineno-87-25" href="#__codelineno-87-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-26" name="__codelineno-87-26" href="#__codelineno-87-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-27" name="__codelineno-87-27" href="#__codelineno-87-27"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-28" name="__codelineno-87-28" href="#__codelineno-87-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list capacity */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-29" name="__codelineno-87-29" href="#__codelineno-87-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-30" name="__codelineno-87-30" href="#__codelineno-87-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-31" name="__codelineno-87-31" href="#__codelineno-87-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-32" name="__codelineno-87-32" href="#__codelineno-87-32"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-33" name="__codelineno-87-33" href="#__codelineno-87-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Update element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-34" name="__codelineno-87-34" href="#__codelineno-87-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-35" name="__codelineno-87-35" href="#__codelineno-87-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// If the index is out of bounds, throw an exception, as below</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-36" name="__codelineno-87-36" href="#__codelineno-87-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-37" name="__codelineno-87-37" href="#__codelineno-87-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-38" name="__codelineno-87-38" href="#__codelineno-87-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-39" name="__codelineno-87-39" href="#__codelineno-87-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-40" name="__codelineno-87-40" href="#__codelineno-87-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-41" name="__codelineno-87-41" href="#__codelineno-87-41"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-42" name="__codelineno-87-42" href="#__codelineno-87-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-43" name="__codelineno-87-43" href="#__codelineno-87-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-44" name="__codelineno-87-44" href="#__codelineno-87-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-45" name="__codelineno-87-45" href="#__codelineno-87-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-46" name="__codelineno-87-46" href="#__codelineno-87-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-47" name="__codelineno-87-47" href="#__codelineno-87-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-48" name="__codelineno-87-48" href="#__codelineno-87-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-49" name="__codelineno-87-49" href="#__codelineno-87-49"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-50" name="__codelineno-87-50" href="#__codelineno-87-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Direct traversal of list elements */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-51" name="__codelineno-87-51" href="#__codelineno-87-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-52" name="__codelineno-87-52" href="#__codelineno-87-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-53" name="__codelineno-87-53" href="#__codelineno-87-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-54" name="__codelineno-87-54" href="#__codelineno-87-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">extend_capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-55" name="__codelineno-87-55" href="#__codelineno-87-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-56" name="__codelineno-87-56" href="#__codelineno-87-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-57" name="__codelineno-87-57" href="#__codelineno-87-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-58" name="__codelineno-87-58" href="#__codelineno-87-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-59" name="__codelineno-87-59" href="#__codelineno-87-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-60" name="__codelineno-87-60" href="#__codelineno-87-60"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-61" name="__codelineno-87-61" href="#__codelineno-87-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Sort list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-62" name="__codelineno-87-62" href="#__codelineno-87-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-63" name="__codelineno-87-63" href="#__codelineno-87-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-64" name="__codelineno-87-64" href="#__codelineno-87-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-65" name="__codelineno-87-65" href="#__codelineno-87-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-66" name="__codelineno-87-66" href="#__codelineno-87-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-67" name="__codelineno-87-67" href="#__codelineno-87-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-68" name="__codelineno-87-68" href="#__codelineno-87-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">extend_capacity</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-69" name="__codelineno-87-69" href="#__codelineno-87-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-70" name="__codelineno-87-70" href="#__codelineno-87-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Move all elements after index index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-71" name="__codelineno-87-71" href="#__codelineno-87-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">rev</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-72" name="__codelineno-87-72" href="#__codelineno-87-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-73" name="__codelineno-87-73" href="#__codelineno-87-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-74" name="__codelineno-87-74" href="#__codelineno-87-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-75" name="__codelineno-87-75" href="#__codelineno-87-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-76" name="__codelineno-87-76" href="#__codelineno-87-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-77" name="__codelineno-87-77" href="#__codelineno-87-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-78" name="__codelineno-87-78" href="#__codelineno-87-78"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-79" name="__codelineno-87-79" href="#__codelineno-87-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Remove element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-80" name="__codelineno-87-80" href="#__codelineno-87-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-81" name="__codelineno-87-81" href="#__codelineno-87-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-82" name="__codelineno-87-82" href="#__codelineno-87-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">panic!