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Перед началом
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Перед началом
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Глава 0. Предисловие
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</a>
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Глава 0. Предисловие
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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0.1 Об этой книге
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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0.2 Как пользоваться этой книгой
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</span>
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0.3 Резюме
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</span>
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|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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Глава 1. Знакомство с алгоритмами
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|
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</span>
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Глава 1. Знакомство с алгоритмами
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1.1 Алгоритмы повсюду
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</span>
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|
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</a>
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1.2 Что такое структуры данных и алгоритмы
|
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</span>
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|
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</a>
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1.3 Резюме
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</span>
|
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|
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|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Глава 2. Анализ сложности
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|
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|
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|
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</span>
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</a>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_4_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Глава 2. Анализ сложности
|
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|
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|
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</label>
|
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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|
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2.1 Оценка эффективности алгоритмов
|
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|
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|
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|
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</span>
|
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|
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|
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|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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2.2 Итерация и рекурсия
|
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|
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|
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|
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</span>
|
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|
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|
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|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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|
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|
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2.3 Временная сложность
|
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|
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|
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|
||
</span>
|
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|
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|
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|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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|
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2.4 Пространственная сложность
|
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|
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|
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</span>
|
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|
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|
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|
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</a>
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</li>
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
2.5 Резюме
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
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|
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/" class="md-nav__link ">
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|
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|
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M11 13.5v8H3v-8zm-2 2H5v4h4zM12 2l5.5 9h-11zm0 3.86L10.08 9h3.84zM17.5 13c2.5 0 4.5 2 4.5 4.5S20 22 17.5 22 13 20 13 17.5s2-4.5 4.5-4.5m0 2a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5-2.5"/></svg>
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 3. Структуры данных
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
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|
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|
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_5" id="__nav_5_label" tabindex="0">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
|
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|
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_5_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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|
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|
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Глава 3. Структуры данных
|
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|
||
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/classification_of_data_structure/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
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|
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|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.1 Классификация структур данных
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/basic_data_types/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
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|
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|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.2 Базовые типы данных
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/number_encoding/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.3 Кодирование чисел *
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.4 Кодирование символов *
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.5 Резюме
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
|
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|
||
|
||
|
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" checked>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
|
||
<a href="../" class="md-nav__link ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 5v14h17V5zm4 2v2H5V7zm-2 6v-2h2v2zm0 2h2v2H5zm13 2H9v-2h9zm0-4H9v-2h9zm0-4H9V7h9z"/></svg>
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 4. Массив и связный список
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_6" id="__nav_6_label" tabindex="0">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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</label>
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|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_6_label" aria-expanded="true">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 4. Массив и связный список
|
||
|
||
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
|
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|
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
|
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|
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|
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|
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<label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.1 Массив
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
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|
||
<a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.1 Массив
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Содержание">
|
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|
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|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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Содержание
|
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</label>
|
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#411" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
4.1.1 Основные операции с массивом
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="4.1.1 Основные операции с массивом">
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list">
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#1" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
1. Инициализация массива
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#2" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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|
||
2. Доступ к элементам
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#3" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
3. Вставка элемента
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#4" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
4. Удаление элемента
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#5" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
5. Обход массива
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#6" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
6. Поиск элемента
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#7" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
7. Расширение массива
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#412" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
4.1.2 Преимущества и ограничения массива
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="#413" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
4.1.3 Типичные применения массива
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../linked_list/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.2 Связный список
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../list/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.3 Список
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../ram_and_cache/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.4 Память и кеш *
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.5 Резюме
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
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|
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|
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|
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_7" >
|
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|
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|
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/" class="md-nav__link ">
|
||
|
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|
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|
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17.36 20.2v-5.38h1.79V22H3v-7.18h1.8v5.38zM6.77 14.32l.37-1.76 8.79 1.85-.37 1.76zm1.16-4.21.76-1.61 8.14 3.78-.76 1.62zm2.26-3.99 1.15-1.38 6.9 5.76-1.15 1.37zm4.45-4.25L20 9.08l-1.44 1.07-5.36-7.21zM6.59 18.41v-1.8h8.98v1.8z"/></svg>
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 5. Стек и очередь
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_7" id="__nav_7_label" tabindex="0">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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</label>
|
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|
||
</div>
|
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|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_7_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_7">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 5. Стек и очередь
|
||
|
||
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.1 Стек
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.2 Очередь
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.3 Двусторонняя очередь
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
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|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.4 Резюме
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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</a>
|
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</ul>
|
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</nav>
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</li>
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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|
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|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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|
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|
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Глава 6. Хеширование
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|
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|
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|
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</span>
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</a>
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_8">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Глава 6. Хеширование
|
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|
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|
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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|
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|
||
6.1 Хеш-таблица
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
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</li>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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|
||
|
||
6.2 Хеш-коллизии
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
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</li>
|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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|
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|
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|
||
6.3 Хеш-алгоритмы
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
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</li>
|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
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|
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|
||
6.4 Резюме
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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</ul>
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</nav>
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|
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|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
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|
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|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 7. Дерево
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
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|
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|
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|
||
</a>
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_9_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_9">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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|
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|
||
Глава 7. Дерево
|
||
|
||
|
||
</label>
|
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.1 Двоичное дерево
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.2 Обход двоичного дерева
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
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|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.3 Представление дерева массивом
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.4 Двоичное дерево поиска
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/avl_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.5 AVL-дерево *
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_tree/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.6 Резюме
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
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|
||
</li>
|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_10" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/" class="md-nav__link ">
|
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|
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|
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|
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 1a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5 2.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 11 5.79V7H7a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 3.5 12 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5 14.29V15H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v1.21A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 .5 20.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 3 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 4 18.21V17h4v1.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5 2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 9 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5-2.29V17a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H7v-.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 8.5 12 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 7 9.71V9h10v.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 15.5 12a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 1.5 2.29V15h-1a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v1.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5 2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 15 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5-2.29V17h4v1.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5 2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 21 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5-2.29V17a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-1v-.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 20.5 12 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 19 9.71V9a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-4V5.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 1.5-2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 12 1m0 1.5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1M6 11a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m12 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1M3 19.5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m6 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m6 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m6 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1"/></svg>
|
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|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 8. Куча
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_10" id="__nav_10_label" tabindex="0">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</div>
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|
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_10_label" aria-expanded="false">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_10">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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|
||
|
||
Глава 8. Куча
|
||
|
||
|
||
</label>
|
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/heap/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
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|
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|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
8.1 Куча
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/build_heap/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
8.2 Построение кучи
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/top_k/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
8.3 Задача Top-K
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_heap/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
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|
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|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
8.4 Резюме
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
|
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|
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|
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|
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</ul>
