Files
hello-algo/ru/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/index.html
T
krahets 9e8c0cb36c deploy
2026-03-29 02:26:07 +08:00

5528 lines
380 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters
This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.
<!doctype html>
<html lang="ru" class="no-js">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
<meta name="description" content="Учебник по структурам данных и алгоритмам с анимированными иллюстрациями и готовым к запуску кодом">
<meta name="author" content="krahets">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.hello-algo.com/ru/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/">
<link rel="prev" href="../intro_to_dynamic_programming/">
<link rel="next" href="../dp_solution_pipeline/">
<link rel="alternate" href="/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/" hreflang="zh">
<link rel="alternate" href="/zh-hant/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/" hreflang="zh-Hant">
<link rel="alternate" href="/en/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/" hreflang="en">
<link rel="alternate" href="/ja/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/" hreflang="ja">
<link rel="alternate" href="/ru/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/" hreflang="ru">
<link rel="icon" href="../../assets/images/favicon.png">
<meta name="generator" content="mkdocs-1.6.1, mkdocs-material-9.7.1">
<title>14.2 Свойства задач динамического программирования - Hello Algo</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/stylesheets/main.484c7ddc.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../assets/stylesheets/palette.ab4e12ef.min.css">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Noto+Sans:300,300i,400,400i,700,700i%7CJetBrains+Mono:400,400i,700,700i&display=fallback">
<style>:root{--md-text-font:"Noto Sans";--md-code-font:"JetBrains Mono"}</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../stylesheets/extra.css">
<script>__md_scope=new URL("../..",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce(((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0)),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script>
<link href="../../assets/stylesheets/glightbox.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/><style>
html.glightbox-open { overflow: initial; height: 100%; }
.gslide-title { margin-top: 0px; user-select: text; }
.gslide-desc { color: #666; user-select: text; }
.gslide-image img { background: white; }
.gscrollbar-fixer { padding-right: 15px; }
.gdesc-inner { font-size: 0.75rem; }
body[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .gdesc-inner { background: var(--md-default-bg-color);}
body[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .gslide-title { color: var(--md-default-fg-color);}
body[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .gslide-desc { color: var(--md-default-fg-color);}</style> <script src="../../assets/javascripts/glightbox.min.js"></script></head>
<body dir="ltr" data-md-color-scheme="default" data-md-color-primary="white" data-md-color-accent="teal">
<input class="md-toggle" data-md-toggle="drawer" type="checkbox" id="__drawer" autocomplete="off">
<input class="md-toggle" data-md-toggle="search" type="checkbox" id="__search" autocomplete="off">
<label class="md-overlay" for="__drawer"></label>
<div data-md-component="skip">
<a href="#142" class="md-skip">
Перейти к содержанию
</a>
</div>
<div data-md-component="announce">
<aside class="md-banner">
<div class="md-banner__inner md-grid md-typeset">
<div class="banner-svg">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
viewBox="0 0 512 512"><!--!Font Awesome Free 6.5.1 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free Copyright 2024 Fonticons, Inc.-->
<path
d="M480 32c0-12.9-7.8-24.6-19.8-29.6s-25.7-2.2-34.9 6.9L381.7 53c-48 48-113.1 75-181 75H192 160 64c-35.3 0-64 28.7-64 64v96c0 35.3 28.7 64 64 64l0 128c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h64c17.7 0 32-14.3 32-32V352l8.7 0c67.9 0 133 27 181 75l43.6 43.6c9.2 9.2 22.9 11.9 34.9 6.9s19.8-16.6 19.8-29.6V300.4c18.6-8.8 32-32.5 32-60.4s-13.4-51.6-32-60.4V32zm-64 76.7V240 371.3C357.2 317.8 280.5 288 200.7 288H192V192h8.7c79.8 0 156.5-29.8 215.3-83.3z" />
</svg>
<span></span>
</div>
</div>
</aside>
</div>
<header class="md-header md-header--shadow" data-md-component="header">
<nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label="Верхний колонтитул">
<a href="../.." title="Hello Algo" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="Hello Algo" data-md-component="logo">
<img src="../../assets/images/logo.svg" alt="logo">
</a>
<label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__drawer">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3zm0 5h18v2H3z"/></svg>
</label>
<div class="md-header__title" data-md-component="header-title">