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-83" name="__codelineno-87-83" href="#__codelineno-87-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-84" name="__codelineno-87-84" href="#__codelineno-87-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-85" name="__codelineno-87-85" href="#__codelineno-87-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Create a new array with length _extend_ratio times the original array, and copy the original array to the new array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-86" name="__codelineno-87-86" href="#__codelineno-87-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-87" name="__codelineno-87-87" href="#__codelineno-87-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-88" name="__codelineno-87-88" href="#__codelineno-87-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-89" name="__codelineno-87-89" href="#__codelineno-87-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-90" name="__codelineno-87-90" href="#__codelineno-87-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-91" name="__codelineno-87-91" href="#__codelineno-87-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Return the removed element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-92" name="__codelineno-87-92" href="#__codelineno-87-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-93" name="__codelineno-87-93" href="#__codelineno-87-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-94" name="__codelineno-87-94" href="#__codelineno-87-94"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-95" name="__codelineno-87-95" href="#__codelineno-87-95"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Driver Code */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-96" name="__codelineno-87-96" href="#__codelineno-87-96"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend_capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-97" name="__codelineno-87-97" href="#__codelineno-87-97"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Create new array with length extend_ratio times original, copy original array to new array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-98" name="__codelineno-87-98" href="#__codelineno-87-98"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">new_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">extend_ratio</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-99" name="__codelineno-87-99" href="#__codelineno-87-99"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">resize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">new_capacity</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-100" name="__codelineno-87-100" href="#__codelineno-87-100"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Add elements at the end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-101" name="__codelineno-87-101" href="#__codelineno-87-101"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">new_capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-102" name="__codelineno-87-102" href="#__codelineno-87-102"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-103" name="__codelineno-87-103" href="#__codelineno-87-103"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-104" name="__codelineno-87-104" href="#__codelineno-87-104"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Convert list to array */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-105" name="__codelineno-87-105" href="#__codelineno-87-105"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pub</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">to_array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-106" name="__codelineno-87-106" href="#__codelineno-87-106"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Elements enqueue</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-107" name="__codelineno-87-107" href="#__codelineno-87-107"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-108" name="__codelineno-87-108" href="#__codelineno-87-108"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-109" name="__codelineno-87-109" href="#__codelineno-87-109"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-110" name="__codelineno-87-110" href="#__codelineno-87-110"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-111" name="__codelineno-87-111" href="#__codelineno-87-111"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-112" name="__codelineno-87-112" href="#__codelineno-87-112"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-113" name="__codelineno-87-113" href="#__codelineno-87-113"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-88-1" name="__codelineno-88-1" href="#__codelineno-88-1"></a><span class="cm">/* List class */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-2" name="__codelineno-88-2" href="#__codelineno-88-2"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-3" name="__codelineno-88-3" href="#__codelineno-88-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Array (stores list elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-4" name="__codelineno-88-4" href="#__codelineno-88-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-5" name="__codelineno-88-5" href="#__codelineno-88-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List size</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-6" name="__codelineno-88-6" href="#__codelineno-88-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List expansion multiplier</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-7" name="__codelineno-88-7" href="#__codelineno-88-7"></a><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-8" name="__codelineno-88-8" href="#__codelineno-88-8"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-9" name="__codelineno-88-9" href="#__codelineno-88-9"></a><span class="cm">/* Constructor */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-10" name="__codelineno-88-10" href="#__codelineno-88-10"></a><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">newMyList</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-11" name="__codelineno-88-11" href="#__codelineno-88-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-12" name="__codelineno-88-12" href="#__codelineno-88-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-13" name="__codelineno-88-13" href="#__codelineno-88-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-14" name="__codelineno-88-14" href="#__codelineno-88-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-15" name="__codelineno-88-15" href="#__codelineno-88-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-16" name="__codelineno-88-16" href="#__codelineno-88-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-17" name="__codelineno-88-17" href="#__codelineno-88-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-18" name="__codelineno-88-18" href="#__codelineno-88-18"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-19" name="__codelineno-88-19" href="#__codelineno-88-19"></a><span class="cm">/* Destructor */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-20" name="__codelineno-88-20" href="#__codelineno-88-20"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">delMyList</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-21" name="__codelineno-88-21" href="#__codelineno-88-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-22" name="__codelineno-88-22" href="#__codelineno-88-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-23" name="__codelineno-88-23" href="#__codelineno-88-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-24" name="__codelineno-88-24" href="#__codelineno-88-24"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-25" name="__codelineno-88-25" href="#__codelineno-88-25"></a><span