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</nav>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_11" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_graph/" class="md-nav__link ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12 5.37-.44-.06L6 14.9c.24.21.4.48.47.78h11.06c.07-.3.23-.57.47-.78l-5.56-9.59zM6.6 16.53l4.28 2.53c.29-.27.69-.43 1.12-.43s.83.16 1.12.43l4.28-2.53zM12 22a1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.68-1.68l.09-.56-4.3-2.55c-.31.36-.76.58-1.27.58a1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.68-1.68c0-.79.53-1.45 1.26-1.64V9.36c-.83-.11-1.47-.82-1.47-1.68A1.68 1.68 0 0 1 4.63 6c.55 0 1.03.26 1.34.66l4.41-2.53-.06-.45c0-.93.75-1.68 1.68-1.68s1.68.75 1.68 1.68l-.06.45 4.41 2.53c.31-.4.79-.66 1.34-.66a1.68 1.68 0 0 1 1.68 1.68c0 .86-.64 1.57-1.47 1.68v5.11c.73.19 1.26.85 1.26 1.64a1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.68 1.68c-.51 0-.96-.22-1.27-.58l-4.3 2.55.09.56A1.68 1.68 0 0 1 12 22M10.8 4.86 6.3 7.44l.02.24c0 .71-.44 1.32-1.06 1.57l.03 5.25zm2.4 0 5.51 9.64.03-5.25c-.62-.25-1.06-.86-1.06-1.57l.02-.24z"/></svg>
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 9. Граф
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_11" id="__nav_11_label" tabindex="0">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_11_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_11">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 9. Граф
|
||
|
||
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
9.1 Граф
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_operations/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
9.2 Базовые операции над графами
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
9.3 Обход графа
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_graph/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
9.4 Резюме
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_12" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/" class="md-nav__link ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m19.31 18.9 3.08 3.1L21 23.39l-3.12-3.07c-.69.43-1.51.68-2.38.68-2.5 0-4.5-2-4.5-4.5s2-4.5 4.5-4.5 4.5 2 4.5 4.5c0 .88-.25 1.71-.69 2.4m-3.81.1a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0-5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0 5M21 4v2H3V4zM3 16v-2h6v2zm0-5V9h18v2h-2.03c-1.01-.63-2.2-1-3.47-1s-2.46.37-3.47 1z"/></svg>
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 10. Поиск
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_12" id="__nav_12_label" tabindex="0">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_12_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_12">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 10. Поиск
|
||
|
||
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
10.1 Двоичный поиск
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
10.2 Точка вставки двоичного поиска
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
10.3 Граничные случаи двоичного поиска
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
10.4 Стратегия оптимизации через хеширование
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
10.5 Алгоритмы поиска: новый взгляд
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_searching/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
10.6 Резюме
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_13" >
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/" class="md-nav__link ">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 17h3l-4 4-4-4h3V3h2M2 17h10v2H2M6 5v2H2V5m0 6h7v2H2z"/></svg>
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 11. Сортировка
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_13" id="__nav_13_label" tabindex="0">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_13_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_13">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 11. Сортировка
|
||
|
||
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.1 Алгоритмы сортировки
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/selection_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.2 Сортировка выбором
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.3 Пузырьковая сортировка
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.4 Сортировка вставкой
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/quick_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.5 Быстрая сортировка
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/merge_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.6 Сортировка слиянием
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/heap_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.7 Пирамидальная сортировка
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.8 Блочная сортировка
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/counting_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.9 Сортировка подсчетом
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/radix_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.10 Поразрядная сортировка
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
11.11 Резюме
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_14" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
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<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/" class="md-nav__link ">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17 7v2h5V7zM2 9v6h5V9zm10 0v2H9v2h3v2l3-3zm5 2v2h5v-2zm0 4v2h5v-2z"/></svg>
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 12. Разделяй и властвуй
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
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|
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|
||
|
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</a>
|
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|
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_14" id="__nav_14_label" tabindex="0">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
|
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|
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_14_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_14">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
|
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Глава 12. Разделяй и властвуй
|
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|
||
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/divide_and_conquer/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
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|
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|
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
12.1 Алгоритмы разделяй и властвуй
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/binary_search_recur/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
12.2 Стратегия поиска разделяй и властвуй
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/build_binary_tree_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
12.3 Задача построения двоичного дерева
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/hanota_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
12.4 Задача о Ханойской башне
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
12.5 Резюме
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
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|
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|
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|
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_15" >
|
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|
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|
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/" class="md-nav__link ">
|
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|
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|
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|
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18 15a3 3 0 0 1 3 3 3 3 0 0 1-3 3 2.99 2.99 0 0 1-2.83-2H14v-2h1.17c.41-1.17 1.52-2 2.83-2m0 2a1 1 0 0 0-1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1-1 1 1 0 0 0-1-1m0-9a1.43 1.43 0 0 0 1.43-1.43 1.43 1.43 0 1 0-2.86 0A1.43 1.43 0 0 0 18 8m0-5.43a4 4 0 0 1 4 4C22 9.56 18 14 18 14s-4-4.44-4-7.43a4 4 0 0 1 4-4M8.83 17H10v2H8.83A2.99 2.99 0 0 1 6 21a3 3 0 0 1-3-3c0-1.31.83-2.42 2-2.83V14h2v1.17c.85.3 1.53.98 1.83 1.83M6 17a1 1 0 0 0-1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1-1 1 1 0 0 0-1-1M6 3a3 3 0 0 1 3 3c0 1.31-.83 2.42-2 2.83V10H5V8.83A2.99 2.99 0 0 1 3 6a3 3 0 0 1 3-3m0 2a1 1 0 0 0-1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1-1 1 1 0 0 0-1-1m5 14v-2h2v2zm-4-6H5v-2h2z"/></svg>
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 13. Поиск с возвратом
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
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|
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|
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_15" id="__nav_15_label" tabindex="0">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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</div>
|
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|
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<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_15_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_15">
|
||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 13. Поиск с возвратом
|
||
|
||
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
13.1 Алгоритм поиска с возвратом
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
13.2 Задача о перестановках
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
13.3 Задача о сумме подмножеств
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
13.4 Задача о $n$ ферзях
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
13.5 Резюме
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
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|
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|
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|
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_16" >
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|
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|
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/" class="md-nav__link ">
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|
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|
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|
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M22 15h-2v3c0 1.11-.89 2-2 2h-3v2l-3-3 3-3v2h3v-3h-2l3-3zm0-11v4c0 1.1-.9 2-2 2H10v10c0 1.1-.9 2-2 2H4c-1.1 0-2-.9-2-2V4c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h16c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2M4 8h4V4H4zm0 2v4h4v-4zm4 10v-4H4v4zm6-12V4h-4v4zm6-4h-4v4h4z"/></svg>
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 14. Динамическое программирование
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
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|
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|
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<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_16" id="__nav_16_label" tabindex="0">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
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</label>
|
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|
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</div>
|
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|
||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_16_label" aria-expanded="false">
|
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_16">
|
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Глава 14. Динамическое программирование
|
||
|
||
|
||
</label>
|
||
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/intro_to_dynamic_programming/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
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|
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|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
14.1 Введение в динамическое программирование
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
14.2 Свойства задач динамического программирования
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_solution_pipeline/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
14.3 Подход к решению задач динамического программирования
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
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|
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|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/knapsack_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
14.4 Задача о рюкзаке 0-1
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
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<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/unbounded_knapsack_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
14.5 Задача о неограниченном рюкзаке
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/edit_distance_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
14.6 Задача о расстоянии редактирования
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
<a href="../../chapter_dynamic_programming/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||
|
||
|
||
14.7 Резюме
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_17" >
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<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
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<a href="../../chapter_greedy/" class="md-nav__link ">
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|
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Глава 15. Жадность
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Глава 15. Жадность
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15.1 Жадный алгоритм
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15.2 Задача о дробном рюкзаке
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15.3 Задача о максимальной вместимости
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15.4 Задача о максимальном произведении разбиения
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15.5 Резюме
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Глава 16. Приложение
|
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Глава 16. Приложение
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16.1 Установка среды программирования
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16.2 Присоединяйтесь к созданию книги
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16.3 Глоссарий
|
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4.1.1 Основные операции с массивом
|
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5. Обход массива
|
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6. Поиск элемента
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7. Расширение массива
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4.1.2 Преимущества и ограничения массива
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4.1.3 Типичные применения массива
|
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|
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<h1 id="41">4.1 Массив<a class="headerlink" href="#41" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h1>
|
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<p><u>Массив (array)</u> - это линейная структура данных, которая хранит элементы одного типа в непрерывной области памяти. Положение элемента в массиве называется его <u>индексом (index)</u>. На рисунке 4-1 показаны основные понятия, связанные с массивом, и способ его хранения.</p>
|
||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../array.assets/array_definition.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="Определение массива и способ хранения" class="animation-figure" src="../array.assets/array_definition.png" /></a></p>
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<p align="center"> Рисунок 4-1 Определение массива и способ хранения </p>
|
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|
||
<h2 id="411">4.1.1 Основные операции с массивом<a class="headerlink" href="#411" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<h3 id="1">1. Инициализация массива<a class="headerlink" href="#1" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>В зависимости от задачи мы можем выбрать один из двух способов инициализации массива: без начальных значений или с заданными начальными значениями. Если начальные значения не указаны, большинство языков программирования инициализируют элементы массива значением <span class="arithmatex">\(0\)</span> :</p>
|
||
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|
||
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="c1"># Инициализация массива</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">5</span> <span class="c1"># [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Инициализация массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="c1">// Хранится в стеке</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="c1">// Хранится в куче (требуется ручное освобождение памяти)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Инициализация массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Инициализация массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Инициализация массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">int</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="c1">// В Go указание длины ([5]int) создает массив, а отсутствие длины ([]int) - срез</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="c1">// Поскольку длина массива в Go определяется на этапе компиляции, для задания длины можно использовать только константы</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="c1">// Чтобы упростить реализацию метода extend(), ниже будем рассматривать срезы (Slice) как массивы (Array)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Инициализация массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Инициализация массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">5</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">4</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Инициализация массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">arr</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">5</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">4</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Инициализация массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Инициализация массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">slice</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="c1">// В Rust указание длины ([i32; 5]) создает массив, а отсутствие длины (&[i32]) - срез</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="c1">// Поскольку длина массива в Rust определяется на этапе компиляции, для задания длины можно использовать только константы</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="c1">// Vector в Rust обычно используется как динамический массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="c1">// Чтобы упростить реализацию метода extend(), ниже будем рассматривать vector как массив (array)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Инициализация массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Инициализация массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">5</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">intArrayOf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="c1"># Инициализация массива</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<details class="pythontutor">
|
||
<summary>Визуализация выполнения</summary>
|
||
<p>https://pythontutor.com/render.html#code=%23%20%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%0Aarr%20%3D%20%5B0%5D%20%2A%205%20%20%23%20%5B%200%2C%200%2C%200%2C%200%2C%200%20%5D%0Anums%20%3D%20%5B1%2C%203%2C%202%2C%205%2C%204%5D&cumulative=false&curInstr=0&heapPrimitives=nevernest&mode=display&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false</p>
|
||
</details>
|
||
<h3 id="2">2. Доступ к элементам<a class="headerlink" href="#2" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>Элементы массива хранятся в непрерывной области памяти, а это означает, что вычислить адрес любого элемента очень просто. Зная адрес массива в памяти (то есть адрес первого элемента) и индекс некоторого элемента, мы можем по формуле с рисунка ниже вычислить адрес этого элемента и напрямую обратиться к нему.</p>
|
||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../array.assets/array_memory_location_calculation.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="Вычисление адреса элемента массива" class="animation-figure" src="../array.assets/array_memory_location_calculation.png" /></a></p>
|
||
<p align="center"> Рисунок 4-2 Вычисление адреса элемента массива </p>
|
||
|
||
<p>Если посмотреть на рисунок 4-2, можно заметить, что индекс первого элемента массива равен <span class="arithmatex">\(0\)</span> , и это кажется не слишком интуитивным, ведь естественнее было бы начинать счет с <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> . Однако с точки зрения формулы адресации <strong>индекс по сути является смещением относительно адреса памяти</strong>. Смещение первого элемента равно <span class="arithmatex">\(0\)</span> , поэтому индекс <span class="arithmatex">\(0\)</span> вполне логичен.</p>
|
||