<div class="md-header__ellipsis">
<div class="md-header__topic">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Hello Algo
</span>
</div>
<div class="md-header__topic" data-md-component="header-topic">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
14.2 Свойства задач динамического программирования
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form class="md-header__option" data-md-component="palette">
<input class="md-option" data-md-color-media="" data-md-color-scheme="default" data-md-color-primary="white" data-md-color-accent="teal" aria-label="Темная тема" type="radio" name="__palette" id="__palette_0">
<label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Темная тема" for="__palette_1" hidden>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.5 2c-1.79 1.15-3 3.18-3 5.5s1.21 4.35 3.03 5.5C4.46 13 2 10.54 2 7.5A5.5 5.5 0 0 1 7.5 2m11.57 1.5 1.43 1.43L4.93 20.5 3.5 19.07zm-6.18 2.43L11.41 5 9.97 6l.42-1.7L9 3.24l1.75-.12.58-1.65L12 3.1l1.73.03-1.35 1.13zm-3.3 3.61-1.16-.73-1.12.78.34-1.32-1.09-.83 1.36-.09.45-1.29.51 1.27 1.36.03-1.05.87zM19 13.5a5.5 5.5 0 0 1-5.5 5.5c-1.22 0-2.35-.4-3.26-1.07l7.69-7.69c.67.91 1.07 2.04 1.07 3.26m-4.4 6.58 2.77-1.15-.24 3.35zm4.33-2.7 1.15-2.77 2.2 2.54zm1.15-4.96-1.14-2.78 3.34.24zM9.63 18.93l2.77 1.15-2.53 2.19z"/></svg>
</label>
<input class="md-option" data-md-color-media="" data-md-color-scheme="slate" data-md-color-primary="black" data-md-color-accent="teal" aria-label="Светлая тема" type="radio" name="__palette" id="__palette_1">
<label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Светлая тема" for="__palette_0" hidden>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M7.5 2c-1.79 1.15-3 3.18-3 5.5s1.21 4.35 3.03 5.5C4.46 13 2 10.54 2 7.5A5.5 5.5 0 0 1 7.5 2m11.57 1.5 1.43 1.43L4.93 20.5 3.5 19.07zm-6.18 2.43L11.41 5 9.97 6l.42-1.7L9 3.24l1.75-.12.58-1.65L12 3.1l1.73.03-1.35 1.13zm-3.3 3.61-1.16-.73-1.12.78.34-1.32-1.09-.83 1.36-.09.45-1.29.51 1.27 1.36.03-1.05.87zM19 13.5a5.5 5.5 0 0 1-5.5 5.5c-1.22 0-2.35-.4-3.26-1.07l7.69-7.69c.67.91 1.07 2.04 1.07 3.26m-4.4 6.58 2.77-1.15-.24 3.35zm4.33-2.7 1.15-2.77 2.2 2.54zm1.15-4.96-1.14-2.78 3.34.24zM9.63 18.93l2.77 1.15-2.53 2.19z"/></svg>
</label>
</form>
<script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&palette.color){if("(prefers-color-scheme)"===palette.color.media){var media=matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)"),input=document.querySelector(media.matches?"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: light)']":"[data-md-color-media='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)']");palette.color.media=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-media"),palette.color.scheme=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-scheme"),palette.color.primary=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-primary"),palette.color.accent=input.getAttribute("data-md-color-accent")}for(var[key,value]of Object.entries(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,value)}</script>
<div class="md-header__option">
<div class="md-select">
<button class="md-header__button md-icon" aria-label="Выберите язык">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.87 15.07-2.54-2.51.03-.03A17.5 17.5 0 0 0 14.07 6H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v2h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11zM18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2zm-2.62 7 1.62-4.33L19.12 17z"/></svg>
</button>
<div class="md-select__inner">
<ul class="md-select__list">
<li class="md-select__item">
<a href="/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/" hreflang="zh" class="md-select__link">
简体中文
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-select__item">
<a href="/zh-hant/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/" hreflang="zh-Hant" class="md-select__link">
繁體中文
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-select__item">
<a href="/en/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/" hreflang="en" class="md-select__link">
English
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-select__item">
<a href="/ja/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/" hreflang="ja" class="md-select__link">
日本語
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-select__item">
<a href="/ru/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features/" hreflang="ru" class="md-select__link">
Русский
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg>
</label>
<div class="md-search" data-md-component="search" role="dialog">
<label class="md-search__overlay" for="__search"></label>
<div class="md-search__inner" role="search">
<form class="md-search__form" name="search">
<input type="text" class="md-search__input" name="query" aria-label="Поиск" placeholder="Поиск" autocapitalize="off" autocorrect="off" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" data-md-component="search-query" required>