class="cm">/* Get list length */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-26" name="__codelineno-88-26" href="#__codelineno-88-26"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-27" name="__codelineno-88-27" href="#__codelineno-88-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-28" name="__codelineno-88-28" href="#__codelineno-88-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-29" name="__codelineno-88-29" href="#__codelineno-88-29"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-30" name="__codelineno-88-30" href="#__codelineno-88-30"></a><span class="cm">/* Get list capacity */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-31" name="__codelineno-88-31" href="#__codelineno-88-31"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-32" name="__codelineno-88-32" href="#__codelineno-88-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-33" name="__codelineno-88-33" href="#__codelineno-88-33"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-34" name="__codelineno-88-34" href="#__codelineno-88-34"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-35" name="__codelineno-88-35" href="#__codelineno-88-35"></a><span class="cm">/* Update element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-36" name="__codelineno-88-36" href="#__codelineno-88-36"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-37" name="__codelineno-88-37" href="#__codelineno-88-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-38" name="__codelineno-88-38" href="#__codelineno-88-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-39" name="__codelineno-88-39" href="#__codelineno-88-39"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-40" name="__codelineno-88-40" href="#__codelineno-88-40"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-41" name="__codelineno-88-41" href="#__codelineno-88-41"></a><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-42" name="__codelineno-88-42" href="#__codelineno-88-42"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-43" name="__codelineno-88-43" href="#__codelineno-88-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-44" name="__codelineno-88-44" href="#__codelineno-88-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-45" name="__codelineno-88-45" href="#__codelineno-88-45"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-46" name="__codelineno-88-46" href="#__codelineno-88-46"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-47" name="__codelineno-88-47" href="#__codelineno-88-47"></a><span class="cm">/* Direct traversal of list elements */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-48" name="__codelineno-88-48" href="#__codelineno-88-48"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-49" name="__codelineno-88-49" href="#__codelineno-88-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-50" name="__codelineno-88-50" href="#__codelineno-88-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Expand capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-51" name="__codelineno-88-51" href="#__codelineno-88-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-52" name="__codelineno-88-52" href="#__codelineno-88-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-53" name="__codelineno-88-53" href="#__codelineno-88-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-54" name="__codelineno-88-54" href="#__codelineno-88-54"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-55" name="__codelineno-88-55" href="#__codelineno-88-55"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-56" name="__codelineno-88-56" href="#__codelineno-88-56"></a><span class="cm">/* Sort list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-57" name="__codelineno-88-57" href="#__codelineno-88-57"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-58" name="__codelineno-88-58" href="#__codelineno-88-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-59" name="__codelineno-88-59" href="#__codelineno-88-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-60" name="__codelineno-88-60" href="#__codelineno-88-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-61" name="__codelineno-88-61" href="#__codelineno-88-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Expand capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-62" name="__codelineno-88-62" href="#__codelineno-88-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-63" name="__codelineno-88-63" href="#__codelineno-88-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">--</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-64" name="__codelineno-88-64" href="#__codelineno-88-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-65" name="__codelineno-88-65" href="#__codelineno-88-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-66" name="__codelineno-88-66" href="#__codelineno-88-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-67" name="__codelineno-88-67" href="#__codelineno-88-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-68" name="__codelineno-88-68" href="#__codelineno-88-68"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-69" name="__codelineno-88-69" href="#__codelineno-88-69"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-70" name="__codelineno-88-70" href="#__codelineno-88-70"></a><span class="cm">/* Remove element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-71" name="__codelineno-88-71" href="#__codelineno-88-71"></a><span class="c1">// Note: stdio.h occupies the remove keyword</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-72" name="__codelineno-88-72" href="#__codelineno-88-72"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeItem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-73" name="__codelineno-88-73" href="#__codelineno-88-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">assert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&&</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-74" name="__codelineno-88-74" href="#__codelineno-88-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-75" name="__codelineno-88-75" href="#__codelineno-88-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-76" name="__codelineno-88-76" href="#__codelineno-88-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-77" name="__codelineno-88-77" href="#__codelineno-88-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-78" name="__codelineno-88-78" href="#__codelineno-88-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-79" name="__codelineno-88-79" href="#__codelineno-88-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-80" name="__codelineno-88-80" href="#__codelineno-88-80"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-81" name="__codelineno-88-81" href="#__codelineno-88-81"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-82" name="__codelineno-88-82" href="#__codelineno-88-82"></a><span class="cm">/* Driver Code */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-83" name="__codelineno-88-83" href="#__codelineno-88-83"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-84" name="__codelineno-88-84" href="#__codelineno-88-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Allocate space