<p>Доступ к элементам массива очень эффективен: любой элемент массива можно получить за <span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span> времени.</p>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_13" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_2_13">Ruby</label></div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">random_access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Случайный доступ к элементу"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a> <span class="c1"># Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, len(nums)-1]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a> <span class="n">random_index</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a> <span class="c1"># Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a> <span class="n">random_num</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">random_num</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Случайный доступ к элементу */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, size)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Случайный доступ к элементу */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, nums.length)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ThreadLocalRandom</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">current</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="na">nextInt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Случайный доступ к элементу */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">RandomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Random</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">random</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, nums.Length)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">random</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Next</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Случайный доступ к элементу */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, nums.length)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">randomIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">rand</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Intn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">))</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">randomIndex</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Случайный доступ к элементу */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, nums.count)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">randomIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">randomElement</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">!</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Случайный доступ к элементу */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, nums.length)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">random_index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">random</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">random_num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">random_index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">random_num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Случайный доступ к элементу */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, nums.length)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">random_index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">floor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">random</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">random_num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">random_index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">random_num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Случайный доступ к элементу */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, nums.length)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Random</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">nextInt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Случайный доступ к элементу */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">random_access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, nums.len())</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">thread_rng</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">gen_range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">());</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">random_num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">random_num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Случайный доступ к элементу */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, size)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">%</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Случайный доступ к элементу */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">randomAccess</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, nums.size)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">randomIndex</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ThreadLocalRandom</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">current</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="na">nextInt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">randomNum</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">randomIndex</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">randomNum</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="cm">File: array.rb</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-03-18</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## Случайный доступ к элементу ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">random_access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, nums.length)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">Random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<details class="pythontutor">
|
||
<summary>Визуализация кода</summary>
|
||
<p><div style="height: 531px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=import%20random%0A%0Adef%20random_access%28nums%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%29%20-%3E%20int%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9%20%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%20%D0%BA%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC%20%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%20%D0%B8%D0%B7%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%20%5B0%2C%20len%28nums%29-1%5D%0A%20%20%20%20random_index%20%3D%20random.randint%280%2C%20len%28nums%29%20-%201%29%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%B8%20%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%0A%20%20%20%20random_num%20%3D%20nums%5Brandom_index%5D%0A%20%20%20%20return%20random_num%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1%2C%203%2C%202%2C%205%2C%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%20nums%20%3D%22%2C%20nums%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9%20%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%0A%20%20%20%20random_num%3A%20int%20%3D%20random_access%28nums%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%20%D0%B8%D0%B7%20nums%20%3D%22%2C%20random_num%29&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=7&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
|
||
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=import%20random%0A%0Adef%20random_access%28nums%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%29%20-%3E%20int%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9%20%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%20%D0%BA%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BC%20%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%20%D0%B8%D0%B7%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%20%5B0%2C%20len%28nums%29-1%5D%0A%20%20%20%20random_index%20%3D%20random.randint%280%2C%20len%28nums%29%20-%201%29%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%B8%20%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%0A%20%20%20%20random_num%20%3D%20nums%5Brandom_index%5D%0A%20%20%20%20return%20random_num%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1%2C%203%2C%202%2C%205%2C%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%20nums%20%3D%22%2C%20nums%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9%20%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%0A%20%20%20%20random_num%3A%20int%20%3D%20random_access%28nums%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%20%D0%B8%D0%B7%20nums%20%3D%22%2C%20random_num%29&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=7&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Во весь экран ></a></div></p>
|
||
</details>
|
||
<h3 id="3">3. Вставка элемента<a class="headerlink" href="#3" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>Элементы массива в памяти расположены "вплотную" друг к другу, и между ними нет места для размещения новых данных. Как показано на рисунке 4-3, если мы хотим вставить элемент в середину массива, то все элементы после этой позиции нужно сдвинуть на одну позицию вправо, а затем записать новое значение в освободившийся индекс.</p>
|
||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../array.assets/array_insert_element.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="Пример вставки элемента в массив" class="animation-figure" src="../array.assets/array_insert_element.png" /></a></p>
|
||
<p align="center"> Рисунок 4-3 Пример вставки элемента в массив </p>
|
||
|
||
<p>Стоит отметить, что длина массива фиксирована, поэтому вставка нового элемента неизбежно приведет к "потере" элемента на конце массива. Решение этой проблемы мы оставим для обсуждения в разделе о "списках".</p>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_13" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_3_13">Ruby</label></div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Вставить элемент num по индексу index в массив"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a> <span class="c1"># Сдвинуть элемент с индексом index и все последующие элементы на одну позицию назад</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a> <span class="c1"># Присвоить num элементу по индексу index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Вставить элемент num по индексу index в массив */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть элемент с индексом index и все последующие элементы на одну позицию назад</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Присвоить num элементу по индексу index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Вставить элемент num по индексу index в массив */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть элемент с индексом index и все последующие элементы на одну позицию назад</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Присвоить num элементу по индексу index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Вставить элемент num по индексу index в массив */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть элемент с индексом index и все последующие элементы на одну позицию назад</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Присвоить num элементу по индексу index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Вставить элемент num по индексу index в массив */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть элемент с индексом index и все последующие элементы на одну позицию назад</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Присвоить num элементу по индексу index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Вставить элемент num по индексу index в массив */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">inout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть элемент с индексом index и все последующие элементы на одну позицию назад</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">dropFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="n">reversed</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Присвоить num элементу по индексу index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Вставить элемент num по индексу index в массив */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть элемент с индексом index и все последующие элементы на одну позицию назад</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Присвоить num элементу по индексу index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Вставить элемент num по индексу index в массив */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть элемент с индексом index и все последующие элементы на одну позицию назад</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Присвоить num элементу по индексу index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Вставить элемент _num по индексу index в массив */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть элемент с индексом index и все последующие элементы на одну позицию назад</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Присвоить _num элементу по индексу index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Вставить элемент num по индексу index в массив */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть элемент с индексом index и все последующие элементы на одну позицию назад</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()).</span><span class="n">rev</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Присвоить num элементу по индексу index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-8" name="__codelineno-35-8" href="#__codelineno-35-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-35-9" name="__codelineno-35-9" href="#__codelineno-35-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Вставить элемент num по индексу index в массив */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть элемент с индексом index и все последующие элементы на одну позицию назад</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-36-4" name="__codelineno-36-4" href="#__codelineno-36-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">--</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-36-5" name="__codelineno-36-5" href="#__codelineno-36-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-36-6" name="__codelineno-36-6" href="#__codelineno-36-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-36-7" name="__codelineno-36-7" href="#__codelineno-36-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Присвоить num элементу по индексу index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-36-8" name="__codelineno-36-8" href="#__codelineno-36-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-36-9" name="__codelineno-36-9" href="#__codelineno-36-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Вставить элемент num по индексу index в массив */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть элемент с индексом index и все последующие элементы на одну позицию назад</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-4" name="__codelineno-37-4" href="#__codelineno-37-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">downTo</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-5" name="__codelineno-37-5" href="#__codelineno-37-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-6" name="__codelineno-37-6" href="#__codelineno-37-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-7" name="__codelineno-37-7" href="#__codelineno-37-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Присвоить num элементу по индексу index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-8" name="__codelineno-37-8" href="#__codelineno-37-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-37-9" name="__codelineno-37-9" href="#__codelineno-37-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="cm">File: array.rb</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-03-18</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## Случайный доступ к элементу ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-8" name="__codelineno-38-8" href="#__codelineno-38-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">random_access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-9" name="__codelineno-38-9" href="#__codelineno-38-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, nums.length)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-10" name="__codelineno-38-10" href="#__codelineno-38-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">Random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-11" name="__codelineno-38-11" href="#__codelineno-38-11"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-12" name="__codelineno-38-12" href="#__codelineno-38-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-13" name="__codelineno-38-13" href="#__codelineno-38-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-14" name="__codelineno-38-14" href="#__codelineno-38-14"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-15" name="__codelineno-38-15" href="#__codelineno-38-15"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-16" name="__codelineno-38-16" href="#__codelineno-38-16"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-17" name="__codelineno-38-17" href="#__codelineno-38-17"></a><span class="c1"># ## Увеличить длину массива ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-18" name="__codelineno-38-18" href="#__codelineno-38-18"></a><span class="c1"># Обратите внимание: Array в Ruby является динамическим массивом и может быть расширен напрямую</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-19" name="__codelineno-38-19" href="#__codelineno-38-19"></a><span class="c1"># Для удобства обучения эта функция рассматривает Array как массив неизменяемой длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-20" name="__codelineno-38-20" href="#__codelineno-38-20"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-21" name="__codelineno-38-21" href="#__codelineno-38-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-22" name="__codelineno-38-22" href="#__codelineno-38-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-23" name="__codelineno-38-23" href="#__codelineno-38-23"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-24" name="__codelineno-38-24" href="#__codelineno-38-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-25" name="__codelineno-38-25" href="#__codelineno-38-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-26" name="__codelineno-38-26" href="#__codelineno-38-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-27" name="__codelineno-38-27" href="#__codelineno-38-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-28" name="__codelineno-38-28" href="#__codelineno-38-28"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-29" name="__codelineno-38-29" href="#__codelineno-38-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-30" name="__codelineno-38-30" href="#__codelineno-38-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-31" name="__codelineno-38-31" href="#__codelineno-38-31"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-32" name="__codelineno-38-32" href="#__codelineno-38-32"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-33" name="__codelineno-38-33" href="#__codelineno-38-33"></a><span class="c1"># ## Вставка элемента num по индексу index в массив ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-34" name="__codelineno-38-34" href="#__codelineno-38-34"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-35" name="__codelineno-38-35" href="#__codelineno-38-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Сдвинуть элемент с индексом index и все последующие элементы на одну позицию назад</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-36" name="__codelineno-38-36" href="#__codelineno-38-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">downto</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-37" name="__codelineno-38-37" href="#__codelineno-38-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-38" name="__codelineno-38-38" href="#__codelineno-38-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-39" name="__codelineno-38-39" href="#__codelineno-38-39"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-40" name="__codelineno-38-40" href="#__codelineno-38-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Присвоить num элементу по индексу index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-41" name="__codelineno-38-41" href="#__codelineno-38-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-38-42" name="__codelineno-38-42" href="#__codelineno-38-42"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<details class="pythontutor">
|
||
<summary>Визуализация кода</summary>
|
||
<p><div style="height: 495px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20insert%28nums%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%2C%20num%3A%20int%2C%20index%3A%20int%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%D0%92%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%20num%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%20index%20%D0%B2%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%A1%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%20%D1%81%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BC%20index%20%D0%B8%20%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B5%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%83%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8E%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%28len%28nums%29%20-%201%2C%20index%2C%20-1%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20nums%5Bi%5D%20%3D%20nums%5Bi%20-%201%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C%20num%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%20index%0A%20%20%20%20nums%5Bindex%5D%20%3D%20num%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1%2C%203%2C%202%2C%205%2C%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%20nums%20%3D%22%2C%20nums%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%92%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20insert%28nums%2C%206%2C%203%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%20%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8%20%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%206%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%203%20nums%20%3D%22%2C%20nums%29&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=6&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