<label class="md-search__icon md-icon" for="__search">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.52 6.52 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5"/></svg>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11z"/></svg>
</label>
<nav class="md-search__options" aria-label="Поиск">
<a href="javascript:void(0)" class="md-search__icon md-icon" title="Поделиться" aria-label="Поделиться" data-clipboard data-clipboard-text="" data-md-component="search-share" tabindex="-1">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18 16.08c-.76 0-1.44.3-1.96.77L8.91 12.7c.05-.23.09-.46.09-.7s-.04-.47-.09-.7l7.05-4.11c.54.5 1.25.81 2.04.81a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3c0 .24.04.47.09.7L8.04 9.81C7.5 9.31 6.79 9 6 9a3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3c.79 0 1.5-.31 2.04-.81l7.12 4.15c-.05.21-.08.43-.08.66 0 1.61 1.31 2.91 2.92 2.91s2.92-1.3 2.92-2.91A2.92 2.92 0 0 0 18 16.08"/></svg>
</a>
<button type="reset" class="md-search__icon md-icon" title="Очистить" aria-label="Очистить" tabindex="-1">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41 17.59 5 12 10.59 6.41 5 5 6.41 10.59 12 5 17.59 6.41 19 12 13.41 17.59 19 19 17.59 13.41 12z"/></svg>
</button>
</nav>
<div class="md-search__suggest" data-md-component="search-suggest"></div>
</form>
<div class="md-search__output">
<div class="md-search__scrollwrap" tabindex="0" data-md-scrollfix>
<div class="md-search-result" data-md-component="search-result">
<div class="md-search-result__meta">
Инициализация поиска
</div>
<ol class="md-search-result__list" role="presentation"></ol>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="md-header__source">
<a href="https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo" title="Перейти к репозиторию" class="md-source" data-md-component="source">
<div class="md-source__icon md-icon">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M173.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6m-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3m44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9M252.8 8C114.1 8 8 113.3 8 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C436.2 457.8 504 362.9 504 252 504 113.3 391.5 8 252.8 8M105.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1m-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7m32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1m-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9s4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3c1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2"/></svg>
</div>
<div class="md-source__repository">
krahets/hello-algo
</div>
</a>
</div>
</nav>
</header>
<div class="md-container" data-md-component="container">
<main class="md-main" data-md-component="main">
<div class="md-main__inner md-grid">
<div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--primary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="navigation" >
<div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
<div class="md-sidebar__inner">
<nav class="md-nav md-nav--primary" aria-label="Навигация" data-md-level="0">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__drawer">
<a href="../.." title="Hello Algo" class="md-nav__button md-logo" aria-label="Hello Algo" data-md-component="logo">
<img src="../../assets/images/logo.svg" alt="logo">
</a>
Hello Algo
</label>
<div class="md-nav__source">
<a href="https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo" title="Перейти к репозиторию" class="md-source" data-md-component="source">
<div class="md-source__icon md-icon">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M173.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6m-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3m44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9M252.8 8C114.1 8 8 113.3 8 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C436.2 457.8 504 362.9 504 252 504 113.3 391.5 8 252.8 8M105.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1m-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7m32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1m-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9s4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3c1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2"/></svg>
</div>
<div class="md-source__repository">
krahets/hello-algo
</div>
</a>