first</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-85" name="__codelineno-88-85" href="#__codelineno-88-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newCapacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-86" name="__codelineno-88-86" href="#__codelineno-88-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newCapacity</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-87" name="__codelineno-88-87" href="#__codelineno-88-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-88" name="__codelineno-88-88" href="#__codelineno-88-88"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-89" name="__codelineno-88-89" href="#__codelineno-88-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Copy old data to new data</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-90" name="__codelineno-88-90" href="#__codelineno-88-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-91" name="__codelineno-88-91" href="#__codelineno-88-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-92" name="__codelineno-88-92" href="#__codelineno-88-92"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-93" name="__codelineno-88-93" href="#__codelineno-88-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Free old data</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-94" name="__codelineno-88-94" href="#__codelineno-88-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">temp</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-95" name="__codelineno-88-95" href="#__codelineno-88-95"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-96" name="__codelineno-88-96" href="#__codelineno-88-96"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update new data</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-97" name="__codelineno-88-97" href="#__codelineno-88-97"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-98" name="__codelineno-88-98" href="#__codelineno-88-98"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newCapacity</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-99" name="__codelineno-88-99" href="#__codelineno-88-99"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-100" name="__codelineno-88-100" href="#__codelineno-88-100"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-101" name="__codelineno-88-101" href="#__codelineno-88-101"></a><span class="cm">/* Convert list to Array for printing */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-102" name="__codelineno-88-102" href="#__codelineno-88-102"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-103" name="__codelineno-88-103" href="#__codelineno-88-103"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-104" name="__codelineno-88-104" href="#__codelineno-88-104"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-89-1" name="__codelineno-89-1" href="#__codelineno-89-1"></a><span class="cm">/* List class */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-2" name="__codelineno-89-2" href="#__codelineno-89-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">MyList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-3" name="__codelineno-89-3" href="#__codelineno-89-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">arr</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">intArrayOf</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Array (stores list elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-4" name="__codelineno-89-4" href="#__codelineno-89-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">capacity</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-5" name="__codelineno-89-5" href="#__codelineno-89-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">size</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// List length (current number of elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-6" name="__codelineno-89-6" href="#__codelineno-89-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">private</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">extendRatio</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Multiple by which the list capacity is extended each time</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-7" name="__codelineno-89-7" href="#__codelineno-89-7"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-8" name="__codelineno-89-8" href="#__codelineno-89-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Constructor */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-9" name="__codelineno-89-9" href="#__codelineno-89-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">init</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-10" name="__codelineno-89-10" href="#__codelineno-89-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-11" name="__codelineno-89-11" href="#__codelineno-89-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-12" name="__codelineno-89-12" href="#__codelineno-89-12"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-13" name="__codelineno-89-13" href="#__codelineno-89-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list length (current number of elements) */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-14" name="__codelineno-89-14" href="#__codelineno-89-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">size</span><span class="p">():</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-15" name="__codelineno-89-15" href="#__codelineno-89-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-16" name="__codelineno-89-16" href="#__codelineno-89-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-17" name="__codelineno-89-17" href="#__codelineno-89-17"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-18" name="__codelineno-89-18" href="#__codelineno-89-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Get list capacity */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-19" name="__codelineno-89-19" href="#__codelineno-89-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">capacity</span><span class="p">():</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-20" name="__codelineno-89-20" href="#__codelineno-89-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-21" name="__codelineno-89-21" href="#__codelineno-89-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-22" name="__codelineno-89-22" href="#__codelineno-89-22"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-23" name="__codelineno-89-23" href="#__codelineno-89-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Update element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-24" name="__codelineno-89-24" href="#__codelineno-89-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-25" name="__codelineno-89-25" href="#__codelineno-89-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// If the index is out of bounds, throw an exception, as below</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-26" name="__codelineno-89-26" href="#__codelineno-89-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-27" name="__codelineno-89-27" href="#__codelineno-89-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-28" name="__codelineno-89-28" href="#__codelineno-89-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-29" name="__codelineno-89-29" href="#__codelineno-89-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-30" name="__codelineno-89-30" href="#__codelineno-89-30"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-31" name="__codelineno-89-31" href="#__codelineno-89-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Add