|
||
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20insert%28nums%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%2C%20num%3A%20int%2C%20index%3A%20int%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%D0%92%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%20num%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%20index%20%D0%B2%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%A1%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%20%D1%81%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BC%20index%20%D0%B8%20%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B5%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%83%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8E%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%28len%28nums%29%20-%201%2C%20index%2C%20-1%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20nums%5Bi%5D%20%3D%20nums%5Bi%20-%201%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C%20num%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%20index%0A%20%20%20%20nums%5Bindex%5D%20%3D%20num%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1%2C%203%2C%202%2C%205%2C%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%20nums%20%3D%22%2C%20nums%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%92%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20insert%28nums%2C%206%2C%203%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%20%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8%20%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%206%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%203%20nums%20%3D%22%2C%20nums%29&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=6&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Во весь экран ></a></div></p>
|
||
</details>
|
||
<h3 id="4">4. Удаление элемента<a class="headerlink" href="#4" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>Аналогично, как показано на рисунке 4-4, если нужно удалить элемент по индексу <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> , то все элементы после индекса <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> необходимо сдвинуть на одну позицию влево.</p>
|
||
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../array.assets/array_remove_element.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="Пример удаления элемента из массива" class="animation-figure" src="../array.assets/array_remove_element.png" /></a></p>
|
||
<p align="center"> Рисунок 4-4 Пример удаления элемента из массива </p>
|
||
|
||
<p>Обрати внимание: после удаления исходный последний элемент становится "бессмысленным", поэтому специально изменять его не требуется.</p>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="4:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_4_1" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_2" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_3" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_4" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_5" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_6" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_7" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_8" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_9" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_10" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_11" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_12" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_4_13" name="__tabbed_4" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_4_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_4_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_4_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_4_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_4_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_4_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_4_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_4_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_4_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_4_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_4_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_4_13">Ruby</label></div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-39-2" name="__codelineno-39-2" href="#__codelineno-39-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Удалить элемент по индексу index"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-39-3" name="__codelineno-39-3" href="#__codelineno-39-3"></a> <span class="c1"># Сдвинуть все элементы после индекса index на одну позицию вперед</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-39-4" name="__codelineno-39-4" href="#__codelineno-39-4"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-39-5" name="__codelineno-39-5" href="#__codelineno-39-5"></a> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Удалить элемент по индексу index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть все элементы после индекса index на одну позицию вперед</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-40-4" name="__codelineno-40-4" href="#__codelineno-40-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-40-5" name="__codelineno-40-5" href="#__codelineno-40-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-40-6" name="__codelineno-40-6" href="#__codelineno-40-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-40-7" name="__codelineno-40-7" href="#__codelineno-40-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Удалить элемент по индексу index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть все элементы после индекса index на одну позицию вперед</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-41-4" name="__codelineno-41-4" href="#__codelineno-41-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-41-5" name="__codelineno-41-5" href="#__codelineno-41-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-41-6" name="__codelineno-41-6" href="#__codelineno-41-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-41-7" name="__codelineno-41-7" href="#__codelineno-41-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Удалить элемент по индексу index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть все элементы после индекса index на одну позицию вперед</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-42-5" name="__codelineno-42-5" href="#__codelineno-42-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-42-7" name="__codelineno-42-7" href="#__codelineno-42-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Удалить элемент по индексу index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть все элементы после индекса index на одну позицию вперед</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-43-4" name="__codelineno-43-4" href="#__codelineno-43-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-43-5" name="__codelineno-43-5" href="#__codelineno-43-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-43-6" name="__codelineno-43-6" href="#__codelineno-43-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-43-7" name="__codelineno-43-7" href="#__codelineno-43-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Удалить элемент по индексу index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">inout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть все элементы после индекса index на одну позицию вперед</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-44-4" name="__codelineno-44-4" href="#__codelineno-44-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">dropFirst</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="bp">dropLast</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-44-5" name="__codelineno-44-5" href="#__codelineno-44-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-44-6" name="__codelineno-44-6" href="#__codelineno-44-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-44-7" name="__codelineno-44-7" href="#__codelineno-44-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Удалить элемент по индексу index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть все элементы после индекса index на одну позицию вперед</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-45-4" name="__codelineno-45-4" href="#__codelineno-45-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-45-5" name="__codelineno-45-5" href="#__codelineno-45-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-45-6" name="__codelineno-45-6" href="#__codelineno-45-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-45-7" name="__codelineno-45-7" href="#__codelineno-45-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Удалить элемент по индексу index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-46-2" name="__codelineno-46-2" href="#__codelineno-46-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-46-3" name="__codelineno-46-3" href="#__codelineno-46-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть все элементы после индекса index на одну позицию вперед</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-46-4" name="__codelineno-46-4" href="#__codelineno-46-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-46-5" name="__codelineno-46-5" href="#__codelineno-46-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-46-6" name="__codelineno-46-6" href="#__codelineno-46-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-46-7" name="__codelineno-46-7" href="#__codelineno-46-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Удалить элемент по индексу index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-47-2" name="__codelineno-47-2" href="#__codelineno-47-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-47-3" name="__codelineno-47-3" href="#__codelineno-47-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть все элементы после индекса index на одну позицию вперед</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-47-4" name="__codelineno-47-4" href="#__codelineno-47-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-47-5" name="__codelineno-47-5" href="#__codelineno-47-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-47-6" name="__codelineno-47-6" href="#__codelineno-47-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-47-7" name="__codelineno-47-7" href="#__codelineno-47-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Удалить элемент по индексу index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-48-3" name="__codelineno-48-3" href="#__codelineno-48-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть все элементы после индекса index на одну позицию вперед</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-48-4" name="__codelineno-48-4" href="#__codelineno-48-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-48-5" name="__codelineno-48-5" href="#__codelineno-48-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-48-6" name="__codelineno-48-6" href="#__codelineno-48-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-48-7" name="__codelineno-48-7" href="#__codelineno-48-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Удалить элемент по индексу index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-49-2" name="__codelineno-49-2" href="#__codelineno-49-2"></a><span class="c1">// Внимание: stdio.h уже использует ключевое слово remove</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-49-3" name="__codelineno-49-3" href="#__codelineno-49-3"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">removeItem</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-49-4" name="__codelineno-49-4" href="#__codelineno-49-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть все элементы после индекса index на одну позицию вперед</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-49-5" name="__codelineno-49-5" href="#__codelineno-49-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-49-6" name="__codelineno-49-6" href="#__codelineno-49-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-49-7" name="__codelineno-49-7" href="#__codelineno-49-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-49-8" name="__codelineno-49-8" href="#__codelineno-49-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Удалить элемент по индексу index */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-50-2" name="__codelineno-50-2" href="#__codelineno-50-2"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-50-3" name="__codelineno-50-3" href="#__codelineno-50-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сдвинуть все элементы после индекса index на одну позицию вперед</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-50-4" name="__codelineno-50-4" href="#__codelineno-50-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-50-5" name="__codelineno-50-5" href="#__codelineno-50-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-50-6" name="__codelineno-50-6" href="#__codelineno-50-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-50-7" name="__codelineno-50-7" href="#__codelineno-50-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a><span class="cm">File: array.rb</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-03-18</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-4" name="__codelineno-51-4" href="#__codelineno-51-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-5" name="__codelineno-51-5" href="#__codelineno-51-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-6" name="__codelineno-51-6" href="#__codelineno-51-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-7" name="__codelineno-51-7" href="#__codelineno-51-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## Случайный доступ к элементу ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-8" name="__codelineno-51-8" href="#__codelineno-51-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">random_access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-9" name="__codelineno-51-9" href="#__codelineno-51-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, nums.length)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-10" name="__codelineno-51-10" href="#__codelineno-51-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">Random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-11" name="__codelineno-51-11" href="#__codelineno-51-11"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-12" name="__codelineno-51-12" href="#__codelineno-51-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-13" name="__codelineno-51-13" href="#__codelineno-51-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-14" name="__codelineno-51-14" href="#__codelineno-51-14"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-15" name="__codelineno-51-15" href="#__codelineno-51-15"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-16" name="__codelineno-51-16" href="#__codelineno-51-16"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-17" name="__codelineno-51-17" href="#__codelineno-51-17"></a><span class="c1"># ## Увеличить длину массива ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-18" name="__codelineno-51-18" href="#__codelineno-51-18"></a><span class="c1"># Обратите внимание: Array в Ruby является динамическим массивом и может быть расширен напрямую</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-19" name="__codelineno-51-19" href="#__codelineno-51-19"></a><span class="c1"># Для удобства обучения эта функция рассматривает Array как массив неизменяемой длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-20" name="__codelineno-51-20" href="#__codelineno-51-20"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-21" name="__codelineno-51-21" href="#__codelineno-51-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-22" name="__codelineno-51-22" href="#__codelineno-51-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-23" name="__codelineno-51-23" href="#__codelineno-51-23"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-24" name="__codelineno-51-24" href="#__codelineno-51-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-25" name="__codelineno-51-25" href="#__codelineno-51-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-26" name="__codelineno-51-26" href="#__codelineno-51-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-27" name="__codelineno-51-27" href="#__codelineno-51-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-28" name="__codelineno-51-28" href="#__codelineno-51-28"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-29" name="__codelineno-51-29" href="#__codelineno-51-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-30" name="__codelineno-51-30" href="#__codelineno-51-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-31" name="__codelineno-51-31" href="#__codelineno-51-31"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-32" name="__codelineno-51-32" href="#__codelineno-51-32"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-33" name="__codelineno-51-33" href="#__codelineno-51-33"></a><span class="c1"># ## Вставка элемента num по индексу index в массив ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-34" name="__codelineno-51-34" href="#__codelineno-51-34"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-35" name="__codelineno-51-35" href="#__codelineno-51-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Сдвинуть элемент с индексом index и все последующие элементы на одну позицию назад</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-36" name="__codelineno-51-36" href="#__codelineno-51-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">downto</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-37" name="__codelineno-51-37" href="#__codelineno-51-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-38" name="__codelineno-51-38" href="#__codelineno-51-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-39" name="__codelineno-51-39" href="#__codelineno-51-39"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-40" name="__codelineno-51-40" href="#__codelineno-51-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Присвоить num элементу по индексу index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-41" name="__codelineno-51-41" href="#__codelineno-51-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-42" name="__codelineno-51-42" href="#__codelineno-51-42"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-43" name="__codelineno-51-43" href="#__codelineno-51-43"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-44" name="__codelineno-51-44" href="#__codelineno-51-44"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-45" name="__codelineno-51-45" href="#__codelineno-51-45"></a><span class="c1"># ## Удаление элемента по индексу index ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-46" name="__codelineno-51-46" href="#__codelineno-51-46"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-47" name="__codelineno-51-47" href="#__codelineno-51-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Сдвинуть все элементы после индекса index на одну позицию вперед</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-48" name="__codelineno-51-48" href="#__codelineno-51-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-49" name="__codelineno-51-49" href="#__codelineno-51-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-50" name="__codelineno-51-50" href="#__codelineno-51-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-51-51" name="__codelineno-51-51" href="#__codelineno-51-51"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<details class="pythontutor">
|
||
<summary>Визуализация кода</summary>
|
||
<p><div style="height: 459px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20remove%28nums%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%2C%20index%3A%20int%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%20index%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%A1%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B5%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%20index%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%83%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8E%20%D0%B2%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%28index%2C%20len%28nums%29%20-%201%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20nums%5Bi%5D%20%3D%20nums%5Bi%20%2B%201%5D%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1%2C%203%2C%202%2C%205%2C%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%20nums%20%3D%22%2C%20nums%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20remove%28nums%2C%202%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%20%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%202%20nums%20%3D%22%2C%20nums%29&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=6&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
|
||