</div>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_1" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_hello_algo/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m13.13 22.19-1.63-3.83c1.57-.58 3.04-1.36 4.4-2.27zM5.64 12.5l-3.83-1.63 6.1-2.77C7 9.46 6.22 10.93 5.64 12.5M19.22 4c.28 0 .53 0 .74.05.17 1.39-.02 4.25-3.3 7.53-1.7 1.71-3.73 3.02-6.01 3.89l-2.15-2.1c.92-2.31 2.23-4.34 3.92-6.03C15.18 4.58 17.64 4 19.22 4m0-2c-1.98 0-4.98.69-8.22 3.93-2.19 2.19-3.5 4.6-4.35 6.71-.28.75-.09 1.57.46 2.13l2.13 2.12c.38.38.89.61 1.42.61.23 0 .47-.06.7-.15A19.1 19.1 0 0 0 18.07 13c5.66-5.66 3.54-10.61 3.54-10.61S20.7 2 19.22 2m-4.68 7.46c-.78-.78-.78-2.05 0-2.83s2.05-.78 2.83 0c.77.78.78 2.05 0 2.83s-2.05.78-2.83 0m-5.66 7.07-1.41-1.41zM6.24 22l3.64-3.64c-.34-.09-.67-.24-.97-.45L4.83 22zM2 22h1.41l4.77-4.76-1.42-1.41L2 20.59zm0-2.83 4.09-4.08c-.21-.3-.36-.62-.45-.97L2 17.76z"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Перед началом
</span>
</a>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_1_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_1">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Перед началом
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_2" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_preface/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 4H3a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v13a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h18a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V6a2 2 0 0 0-2-2M3 19V6h8v13zm18 0h-8V6h8zm-7-9.5h6V11h-6zm0 2.5h6v1.5h-6zm0 2.5h6V16h-6z"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 0. Предисловие
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_2" id="__nav_2_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_2_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 0. Предисловие
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_preface/about_the_book/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
0.1 Об этой книге
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_preface/suggestions/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
0.2 Как пользоваться этой книгой
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_preface/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
0.3 Резюме
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_3" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_introduction/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 3H5c-1.1 0-2 .9-2 2v14c0 1.1.9 2 2 2h14c1.1 0 2-.9 2-2V5c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2m0 16H5V5h14zM6.2 7.7h5v1.5h-5zm6.8 8.1h5v1.5h-5zm0-2.6h5v1.5h-5zM8 18h1.5v-2h2v-1.5h-2v-2H8v2H6V16h2zm6.1-7.1 1.4-1.4 1.4 1.4 1.1-1-1.4-1.4L18 7.1 16.9 6l-1.4 1.4L14.1 6 13 7.1l1.4 1.4L13 9.9z"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 1. Знакомство с алгоритмами
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_3" id="__nav_3_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_3_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 1. Знакомство с алгоритмами
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_introduction/algorithms_are_everywhere/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
1.1 Алгоритмы повсюду
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_introduction/what_is_dsa/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
1.2 Что такое структуры данных и алгоритмы
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_introduction/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
1.3 Резюме
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M6 2h12v6l-4 4 4 4v6H6v-6l4-4-4-4zm10 14.5-4-4-4 4V20h8zm-4-5 4-4V4H8v3.5zM10 6h4v.75l-2 2-2-2z"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 2. Анализ сложности
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_4" id="__nav_4_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_4_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 2. Анализ сложности
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/performance_evaluation/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
2.1 Оценка эффективности алгоритмов
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/iteration_and_recursion/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
2.2 Итерация и рекурсия
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
2.3 Временная сложность
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/space_complexity/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
2.4 Пространственная сложность
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_computational_complexity/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
2.5 Резюме
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M11 13.5v8H3v-8zm-2 2H5v4h4zM12 2l5.5 9h-11zm0 3.86L10.08 9h3.84zM17.5 13c2.5 0 4.5 2 4.5 4.5S20 22 17.5 22 13 20 13 17.5s2-4.5 4.5-4.5m0 2a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5-2.5"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 3. Структуры данных
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_5" id="__nav_5_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_5_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 3. Структуры данных
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/classification_of_data_structure/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