elements at the end */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-32" name="__codelineno-89-32" href="#__codelineno-89-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-33" name="__codelineno-89-33" href="#__codelineno-89-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-34" name="__codelineno-89-34" href="#__codelineno-89-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-35" name="__codelineno-89-35" href="#__codelineno-89-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-36" name="__codelineno-89-36" href="#__codelineno-89-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-37" name="__codelineno-89-37" href="#__codelineno-89-37"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-38" name="__codelineno-89-38" href="#__codelineno-89-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Direct traversal of list elements */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-39" name="__codelineno-89-39" href="#__codelineno-89-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-40" name="__codelineno-89-40" href="#__codelineno-89-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-41" name="__codelineno-89-41" href="#__codelineno-89-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-42" name="__codelineno-89-42" href="#__codelineno-89-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-43" name="__codelineno-89-43" href="#__codelineno-89-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-44" name="__codelineno-89-44" href="#__codelineno-89-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-45" name="__codelineno-89-45" href="#__codelineno-89-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-46" name="__codelineno-89-46" href="#__codelineno-89-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-47" name="__codelineno-89-47" href="#__codelineno-89-47"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-48" name="__codelineno-89-48" href="#__codelineno-89-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Sort list */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-49" name="__codelineno-89-49" href="#__codelineno-89-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-50" name="__codelineno-89-50" href="#__codelineno-89-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-51" name="__codelineno-89-51" href="#__codelineno-89-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-52" name="__codelineno-89-52" href="#__codelineno-89-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-53" name="__codelineno-89-53" href="#__codelineno-89-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">())</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-54" name="__codelineno-89-54" href="#__codelineno-89-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-55" name="__codelineno-89-55" href="#__codelineno-89-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Move all elements after index index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-56" name="__codelineno-89-56" href="#__codelineno-89-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">downTo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-57" name="__codelineno-89-57" href="#__codelineno-89-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-58" name="__codelineno-89-58" href="#__codelineno-89-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-59" name="__codelineno-89-59" href="#__codelineno-89-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-60" name="__codelineno-89-60" href="#__codelineno-89-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">++</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-61" name="__codelineno-89-61" href="#__codelineno-89-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-62" name="__codelineno-89-62" href="#__codelineno-89-62"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-63" name="__codelineno-89-63" href="#__codelineno-89-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Remove element */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-64" name="__codelineno-89-64" href="#__codelineno-89-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-65" name="__codelineno-89-65" href="#__codelineno-89-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-66" name="__codelineno-89-66" href="#__codelineno-89-66"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">throw</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IndexOutOfBoundsException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-67" name="__codelineno-89-67" href="#__codelineno-89-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-68" name="__codelineno-89-68" href="#__codelineno-89-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Move all elements after index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-69" name="__codelineno-89-69" href="#__codelineno-89-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-70" name="__codelineno-89-70" href="#__codelineno-89-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-71" name="__codelineno-89-71" href="#__codelineno-89-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-72" name="__codelineno-89-72" href="#__codelineno-89-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">--</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-73" name="__codelineno-89-73" href="#__codelineno-89-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Return the removed element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-74" name="__codelineno-89-74" href="#__codelineno-89-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-75" name="__codelineno-89-75" href="#__codelineno-89-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-76" name="__codelineno-89-76" href="#__codelineno-89-76"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-77" name="__codelineno-89-77" href="#__codelineno-89-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Driver Code */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-78" name="__codelineno-89-78" href="#__codelineno-89-78"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extendCapacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-79" name="__codelineno-89-79" href="#__codelineno-89-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Create a new array with length extendRatio times the original array and copy the original array to the new array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-80" name="__codelineno-89-80" href="#__codelineno-89-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">copyOf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extendRatio</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-81" name="__codelineno-89-81" href="#__codelineno-89-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Add elements at the end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-82" name="__codelineno-89-82" href="#__codelineno-89-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-83" name="__codelineno-89-83" href="#__codelineno-89-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-84" name="__codelineno-89-84" href="#__codelineno-89-84"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-85" name="__codelineno-89-85" href="#__codelineno-89-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Convert list to array */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-86" name="__codelineno-89-86" href="#__codelineno-89-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">toArray</span><span class="p">():</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-87" name="__codelineno-89-87" href="#__codelineno-89-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-88" name="__codelineno-89-88" href="#__codelineno-89-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Elements enqueue</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-89" name="__codelineno-89-89" href="#__codelineno-89-89"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-90" name="__codelineno-89-90" href="#__codelineno-89-90"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0.