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20remove%28nums%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%2C%20index%3A%20int%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%20index%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%A1%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%B5%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%20index%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%83%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8E%20%D0%B2%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%28index%2C%20len%28nums%29%20-%201%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20nums%5Bi%5D%20%3D%20nums%5Bi%20%2B%201%5D%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1%2C%203%2C%202%2C%205%2C%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%20nums%20%3D%22%2C%20nums%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20remove%28nums%2C%202%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%20%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83%202%20nums%20%3D%22%2C%20nums%29&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=6&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Во весь экран ></a></div></p>
|
||
</details>
|
||
<p>В целом операции вставки и удаления в массиве имеют следующие недостатки.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>Высокая временная сложность</strong>: средняя временная сложность и вставки, и удаления равна <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> , где <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> - длина массива.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Потеря элементов</strong>: поскольку длина массива неизменяема, после вставки элементы, выходящие за пределы длины массива, будут потеряны.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Потери памяти</strong>: можно заранее инициализировать более длинный массив и использовать только его переднюю часть; тогда "теряемые" при вставке элементы на конце не будут нести смысла, но такой подход приводит к лишнему расходу памяти.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3 id="5">5. Обход массива<a class="headerlink" href="#5" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>В большинстве языков программирования массив можно обходить как по индексу, так и напрямую перебирая каждый элемент:</p>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="5:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_5_1" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_2" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_3" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_4" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_5" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_6" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_7" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_8" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_9" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_10" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_11" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_12" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_5_13" name="__tabbed_5" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_5_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_5_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_5_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_5_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_5_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_5_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_5_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_5_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_5_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_5_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_5_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_5_13">Ruby</label></div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-52-2" name="__codelineno-52-2" href="#__codelineno-52-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Обход массива"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-52-3" name="__codelineno-52-3" href="#__codelineno-52-3"></a> <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-52-4" name="__codelineno-52-4" href="#__codelineno-52-4"></a> <span class="c1"># Обход массива по индексам</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-52-5" name="__codelineno-52-5" href="#__codelineno-52-5"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-52-6" name="__codelineno-52-6" href="#__codelineno-52-6"></a> <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-52-7" name="__codelineno-52-7" href="#__codelineno-52-7"></a> <span class="c1"># Непосредственно обходить элементы массива</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-52-8" name="__codelineno-52-8" href="#__codelineno-52-8"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-52-9" name="__codelineno-52-9" href="#__codelineno-52-9"></a> <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-52-10" name="__codelineno-52-10" href="#__codelineno-52-10"></a> <span class="c1"># Одновременно обходить индексы и элементы данных</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-52-11" name="__codelineno-52-11" href="#__codelineno-52-11"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">enumerate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-52-12" name="__codelineno-52-12" href="#__codelineno-52-12"></a> <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-52-13" name="__codelineno-52-13" href="#__codelineno-52-13"></a> <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">num</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-53-2" name="__codelineno-53-2" href="#__codelineno-53-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-53-3" name="__codelineno-53-3" href="#__codelineno-53-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-53-4" name="__codelineno-53-4" href="#__codelineno-53-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Обход массива по индексам</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-53-5" name="__codelineno-53-5" href="#__codelineno-53-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-53-6" name="__codelineno-53-6" href="#__codelineno-53-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-53-7" name="__codelineno-53-7" href="#__codelineno-53-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-53-8" name="__codelineno-53-8" href="#__codelineno-53-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-54-2" name="__codelineno-54-2" href="#__codelineno-54-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-54-3" name="__codelineno-54-3" href="#__codelineno-54-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-54-4" name="__codelineno-54-4" href="#__codelineno-54-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Обход массива по индексам</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-54-5" name="__codelineno-54-5" href="#__codelineno-54-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-54-6" name="__codelineno-54-6" href="#__codelineno-54-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-54-7" name="__codelineno-54-7" href="#__codelineno-54-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-54-8" name="__codelineno-54-8" href="#__codelineno-54-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Непосредственно обходить элементы массива</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-54-9" name="__codelineno-54-9" href="#__codelineno-54-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-54-10" name="__codelineno-54-10" href="#__codelineno-54-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-54-11" name="__codelineno-54-11" href="#__codelineno-54-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-54-12" name="__codelineno-54-12" href="#__codelineno-54-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-55-2" name="__codelineno-55-2" href="#__codelineno-55-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-55-3" name="__codelineno-55-3" href="#__codelineno-55-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-55-4" name="__codelineno-55-4" href="#__codelineno-55-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Обход массива по индексам</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-55-5" name="__codelineno-55-5" href="#__codelineno-55-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-55-6" name="__codelineno-55-6" href="#__codelineno-55-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-55-7" name="__codelineno-55-7" href="#__codelineno-55-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-55-8" name="__codelineno-55-8" href="#__codelineno-55-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Непосредственно обходить элементы массива</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-55-9" name="__codelineno-55-9" href="#__codelineno-55-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">foreach</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-55-10" name="__codelineno-55-10" href="#__codelineno-55-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-55-11" name="__codelineno-55-11" href="#__codelineno-55-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-55-12" name="__codelineno-55-12" href="#__codelineno-55-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-2" name="__codelineno-56-2" href="#__codelineno-56-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-3" name="__codelineno-56-3" href="#__codelineno-56-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-4" name="__codelineno-56-4" href="#__codelineno-56-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Обход массива по индексам</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-5" name="__codelineno-56-5" href="#__codelineno-56-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-6" name="__codelineno-56-6" href="#__codelineno-56-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-7" name="__codelineno-56-7" href="#__codelineno-56-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-8" name="__codelineno-56-8" href="#__codelineno-56-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-9" name="__codelineno-56-9" href="#__codelineno-56-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Непосредственно обходить элементы массива</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-10" name="__codelineno-56-10" href="#__codelineno-56-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-11" name="__codelineno-56-11" href="#__codelineno-56-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-12" name="__codelineno-56-12" href="#__codelineno-56-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-13" name="__codelineno-56-13" href="#__codelineno-56-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Одновременно обходить индексы и элементы данных</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-14" name="__codelineno-56-14" href="#__codelineno-56-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-15" name="__codelineno-56-15" href="#__codelineno-56-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-16" name="__codelineno-56-16" href="#__codelineno-56-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-17" name="__codelineno-56-17" href="#__codelineno-56-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-56-18" name="__codelineno-56-18" href="#__codelineno-56-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-2" name="__codelineno-57-2" href="#__codelineno-57-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-3" name="__codelineno-57-3" href="#__codelineno-57-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-4" name="__codelineno-57-4" href="#__codelineno-57-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Обход массива по индексам</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-5" name="__codelineno-57-5" href="#__codelineno-57-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-6" name="__codelineno-57-6" href="#__codelineno-57-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-7" name="__codelineno-57-7" href="#__codelineno-57-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-8" name="__codelineno-57-8" href="#__codelineno-57-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Непосредственно обходить элементы массива</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-9" name="__codelineno-57-9" href="#__codelineno-57-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-10" name="__codelineno-57-10" href="#__codelineno-57-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-11" name="__codelineno-57-11" href="#__codelineno-57-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-12" name="__codelineno-57-12" href="#__codelineno-57-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Одновременно обходить индексы и элементы данных</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-13" name="__codelineno-57-13" href="#__codelineno-57-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">enumerated</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-14" name="__codelineno-57-14" href="#__codelineno-57-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-15" name="__codelineno-57-15" href="#__codelineno-57-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-16" name="__codelineno-57-16" href="#__codelineno-57-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-57-17" name="__codelineno-57-17" href="#__codelineno-57-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-58-2" name="__codelineno-58-2" href="#__codelineno-58-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-58-3" name="__codelineno-58-3" href="#__codelineno-58-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-58-4" name="__codelineno-58-4" href="#__codelineno-58-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Обход массива по индексам</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-58-5" name="__codelineno-58-5" href="#__codelineno-58-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-58-6" name="__codelineno-58-6" href="#__codelineno-58-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-58-7" name="__codelineno-58-7" href="#__codelineno-58-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-58-8" name="__codelineno-58-8" href="#__codelineno-58-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Непосредственно обходить элементы массива</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-58-9" name="__codelineno-58-9" href="#__codelineno-58-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-58-10" name="__codelineno-58-10" href="#__codelineno-58-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-58-11" name="__codelineno-58-11" href="#__codelineno-58-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-58-12" name="__codelineno-58-12" href="#__codelineno-58-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-59-2" name="__codelineno-59-2" href="#__codelineno-59-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-59-3" name="__codelineno-59-3" href="#__codelineno-59-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-59-4" name="__codelineno-59-4" href="#__codelineno-59-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Обход массива по индексам</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-59-5" name="__codelineno-59-5" href="#__codelineno-59-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-59-6" name="__codelineno-59-6" href="#__codelineno-59-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-59-7" name="__codelineno-59-7" href="#__codelineno-59-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-59-8" name="__codelineno-59-8" href="#__codelineno-59-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Непосредственно обходить элементы массива</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-59-9" name="__codelineno-59-9" href="#__codelineno-59-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">of</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-59-10" name="__codelineno-59-10" href="#__codelineno-59-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-59-11" name="__codelineno-59-11" href="#__codelineno-59-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-59-12" name="__codelineno-59-12" href="#__codelineno-59-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Перебрать элементы массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-2" name="__codelineno-60-2" href="#__codelineno-60-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-3" name="__codelineno-60-3" href="#__codelineno-60-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-4" name="__codelineno-60-4" href="#__codelineno-60-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Обход массива по индексам</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-5" name="__codelineno-60-5" href="#__codelineno-60-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-6" name="__codelineno-60-6" href="#__codelineno-60-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-7" name="__codelineno-60-7" href="#__codelineno-60-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-8" name="__codelineno-60-8" href="#__codelineno-60-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Непосредственно обходить элементы массива</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-9" name="__codelineno-60-9" href="#__codelineno-60-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-10" name="__codelineno-60-10" href="#__codelineno-60-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-11" name="__codelineno-60-11" href="#__codelineno-60-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-12" name="__codelineno-60-12" href="#__codelineno-60-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Перебрать массив методом forEach</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-13" name="__codelineno-60-13" href="#__codelineno-60-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">forEach</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">_num</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-14" name="__codelineno-60-14" href="#__codelineno-60-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-15" name="__codelineno-60-15" href="#__codelineno-60-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">});</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-60-16" name="__codelineno-60-16" href="#__codelineno-60-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-61-2" name="__codelineno-61-2" href="#__codelineno-61-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-61-3" name="__codelineno-61-3" href="#__codelineno-61-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-61-4" name="__codelineno-61-4" href="#__codelineno-61-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Обход массива по индексам</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-61-5" name="__codelineno-61-5" href="#__codelineno-61-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-61-6" name="__codelineno-61-6" href="#__codelineno-61-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-61-7" name="__codelineno-61-7" href="#__codelineno-61-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-61-8" name="__codelineno-61-8" href="#__codelineno-61-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Непосредственно обходить элементы массива</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-61-9" name="__codelineno-61-9" href="#__codelineno-61-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-61-10" name="__codelineno-61-10" href="#__codelineno-61-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-61-11" name="__codelineno-61-11" href="#__codelineno-61-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-61-12" name="__codelineno-61-12" href="#__codelineno-61-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-61-13" name="__codelineno-61-13" href="#__codelineno-61-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-62-2" name="__codelineno-62-2" href="#__codelineno-62-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-62-3" name="__codelineno-62-3" href="#__codelineno-62-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-62-4" name="__codelineno-62-4" href="#__codelineno-62-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Обход массива по индексам</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-62-5" name="__codelineno-62-5" href="#__codelineno-62-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-62-6" name="__codelineno-62-6" href="#__codelineno-62-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-62-7" name="__codelineno-62-7" href="#__codelineno-62-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-62-8" name="__codelineno-62-8" href="#__codelineno-62-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-63-2" name="__codelineno-63-2" href="#__codelineno-63-2"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-63-3" name="__codelineno-63-3" href="#__codelineno-63-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-63-4" name="__codelineno-63-4" href="#__codelineno-63-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Обход массива по индексам</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-63-5" name="__codelineno-63-5" href="#__codelineno-63-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">indices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-63-6" name="__codelineno-63-6" href="#__codelineno-63-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-63-7" name="__codelineno-63-7" href="#__codelineno-63-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-63-8" name="__codelineno-63-8" href="#__codelineno-63-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Непосредственно обходить элементы