</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-91" name="__codelineno-89-91" href="#__codelineno-89-91"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-92" name="__codelineno-89-92" href="#__codelineno-89-92"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-93" name="__codelineno-89-93" href="#__codelineno-89-93"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-94" name="__codelineno-89-94" href="#__codelineno-89-94"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-95" name="__codelineno-89-95" href="#__codelineno-89-95"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">my_list.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-90-1" name="__codelineno-90-1" href="#__codelineno-90-1"></a><span class="c1">### List class ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-2" name="__codelineno-90-2" href="#__codelineno-90-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">MyList</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-3" name="__codelineno-90-3" href="#__codelineno-90-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">attr_reader</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">:size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Get list length (current number of elements)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-4" name="__codelineno-90-4" href="#__codelineno-90-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">attr_reader</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">:capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Get list capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-5" name="__codelineno-90-5" href="#__codelineno-90-5"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-6" name="__codelineno-90-6" href="#__codelineno-90-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">### Constructor ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-7" name="__codelineno-90-7" href="#__codelineno-90-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">initialize</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-8" name="__codelineno-90-8" href="#__codelineno-90-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-9" name="__codelineno-90-9" href="#__codelineno-90-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-10" name="__codelineno-90-10" href="#__codelineno-90-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@extend_ratio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-11" name="__codelineno-90-11" href="#__codelineno-90-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-12" name="__codelineno-90-12" href="#__codelineno-90-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-13" name="__codelineno-90-13" href="#__codelineno-90-13"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-14" name="__codelineno-90-14" href="#__codelineno-90-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">### Access element ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-15" name="__codelineno-90-15" href="#__codelineno-90-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-16" name="__codelineno-90-16" href="#__codelineno-90-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># If the index is out of bounds, throw an exception, as below</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-17" name="__codelineno-90-17" href="#__codelineno-90-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">raise</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">IndexError</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-18" name="__codelineno-90-18" href="#__codelineno-90-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-19" name="__codelineno-90-19" href="#__codelineno-90-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-20" name="__codelineno-90-20" href="#__codelineno-90-20"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-21" name="__codelineno-90-21" href="#__codelineno-90-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">### Access element ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-22" name="__codelineno-90-22" href="#__codelineno-90-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-23" name="__codelineno-90-23" href="#__codelineno-90-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">raise</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">IndexError</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-24" name="__codelineno-90-24" href="#__codelineno-90-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-25" name="__codelineno-90-25" href="#__codelineno-90-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-26" name="__codelineno-90-26" href="#__codelineno-90-26"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-27" name="__codelineno-90-27" href="#__codelineno-90-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">### Add element at end ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-28" name="__codelineno-90-28" href="#__codelineno-90-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-29" name="__codelineno-90-29" href="#__codelineno-90-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-30" name="__codelineno-90-30" href="#__codelineno-90-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-31" name="__codelineno-90-31" href="#__codelineno-90-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-32" name="__codelineno-90-32" href="#__codelineno-90-32"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-33" name="__codelineno-90-33" href="#__codelineno-90-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-34" name="__codelineno-90-34" href="#__codelineno-90-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-35" name="__codelineno-90-35" href="#__codelineno-90-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-36" name="__codelineno-90-36" href="#__codelineno-90-36"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-37" name="__codelineno-90-37" href="#__codelineno-90-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">### Insert element in middle ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-38" name="__codelineno-90-38" href="#__codelineno-90-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-39" name="__codelineno-90-39" href="#__codelineno-90-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">raise</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">IndexError</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-40" name="__codelineno-90-40" href="#__codelineno-90-40"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-41" name="__codelineno-90-41" href="#__codelineno-90-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># When the number of elements exceeds capacity, trigger the extension mechanism</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-42" name="__codelineno-90-42" href="#__codelineno-90-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend_capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-43" name="__codelineno-90-43" href="#__codelineno-90-43"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-44" name="__codelineno-90-44" href="#__codelineno-90-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Move all elements after index index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-45" name="__codelineno-90-45" href="#__codelineno-90-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">downto</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-46" name="__codelineno-90-46" href="#__codelineno-90-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-47" name="__codelineno-90-47" href="#__codelineno-90-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-48" name="__codelineno-90-48" href="#__codelineno-90-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-49" name="__codelineno-90-49" href="#__codelineno-90-49"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-50" name="__codelineno-90-50" href="#__codelineno-90-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-51" name="__codelineno-90-51" href="#__codelineno-90-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-52" name="__codelineno-90-52" href="#__codelineno-90-52"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-53" name="__codelineno-90-53" href="#__codelineno-90-53"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-54" name="__codelineno-90-54" href="#__codelineno-90-54"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">### Delete element ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-55" name="__codelineno-90-55" href="#__codelineno-90-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-56" name="__codelineno-90-56" href="#__codelineno-90-56"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">raise</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">IndexError</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"Index out of bounds"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-57" name="__codelineno-90-57" href="#__codelineno-90-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-58" name="__codelineno-90-58" href="#__codelineno-90-58"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-59" name="__codelineno-90-59" href="#__codelineno-90-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Move all elements after index forward by one position</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-60" name="__codelineno-90-60" href="#__codelineno-90-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">size</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-61" name="__codelineno-90-61" href="#__codelineno-90-61"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-62" name="__codelineno-90-62" href="#__codelineno-90-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-63" name="__codelineno-90-63" href="#__codelineno-90-63"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-64" name="__codelineno-90-64" href="#__codelineno-90-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Update the number of elements</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-65" name="__codelineno-90-65" href="#__codelineno-90-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-66" name="__codelineno-90-66" href="#__codelineno-90-66"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-67" name="__codelineno-90-67" href="#__codelineno-90-67"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Return the removed element</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-68" name="__codelineno-90-68" href="#__codelineno-90-68"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-69" name="__codelineno-90-69" href="#__codelineno-90-69"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-70" name="__codelineno-90-70" href="#__codelineno-90-70"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-71" name="__codelineno-90-71" href="#__codelineno-90-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">### Expand list capacity ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-72" name="__codelineno-90-72" href="#__codelineno-90-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend_capacity</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-73" name="__codelineno-90-73" href="#__codelineno-90-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Create new array with length extend_ratio times original, copy original array to new array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-74" name="__codelineno-90-74" href="#__codelineno-90-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@arr</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dup</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="vi">@extend_ratio</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-75" name="__codelineno-90-75" href="#__codelineno-90-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Add elements at the end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-76" name="__codelineno-90-76" href="#__codelineno-90-76"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@capacity</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-77" name="__codelineno-90-77" href="#__codelineno-90-77"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-78" name="__codelineno-90-78" href="#__codelineno-90-78"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-79" name="__codelineno-90-79" href="#__codelineno-90-79"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">### Convert list to array ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-80" name="__codelineno-90-80" href="#__codelineno-90-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">to_array</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-81" name="__codelineno-90-81" href="#__codelineno-90-81"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sz</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-82" name="__codelineno-90-82" href="#__codelineno-90-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Elements enqueue</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-83" name="__codelineno-90-83" href="#__codelineno-90-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sz</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-84" name="__codelineno-90-84" href="#__codelineno-90-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">sz</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-85" name="__codelineno-90-85" href="#__codelineno-90-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-86" name="__codelineno-90-86" href="#__codelineno-90-86"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-87" name="__codelineno-90-87" href="#__codelineno-90-87"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-88" name="__codelineno-90-88" href="#__codelineno-90-88"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-89" name="__codelineno-90-89" href="#__codelineno-90-89"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
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