массива</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-63-9" name="__codelineno-63-9" href="#__codelineno-63-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-63-10" name="__codelineno-63-10" href="#__codelineno-63-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-63-11" name="__codelineno-63-11" href="#__codelineno-63-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-63-12" name="__codelineno-63-12" href="#__codelineno-63-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-2" name="__codelineno-64-2" href="#__codelineno-64-2"></a><span class="cm">File: array.rb</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-3" name="__codelineno-64-3" href="#__codelineno-64-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-03-18</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-4" name="__codelineno-64-4" href="#__codelineno-64-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-5" name="__codelineno-64-5" href="#__codelineno-64-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-6" name="__codelineno-64-6" href="#__codelineno-64-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-7" name="__codelineno-64-7" href="#__codelineno-64-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## Случайный доступ к элементу ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-8" name="__codelineno-64-8" href="#__codelineno-64-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">random_access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-9" name="__codelineno-64-9" href="#__codelineno-64-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, nums.length)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-10" name="__codelineno-64-10" href="#__codelineno-64-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">Random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-11" name="__codelineno-64-11" href="#__codelineno-64-11"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-12" name="__codelineno-64-12" href="#__codelineno-64-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-13" name="__codelineno-64-13" href="#__codelineno-64-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-14" name="__codelineno-64-14" href="#__codelineno-64-14"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-15" name="__codelineno-64-15" href="#__codelineno-64-15"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-16" name="__codelineno-64-16" href="#__codelineno-64-16"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-17" name="__codelineno-64-17" href="#__codelineno-64-17"></a><span class="c1"># ## Увеличить длину массива ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-18" name="__codelineno-64-18" href="#__codelineno-64-18"></a><span class="c1"># Обратите внимание: Array в Ruby является динамическим массивом и может быть расширен напрямую</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-19" name="__codelineno-64-19" href="#__codelineno-64-19"></a><span class="c1"># Для удобства обучения эта функция рассматривает Array как массив неизменяемой длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-20" name="__codelineno-64-20" href="#__codelineno-64-20"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-21" name="__codelineno-64-21" href="#__codelineno-64-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-22" name="__codelineno-64-22" href="#__codelineno-64-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-23" name="__codelineno-64-23" href="#__codelineno-64-23"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-24" name="__codelineno-64-24" href="#__codelineno-64-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-25" name="__codelineno-64-25" href="#__codelineno-64-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-26" name="__codelineno-64-26" href="#__codelineno-64-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-27" name="__codelineno-64-27" href="#__codelineno-64-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-28" name="__codelineno-64-28" href="#__codelineno-64-28"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-29" name="__codelineno-64-29" href="#__codelineno-64-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-30" name="__codelineno-64-30" href="#__codelineno-64-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-31" name="__codelineno-64-31" href="#__codelineno-64-31"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-32" name="__codelineno-64-32" href="#__codelineno-64-32"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-33" name="__codelineno-64-33" href="#__codelineno-64-33"></a><span class="c1"># ## Вставка элемента num по индексу index в массив ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-34" name="__codelineno-64-34" href="#__codelineno-64-34"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-35" name="__codelineno-64-35" href="#__codelineno-64-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Сдвинуть элемент с индексом index и все последующие элементы на одну позицию назад</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-36" name="__codelineno-64-36" href="#__codelineno-64-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">downto</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-37" name="__codelineno-64-37" href="#__codelineno-64-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-38" name="__codelineno-64-38" href="#__codelineno-64-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-39" name="__codelineno-64-39" href="#__codelineno-64-39"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-40" name="__codelineno-64-40" href="#__codelineno-64-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Присвоить num элементу по индексу index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-41" name="__codelineno-64-41" href="#__codelineno-64-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-42" name="__codelineno-64-42" href="#__codelineno-64-42"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-43" name="__codelineno-64-43" href="#__codelineno-64-43"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-44" name="__codelineno-64-44" href="#__codelineno-64-44"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-45" name="__codelineno-64-45" href="#__codelineno-64-45"></a><span class="c1"># ## Удаление элемента по индексу index ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-46" name="__codelineno-64-46" href="#__codelineno-64-46"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-47" name="__codelineno-64-47" href="#__codelineno-64-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Сдвинуть все элементы после индекса index на одну позицию вперед</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-48" name="__codelineno-64-48" href="#__codelineno-64-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-49" name="__codelineno-64-49" href="#__codelineno-64-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-50" name="__codelineno-64-50" href="#__codelineno-64-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-51" name="__codelineno-64-51" href="#__codelineno-64-51"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-52" name="__codelineno-64-52" href="#__codelineno-64-52"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-53" name="__codelineno-64-53" href="#__codelineno-64-53"></a><span class="c1"># ## Обход массива ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-54" name="__codelineno-64-54" href="#__codelineno-64-54"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-55" name="__codelineno-64-55" href="#__codelineno-64-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-56" name="__codelineno-64-56" href="#__codelineno-64-56"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-57" name="__codelineno-64-57" href="#__codelineno-64-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Обход массива по индексам</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-58" name="__codelineno-64-58" href="#__codelineno-64-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-59" name="__codelineno-64-59" href="#__codelineno-64-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-60" name="__codelineno-64-60" href="#__codelineno-64-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-61" name="__codelineno-64-61" href="#__codelineno-64-61"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-62" name="__codelineno-64-62" href="#__codelineno-64-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Непосредственно обходить элементы массива</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-63" name="__codelineno-64-63" href="#__codelineno-64-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-64" name="__codelineno-64-64" href="#__codelineno-64-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-65" name="__codelineno-64-65" href="#__codelineno-64-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-64-66" name="__codelineno-64-66" href="#__codelineno-64-66"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<details class="pythontutor">
|
||
<summary>Визуализация кода</summary>
|
||
<p><div style="height: 549px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20traverse%28nums%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20count%20%3D%200%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%28len%28nums%29%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20count%20%2B%3D%20nums%5Bi%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20for%20num%20in%20nums%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20count%20%2B%3D%20num%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%8B%20%D0%B8%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%20%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%2C%20num%20in%20enumerate%28nums%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20count%20%2B%3D%20nums%5Bi%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20count%20%2B%3D%20num%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1%2C%203%2C%202%2C%205%2C%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%20nums%20%3D%22%2C%20nums%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20traverse%28nums%29&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=6&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
|
||
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20traverse%28nums%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20count%20%3D%200%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%28len%28nums%29%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20count%20%2B%3D%20nums%5Bi%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20for%20num%20in%20nums%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20count%20%2B%3D%20num%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%8B%20%D0%B8%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%20%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%2C%20num%20in%20enumerate%28nums%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20count%20%2B%3D%20nums%5Bi%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20count%20%2B%3D%20num%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1%2C%203%2C%202%2C%205%2C%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%20nums%20%3D%22%2C%20nums%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20traverse%28nums%29&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=6&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Во весь экран ></a></div></p>
|
||
</details>
|
||
<h3 id="6">6. Поиск элемента<a class="headerlink" href="#6" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>Чтобы найти заданный элемент в массиве, нужно пройти по массиву и на каждой итерации проверять, совпадает ли значение; если совпадает, вернуть соответствующий индекс.</p>
|
||
<p>Поскольку массив - это линейная структура данных, такая операция поиска называется "линейным поиском".</p>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="6:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_6_1" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_2" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_3" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_4" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_5" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_6" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_7" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_8" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_9" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_10" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_11" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_12" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_6_13" name="__tabbed_6" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_6_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_6_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_6_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_6_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_6_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_6_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_6_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_6_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_6_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_6_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_6_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_6_13">Ruby</label></div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-65-2" name="__codelineno-65-2" href="#__codelineno-65-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Найти заданный элемент в массиве"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-65-3" name="__codelineno-65-3" href="#__codelineno-65-3"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-65-4" name="__codelineno-65-4" href="#__codelineno-65-4"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-65-5" name="__codelineno-65-5" href="#__codelineno-65-5"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">i</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-65-6" name="__codelineno-65-6" href="#__codelineno-65-6"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Найти заданный элемент в массиве */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-66-2" name="__codelineno-66-2" href="#__codelineno-66-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-66-3" name="__codelineno-66-3" href="#__codelineno-66-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-66-4" name="__codelineno-66-4" href="#__codelineno-66-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-66-5" name="__codelineno-66-5" href="#__codelineno-66-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-66-6" name="__codelineno-66-6" href="#__codelineno-66-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-66-7" name="__codelineno-66-7" href="#__codelineno-66-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-66-8" name="__codelineno-66-8" href="#__codelineno-66-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Найти заданный элемент в массиве */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-67-2" name="__codelineno-67-2" href="#__codelineno-67-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-67-3" name="__codelineno-67-3" href="#__codelineno-67-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-67-4" name="__codelineno-67-4" href="#__codelineno-67-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-67-5" name="__codelineno-67-5" href="#__codelineno-67-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-67-6" name="__codelineno-67-6" href="#__codelineno-67-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-67-7" name="__codelineno-67-7" href="#__codelineno-67-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-67-8" name="__codelineno-67-8" href="#__codelineno-67-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Найти заданный элемент в массиве */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-68-2" name="__codelineno-68-2" href="#__codelineno-68-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-68-3" name="__codelineno-68-3" href="#__codelineno-68-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-68-4" name="__codelineno-68-4" href="#__codelineno-68-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-68-5" name="__codelineno-68-5" href="#__codelineno-68-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-68-6" name="__codelineno-68-6" href="#__codelineno-68-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-68-7" name="__codelineno-68-7" href="#__codelineno-68-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-68-8" name="__codelineno-68-8" href="#__codelineno-68-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Найти заданный элемент в массиве */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-69-2" name="__codelineno-69-2" href="#__codelineno-69-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-69-3" name="__codelineno-69-3" href="#__codelineno-69-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-69-4" name="__codelineno-69-4" href="#__codelineno-69-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-69-5" name="__codelineno-69-5" href="#__codelineno-69-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-69-6" name="__codelineno-69-6" href="#__codelineno-69-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-69-7" name="__codelineno-69-7" href="#__codelineno-69-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">break</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-69-8" name="__codelineno-69-8" href="#__codelineno-69-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-69-9" name="__codelineno-69-9" href="#__codelineno-69-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-69-10" name="__codelineno-69-10" href="#__codelineno-69-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-69-11" name="__codelineno-69-11" href="#__codelineno-69-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-70-1" name="__codelineno-70-1" href="#__codelineno-70-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Найти заданный элемент в массиве */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-70-2" name="__codelineno-70-2" href="#__codelineno-70-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-70-3" name="__codelineno-70-3" href="#__codelineno-70-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-70-4" name="__codelineno-70-4" href="#__codelineno-70-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-70-5" name="__codelineno-70-5" href="#__codelineno-70-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-70-6" name="__codelineno-70-6" href="#__codelineno-70-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-70-7" name="__codelineno-70-7" href="#__codelineno-70-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-70-8" name="__codelineno-70-8" href="#__codelineno-70-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-70-9" name="__codelineno-70-9" href="#__codelineno-70-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-71-1" name="__codelineno-71-1" href="#__codelineno-71-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Найти заданный элемент в массиве */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-71-2" name="__codelineno-71-2" href="#__codelineno-71-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-71-3" name="__codelineno-71-3" href="#__codelineno-71-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-71-4" name="__codelineno-71-4" href="#__codelineno-71-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-71-5" name="__codelineno-71-5" href="#__codelineno-71-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-71-6" name="__codelineno-71-6" href="#__codelineno-71-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-71-7" name="__codelineno-71-7" href="#__codelineno-71-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-72-1" name="__codelineno-72-1" href="#__codelineno-72-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Найти заданный элемент в массиве */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-72-2" name="__codelineno-72-2" href="#__codelineno-72-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-72-3" name="__codelineno-72-3" href="#__codelineno-72-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-72-4" name="__codelineno-72-4" href="#__codelineno-72-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-72-5" name="__codelineno-72-5" href="#__codelineno-72-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-72-6" name="__codelineno-72-6" href="#__codelineno-72-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-72-7" name="__codelineno-72-7" href="#__codelineno-72-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-72-8" name="__codelineno-72-8" href="#__codelineno-72-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-72-9" name="__codelineno-72-9" href="#__codelineno-72-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-73-1" name="__codelineno-73-1" href="#__codelineno-73-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Найти заданный элемент в массиве */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-73-2" name="__codelineno-73-2" href="#__codelineno-73-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-73-3" name="__codelineno-73-3" href="#__codelineno-73-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-73-4" name="__codelineno-73-4" href="#__codelineno-73-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-73-5" name="__codelineno-73-5" href="#__codelineno-73-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-73-6" name="__codelineno-73-6" href="#__codelineno-73-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-73-7" name="__codelineno-73-7" href="#__codelineno-73-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-74-1" name="__codelineno-74-1" href="#__codelineno-74-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Найти заданный элемент в массиве */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-74-2" name="__codelineno-74-2" href="#__codelineno-74-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-74-3" name="__codelineno-74-3" href="#__codelineno-74-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-74-4" name="__codelineno-74-4" href="#__codelineno-74-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-74-5" name="__codelineno-74-5" href="#__codelineno-74-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-74-6" name="__codelineno-74-6" href="#__codelineno-74-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-74-7" name="__codelineno-74-7" href="#__codelineno-74-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-74-8" name="__codelineno-74-8" href="#__codelineno-74-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">None</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-74-9" name="__codelineno-74-9" href="#__codelineno-74-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-75-1" name="__codelineno-75-1" href="#__codelineno-75-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Найти заданный элемент в массиве */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-75-2" name="__codelineno-75-2" href="#__codelineno-75-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-75-3" name="__codelineno-75-3" href="#__codelineno-75-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-75-4" name="__codelineno-75-4" href="#__codelineno-75-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-75-5" name="__codelineno-75-5" href="#__codelineno-75-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-75-6" name="__codelineno-75-6" href="#__codelineno-75-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-75-7" name="__codelineno-75-7" href="#__codelineno-75-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">-1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-75-8" name="__codelineno-75-8" href="#__codelineno-75-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-76-1" name="__codelineno-76-1" href="#__codelineno-76-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Найти заданный элемент в массиве */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-76-2" name="__codelineno-76-2" href="#__codelineno-76-2"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-76-3" name="__codelineno-76-3" href="#__codelineno-76-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">indices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-76-4" name="__codelineno-76-4" href="#__codelineno-76-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-76-5" name="__codelineno-76-5" href="#__codelineno-76-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-76-6" name="__codelineno-76-6" href="#__codelineno-76-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-76-7" name="__codelineno-76-7" href="#__codelineno-76-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="m">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-76-8" name="__codelineno-76-8" href="#__codelineno-76-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-2" name="__codelineno-77-2" href="#__codelineno-77-2"></a><span class="cm">File: array.rb</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-3" name="__codelineno-77-3" href="#__codelineno-77-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-03-18</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-4" name="__codelineno-77-4" href="#__codelineno-77-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-5" name="__codelineno-77-5" href="#__codelineno-77-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-6" name="__codelineno-77-6" href="#__codelineno-77-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-7" name="__codelineno-77-7" href="#__codelineno-77-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## Случайный доступ к элементу ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-8" name="__codelineno-77-8" href="#__codelineno-77-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">random_access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-9" name="__codelineno-77-9" href="#__codelineno-77-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, nums.length)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-10" name="__codelineno-77-10" href="#__codelineno-77-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">Random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-11" name="__codelineno-77-11" href="#__codelineno-77-11"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-12" name="__codelineno-77-12" href="#__codelineno-77-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-13" name="__codelineno-77-13" href="#__codelineno-77-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-14" name="__codelineno-77-14" href="#__codelineno-77-14"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-15" name="__codelineno-77-15" href="#__codelineno-77-15"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-16" name="__codelineno-77-16" href="#__codelineno-77-16"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-17" name="__codelineno-77-17" href="#__codelineno-77-17"></a><span class="c1"># ## Увеличить длину массива ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-18" name="__codelineno-77-18" href="#__codelineno-77-18"></a><span class="c1"># Обратите внимание: Array в Ruby является динамическим массивом и может быть расширен напрямую</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-19" name="__codelineno-77-19" href="#__codelineno-77-19"></a><span class="c1"># Для удобства обучения эта функция рассматривает Array как массив неизменяемой длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-20" name="__codelineno-77-20" href="#__codelineno-77-20"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-21" name="__codelineno-77-21" href="#__codelineno-77-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-22" name="__codelineno-77-22" href="#__codelineno-77-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-23" name="__codelineno-77-23" href="#__codelineno-77-23"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-24" name="__codelineno-77-24" href="#__codelineno-77-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-25" name="__codelineno-77-25" href="#__codelineno-77-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-26" name="__codelineno-77-26" href="#__codelineno-77-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-27" name="__codelineno-77-27" href="#__codelineno-77-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-28" name="__codelineno-77-28" href="#__codelineno-77-28"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-29" name="__codelineno-77-29" href="#__codelineno-77-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-30" name="__codelineno-77-30" href="#__codelineno-77-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-31" name="__codelineno-77-31" href="#__codelineno-77-31"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-32" name="__codelineno-77-32" href="#__codelineno-77-32"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-33" name="__codelineno-77-33" href="#__codelineno-77-33"></a><span class="c1"># ## Вставка элемента num по индексу index в массив ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-34" name="__codelineno-77-34" href="#__codelineno-77-34"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-35" name="__codelineno-77-35" href="#__codelineno-77-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Сдвинуть элемент с индексом index и все последующие элементы на одну позицию назад</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-36" name="__codelineno-77-36" href="#__codelineno-77-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">downto</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-37" name="__codelineno-77-37" href="#__codelineno-77-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-38" name="__codelineno-77-38" href="#__codelineno-77-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-39" name="__codelineno-77-39" href="#__codelineno-77-39"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-40" name="__codelineno-77-40" href="#__codelineno-77-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Присвоить num элементу по индексу index</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-41" name="__codelineno-77-41" href="#__codelineno-77-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-42" name="__codelineno-77-42" href="#__codelineno-77-42"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-43" name="__codelineno-77-43" href="#__codelineno-77-43"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-44" name="__codelineno-77-44" href="#__codelineno-77-44"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-45" name="__codelineno-77-45" href="#__codelineno-77-45"></a><span class="c1"># ## Удаление элемента по индексу index ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-46" name="__codelineno-77-46" href="#__codelineno-77-46"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-47" name="__codelineno-77-47" href="#__codelineno-77-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Сдвинуть все элементы после индекса index на одну позицию вперед</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-48" name="__codelineno-77-48" href="#__codelineno-77-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-49" name="__codelineno-77-49" href="#__codelineno-77-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-50" name="__codelineno-77-50" href="#__codelineno-77-50"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-51" name="__codelineno-77-51" href="#__codelineno-77-51"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-52" name="__codelineno-77-52" href="#__codelineno-77-52"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-53" name="__codelineno-77-53" href="#__codelineno-77-53"></a><span class="c1"># ## Обход массива ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-54" name="__codelineno-77-54" href="#__codelineno-77-54"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">traverse</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-55" name="__codelineno-77-55" href="#__codelineno-77-55"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-56" name="__codelineno-77-56" href="#__codelineno-77-56"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-57" name="__codelineno-77-57" href="#__codelineno-77-57"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Обход массива по индексам</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-58" name="__codelineno-77-58" href="#__codelineno-77-58"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-59" name="__codelineno-77-59" href="#__codelineno-77-59"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-60" name="__codelineno-77-60" href="#__codelineno-77-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-61" name="__codelineno-77-61" href="#__codelineno-77-61"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-62" name="__codelineno-77-62" href="#__codelineno-77-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Непосредственно обходить элементы массива</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-63" name="__codelineno-77-63" href="#__codelineno-77-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-64" name="__codelineno-77-64" href="#__codelineno-77-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-65" name="__codelineno-77-65" href="#__codelineno-77-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-66" name="__codelineno-77-66" href="#__codelineno-77-66"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-67" name="__codelineno-77-67" href="#__codelineno-77-67"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-68" name="__codelineno-77-68" href="#__codelineno-77-68"></a><span class="c1"># ## Поиск заданного элемента в массиве ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-69" name="__codelineno-77-69" href="#__codelineno-77-69"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">find</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-70" name="__codelineno-77-70" href="#__codelineno-77-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-71" name="__codelineno-77-71" href="#__codelineno-77-71"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">target</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-72" name="__codelineno-77-72" href="#__codelineno-77-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-73" name="__codelineno-77-73" href="#__codelineno-77-73"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-74" name="__codelineno-77-74" href="#__codelineno-77-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-77-75" name="__codelineno-77-75" href="#__codelineno-77-75"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<details class="pythontutor">
|
||
<summary>Визуализация кода</summary>
|
||
<p><div style="height: 477px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20find%28nums%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%2C%20target%3A%20int%29%20-%3E%20int%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B8%20%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%20%D0%B2%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%28len%28nums%29%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20nums%5Bi%5D%20%3D%3D%20target%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%20i%0A%20%20%20%20return%20-1%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1%2C%203%2C%202%2C%205%2C%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%20nums%20%3D%22%2C%20nums%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20index%3A%20int%20%3D%20find%28nums%2C%203%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%203%20%D0%B2%20nums%3A%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%20%3D%22%2C%20index%29&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=6&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
|
||
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20find%28nums%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%2C%20target%3A%20int%29%20-%3E%20int%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B8%20%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%20%D0%B2%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%28len%28nums%29%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20nums%5Bi%5D%20%3D%3D%20target%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%20i%0A%20%20%20%20return%20-1%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B1%2C%203%2C%202%2C%205%2C%204%5D%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B2%20nums%20%3D%22%2C%20nums%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%0A%20%20%20%20index%3A%20int%20%3D%20find%28nums%2C%203%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%20%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%203%20%D0%B2%20nums%3A%20%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%20%3D%22%2C%20index%29&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=6&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Во весь экран ></a></div></p>
|
||
</details>
|
||
<h3 id="7">7. Расширение массива<a class="headerlink" href="#7" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
||
<p>В сложной системной среде программа не может гарантировать, что память сразу после массива доступна, поэтому безопасно расширить емкость массива невозможно. Поэтому в большинстве языков программирования <strong>длина массива неизменяема</strong>.</p>
|
||
<p>Если мы хотим расширить массив, нужно заново создать больший массив и затем по одному скопировать в него элементы исходного массива. Это операция с временной сложностью <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> , и при больших массивах она очень затратна. Соответствующий код показан ниже:</p>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="7:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_7_1" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_2" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_3" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_4" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_5" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_6" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_7" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_8" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_9" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_10" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_11" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_12" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_7_13" name="__tabbed_7" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_7_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_7_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_7_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_7_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_7_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_7_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_7_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_7_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_7_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_7_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_7_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_7_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_7_13">Ruby</label></div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-78-1" name="__codelineno-78-1" href="#__codelineno-78-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-2" name="__codelineno-78-2" href="#__codelineno-78-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Увеличить длину массива"""</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-3" name="__codelineno-78-3" href="#__codelineno-78-3"></a> <span class="c1"># Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-4" name="__codelineno-78-4" href="#__codelineno-78-4"></a> <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-5" name="__codelineno-78-5" href="#__codelineno-78-5"></a> <span class="c1"># Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-6" name="__codelineno-78-6" href="#__codelineno-78-6"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)):</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-7" name="__codelineno-78-7" href="#__codelineno-78-7"></a> <span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-8" name="__codelineno-78-8" href="#__codelineno-78-8"></a> <span class="c1"># Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-78-9" name="__codelineno-78-9" href="#__codelineno-78-9"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-79-1" name="__codelineno-79-1" href="#__codelineno-79-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Увеличить длину массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-2" name="__codelineno-79-2" href="#__codelineno-79-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-3" name="__codelineno-79-3" href="#__codelineno-79-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-4" name="__codelineno-79-4" href="#__codelineno-79-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-5" name="__codelineno-79-5" href="#__codelineno-79-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-6" name="__codelineno-79-6" href="#__codelineno-79-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-7" name="__codelineno-79-7" href="#__codelineno-79-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-8" name="__codelineno-79-8" href="#__codelineno-79-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-9" name="__codelineno-79-9" href="#__codelineno-79-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Освободить память</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-10" name="__codelineno-79-10" href="#__codelineno-79-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">delete</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-11" name="__codelineno-79-11" href="#__codelineno-79-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-12" name="__codelineno-79-12" href="#__codelineno-79-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-79-13" name="__codelineno-79-13" href="#__codelineno-79-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-80-1" name="__codelineno-80-1" href="#__codelineno-80-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Увеличить длину массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-2" name="__codelineno-80-2" href="#__codelineno-80-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-3" name="__codelineno-80-3" href="#__codelineno-80-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-4" name="__codelineno-80-4" href="#__codelineno-80-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-5" name="__codelineno-80-5" href="#__codelineno-80-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-6" name="__codelineno-80-6" href="#__codelineno-80-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-7" name="__codelineno-80-7" href="#__codelineno-80-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-8" name="__codelineno-80-8" href="#__codelineno-80-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-9" name="__codelineno-80-9" href="#__codelineno-80-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-10" name="__codelineno-80-10" href="#__codelineno-80-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-80-11" name="__codelineno-80-11" href="#__codelineno-80-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-81-1" name="__codelineno-81-1" href="#__codelineno-81-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Увеличить длину массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-2" name="__codelineno-81-2" href="#__codelineno-81-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-3" name="__codelineno-81-3" href="#__codelineno-81-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-4" name="__codelineno-81-4" href="#__codelineno-81-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-5" name="__codelineno-81-5" href="#__codelineno-81-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-6" name="__codelineno-81-6" href="#__codelineno-81-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-7" name="__codelineno-81-7" href="#__codelineno-81-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-8" name="__codelineno-81-8" href="#__codelineno-81-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-9" name="__codelineno-81-9" href="#__codelineno-81-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-10" name="__codelineno-81-10" href="#__codelineno-81-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-81-11" name="__codelineno-81-11" href="#__codelineno-81-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Увеличить длину массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-2" name="__codelineno-82-2" href="#__codelineno-82-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">enlarge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-3" name="__codelineno-82-3" href="#__codelineno-82-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-4" name="__codelineno-82-4" href="#__codelineno-82-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="nx">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-5" name="__codelineno-82-5" href="#__codelineno-82-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-6" name="__codelineno-82-6" href="#__codelineno-82-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">range</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-7" name="__codelineno-82-7" href="#__codelineno-82-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">num</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-8" name="__codelineno-82-8" href="#__codelineno-82-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-9" name="__codelineno-82-9" href="#__codelineno-82-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-10" name="__codelineno-82-10" href="#__codelineno-82-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-82-11" name="__codelineno-82-11" href="#__codelineno-82-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-83-1" name="__codelineno-83-1" href="#__codelineno-83-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Увеличить длину массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-2" name="__codelineno-83-2" href="#__codelineno-83-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-3" name="__codelineno-83-3" href="#__codelineno-83-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-4" name="__codelineno-83-4" href="#__codelineno-83-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-5" name="__codelineno-83-5" href="#__codelineno-83-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-6" name="__codelineno-83-6" href="#__codelineno-83-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">indices</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-7" name="__codelineno-83-7" href="#__codelineno-83-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-8" name="__codelineno-83-8" href="#__codelineno-83-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-9" name="__codelineno-83-9" href="#__codelineno-83-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-10" name="__codelineno-83-10" href="#__codelineno-83-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-83-11" name="__codelineno-83-11" href="#__codelineno-83-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-84-1" name="__codelineno-84-1" href="#__codelineno-84-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Увеличить длину массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-2" name="__codelineno-84-2" href="#__codelineno-84-2"></a><span class="c1">// Обратите внимание: Array в JavaScript — это динамический массив, его можно расширять напрямую</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-3" name="__codelineno-84-3" href="#__codelineno-84-3"></a><span class="c1">// Для удобства обучения в этой функции Array рассматривается как массив неизменяемой длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-4" name="__codelineno-84-4" href="#__codelineno-84-4"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-5" name="__codelineno-84-5" href="#__codelineno-84-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-6" name="__codelineno-84-6" href="#__codelineno-84-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">enlarge</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-7" name="__codelineno-84-7" href="#__codelineno-84-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-8" name="__codelineno-84-8" href="#__codelineno-84-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-9" name="__codelineno-84-9" href="#__codelineno-84-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-10" name="__codelineno-84-10" href="#__codelineno-84-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-11" name="__codelineno-84-11" href="#__codelineno-84-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-12" name="__codelineno-84-12" href="#__codelineno-84-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-84-13" name="__codelineno-84-13" href="#__codelineno-84-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-85-1" name="__codelineno-85-1" href="#__codelineno-85-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Увеличить длину массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-2" name="__codelineno-85-2" href="#__codelineno-85-2"></a><span class="c1">// Обратите внимание: Array в TypeScript — это динамический массив, его можно расширять напрямую</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-3" name="__codelineno-85-3" href="#__codelineno-85-3"></a><span class="c1">// Для удобства обучения в этой функции Array рассматривается как массив неизменяемой длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-4" name="__codelineno-85-4" href="#__codelineno-85-4"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">enlarge</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-5" name="__codelineno-85-5" href="#__codelineno-85-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-6" name="__codelineno-85-6" href="#__codelineno-85-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">enlarge</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-7" name="__codelineno-85-7" href="#__codelineno-85-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-8" name="__codelineno-85-8" href="#__codelineno-85-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-9" name="__codelineno-85-9" href="#__codelineno-85-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-10" name="__codelineno-85-10" href="#__codelineno-85-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-11" name="__codelineno-85-11" href="#__codelineno-85-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-12" name="__codelineno-85-12" href="#__codelineno-85-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-85-13" name="__codelineno-85-13" href="#__codelineno-85-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-86-1" name="__codelineno-86-1" href="#__codelineno-86-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Увеличить длину массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-2" name="__codelineno-86-2" href="#__codelineno-86-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-3" name="__codelineno-86-3" href="#__codelineno-86-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-4" name="__codelineno-86-4" href="#__codelineno-86-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-5" name="__codelineno-86-5" href="#__codelineno-86-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-6" name="__codelineno-86-6" href="#__codelineno-86-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-7" name="__codelineno-86-7" href="#__codelineno-86-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-8" name="__codelineno-86-8" href="#__codelineno-86-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-9" name="__codelineno-86-9" href="#__codelineno-86-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-10" name="__codelineno-86-10" href="#__codelineno-86-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-86-11" name="__codelineno-86-11" href="#__codelineno-86-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-87-1" name="__codelineno-87-1" href="#__codelineno-87-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Увеличить длину массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-2" name="__codelineno-87-2" href="#__codelineno-87-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-3" name="__codelineno-87-3" href="#__codelineno-87-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-4" name="__codelineno-87-4" href="#__codelineno-87-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-5" name="__codelineno-87-5" href="#__codelineno-87-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-6" name="__codelineno-87-6" href="#__codelineno-87-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()].</span><span class="n">copy_from_slice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-7" name="__codelineno-87-7" href="#__codelineno-87-7"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-8" name="__codelineno-87-8" href="#__codelineno-87-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-9" name="__codelineno-87-9" href="#__codelineno-87-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-87-10" name="__codelineno-87-10" href="#__codelineno-87-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-88-1" name="__codelineno-88-1" href="#__codelineno-88-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Увеличить длину массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-2" name="__codelineno-88-2" href="#__codelineno-88-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-3" name="__codelineno-88-3" href="#__codelineno-88-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-4" name="__codelineno-88-4" href="#__codelineno-88-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-5" name="__codelineno-88-5" href="#__codelineno-88-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-6" name="__codelineno-88-6" href="#__codelineno-88-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-7" name="__codelineno-88-7" href="#__codelineno-88-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-8" name="__codelineno-88-8" href="#__codelineno-88-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-9" name="__codelineno-88-9" href="#__codelineno-88-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать расширенное пространство</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-10" name="__codelineno-88-10" href="#__codelineno-88-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-11" name="__codelineno-88-11" href="#__codelineno-88-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-12" name="__codelineno-88-12" href="#__codelineno-88-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-13" name="__codelineno-88-13" href="#__codelineno-88-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-14" name="__codelineno-88-14" href="#__codelineno-88-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-88-15" name="__codelineno-88-15" href="#__codelineno-88-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-89-1" name="__codelineno-89-1" href="#__codelineno-89-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Увеличить длину массива */</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-2" name="__codelineno-89-2" href="#__codelineno-89-2"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-3" name="__codelineno-89-3" href="#__codelineno-89-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-4" name="__codelineno-89-4" href="#__codelineno-89-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-5" name="__codelineno-89-5" href="#__codelineno-89-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-6" name="__codelineno-89-6" href="#__codelineno-89-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">indices</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-7" name="__codelineno-89-7" href="#__codelineno-89-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-8" name="__codelineno-89-8" href="#__codelineno-89-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-9" name="__codelineno-89-9" href="#__codelineno-89-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-10" name="__codelineno-89-10" href="#__codelineno-89-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-89-11" name="__codelineno-89-11" href="#__codelineno-89-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
||
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">array.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-90-1" name="__codelineno-90-1" href="#__codelineno-90-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-2" name="__codelineno-90-2" href="#__codelineno-90-2"></a><span class="cm">File: array.rb</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-3" name="__codelineno-90-3" href="#__codelineno-90-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-03-18</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-4" name="__codelineno-90-4" href="#__codelineno-90-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-5" name="__codelineno-90-5" href="#__codelineno-90-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-6" name="__codelineno-90-6" href="#__codelineno-90-6"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-7" name="__codelineno-90-7" href="#__codelineno-90-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## Случайный доступ к элементу ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-8" name="__codelineno-90-8" href="#__codelineno-90-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">random_access</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-9" name="__codelineno-90-9" href="#__codelineno-90-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Случайным образом выбрать число из интервала [0, nums.length)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-10" name="__codelineno-90-10" href="#__codelineno-90-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">Random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-11" name="__codelineno-90-11" href="#__codelineno-90-11"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-12" name="__codelineno-90-12" href="#__codelineno-90-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Получить и вернуть случайный элемент</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-13" name="__codelineno-90-13" href="#__codelineno-90-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">random_index</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-14" name="__codelineno-90-14" href="#__codelineno-90-14"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-15" name="__codelineno-90-15" href="#__codelineno-90-15"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-16" name="__codelineno-90-16" href="#__codelineno-90-16"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-17" name="__codelineno-90-17" href="#__codelineno-90-17"></a><span class="c1"># ## Увеличить длину массива ###</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-18" name="__codelineno-90-18" href="#__codelineno-90-18"></a><span class="c1"># Обратите внимание: Array в Ruby является динамическим массивом и может быть расширен напрямую</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-19" name="__codelineno-90-19" href="#__codelineno-90-19"></a><span class="c1"># Для удобства обучения эта функция рассматривает Array как массив неизменяемой длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-20" name="__codelineno-90-20" href="#__codelineno-90-20"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">extend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-21" name="__codelineno-90-21" href="#__codelineno-90-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализировать массив увеличенной длины</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-22" name="__codelineno-90-22" href="#__codelineno-90-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">enlarge</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-23" name="__codelineno-90-23" href="#__codelineno-90-23"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-24" name="__codelineno-90-24" href="#__codelineno-90-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Скопировать все элементы исходного массива в новый массив</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-25" name="__codelineno-90-25" href="#__codelineno-90-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-26" name="__codelineno-90-26" href="#__codelineno-90-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-27" name="__codelineno-90-27" href="#__codelineno-90-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-28" name="__codelineno-90-28" href="#__codelineno-90-28"></a>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-29" name="__codelineno-90-29" href="#__codelineno-90-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Вернуть новый массив после расширения</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-30" name="__codelineno-90-30" href="#__codelineno-90-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>
|
||
<a id="__codelineno-90-31" name="__codelineno-90-31" href="#__codelineno-90-31"></a><span class="k">end</span>
|
||
</code></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<details class="pythontutor">
|
||
<summary>Визуализация кода</summary>
|
||
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|
||
</details>
|
||
<h2 id="412">4.1.2 Преимущества и ограничения массива<a class="headerlink" href="#412" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>Массив хранится в непрерывной области памяти, и все его элементы имеют один и тот же тип. Такой подход содержит много априорной информации, которую система может использовать для оптимизации эффективности операций со структурой данных.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>Высокая пространственная эффективность</strong>: массив выделяет для данных непрерывный блок памяти без дополнительного структурного накладного расхода.</li>
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||
<li><strong>Поддержка произвольного доступа</strong>: массив позволяет обращаться к любому элементу за <span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span> времени.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Локальность кэша</strong>: при обращении к элементу массива компьютер загружает не только сам элемент, но и соседние данные, что позволяет использовать кэш для ускорения последующих операций.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Хранение в непрерывной области памяти - палка о двух концах, и у него есть следующие ограничения.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>Низкая эффективность вставки и удаления</strong>: когда элементов в массиве много, вставка и удаление требуют сдвига большого количества элементов.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Неизменяемая длина</strong>: после инициализации длина массива фиксирована; расширение массива требует копирования всех данных в новый массив, что стоит дорого.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Потери памяти</strong>: если выделенный массив больше, чем реально необходимо, лишнее пространство пропадает впустую.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h2 id="413">4.1.3 Типичные применения массива<a class="headerlink" href="#413" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>Массив - это базовая и очень распространенная структура данных. Он часто используется как в различных алгоритмах, так и при реализации более сложных структур данных.</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>Произвольный доступ</strong>: если мы хотим случайным образом выбирать некоторые образцы, можно сохранить их в массиве и сгенерировать случайную последовательность индексов для выборки.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Сортировка и поиск</strong>: массив - самая распространенная структура данных для алгоритмов сортировки и поиска. Быстрая сортировка, сортировка слиянием, бинарный поиск и многие другие алгоритмы в основном работают именно с массивами.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Таблица поиска</strong>: когда нужно быстро находить элемент или его соответствие, массив можно использовать как lookup table. Например, если мы хотим реализовать отображение символов в коды ASCII, можно использовать значение ASCII как индекс, а соответствующий элемент хранить по этой позиции массива.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Машинное обучение</strong>: в нейронных сетях широко используются операции линейной алгебры над векторами, матрицами и тензорами, и все эти данные строятся в форме массивов. Массив - самая часто используемая структура данных в программировании нейросетей.</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Реализация структур данных</strong>: массивы можно использовать для реализации стеков, очередей, хеш-таблиц, куч, графов и других структур данных. Например, матрица смежности графа по сути является двумерным массивом.</li>
|
||
</ul>
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