3.1 Классификация структур данных
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/basic_data_types/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
3.2 Базовые типы данных
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/number_encoding/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
3.3 Кодирование чисел *
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/character_encoding/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
3.4 Кодирование символов *
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_data_structure/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
3.5 Резюме
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_6" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 5v14h17V5zm4 2v2H5V7zm-2 6v-2h2v2zm0 2h2v2H5zm13 2H9v-2h9zm0-4H9v-2h9zm0-4H9V7h9z"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 4. Массив и связный список
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_6" id="__nav_6_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_6_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_6">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 4. Массив и связный список
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/array/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
4.1 Массив
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
4.2 Связный список
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/list/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
4.3 Список
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/ram_and_cache/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
4.4 Память и кеш *
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_array_and_linkedlist/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
4.5 Резюме
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_7" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17.36 20.2v-5.38h1.79V22H3v-7.18h1.8v5.38zM6.77 14.32l.37-1.76 8.79 1.85-.37 1.76zm1.16-4.21.76-1.61 8.14 3.78-.76 1.62zm2.26-3.99 1.15-1.38 6.9 5.76-1.15 1.37zm4.45-4.25L20 9.08l-1.44 1.07-5.36-7.21zM6.59 18.41v-1.8h8.98v1.8z"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 5. Стек и очередь
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_7" id="__nav_7_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_7_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_7">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 5. Стек и очередь
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/stack/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
5.1 Стек
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/queue/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
5.2 Очередь
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/deque/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
5.3 Двусторонняя очередь
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_stack_and_queue/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
5.4 Резюме
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_8" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_hashing/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19.3 17.89c1.32-2.1.7-4.89-1.41-6.21a4.52 4.52 0 0 0-6.21 1.41C10.36 15.2 11 18 13.09 19.3c1.47.92 3.33.92 4.8 0L21 22.39 22.39 21zm-2-.62c-.98.98-2.56.97-3.54 0-.97-.98-.97-2.56.01-3.54.97-.97 2.55-.97 3.53 0 .96.99.95 2.57-.03 3.54zM19 4H5a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v12a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h5.81a6.3 6.3 0 0 1-1.31-2H5v-4h4.18c.16-.71.43-1.39.82-2H5V8h6v2.81a6.3 6.3 0 0 1 2-1.31V8h6v2a6.499 6.499 0 0 1 2 2V6a2 2 0 0 0-2-2"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 6. Хеширование
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_8" id="__nav_8_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_8_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_8">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 6. Хеширование
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_map/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
6.1 Хеш-таблица
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_collision/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
6.2 Хеш-коллизии
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_hashing/hash_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
6.3 Хеш-алгоритмы
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_hashing/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
6.4 Резюме
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_9" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19.5 17c-.14 0-.26 0-.39.04L17.5 13.8c.45-.45.75-1.09.75-1.8a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5-2.5c-.14 0-.25 0-.4.04L13.74 6.3c.47-.46.76-1.09.76-1.8a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-5 0c0 .7.29 1.34.76 1.79L8.65 9.54c-.15-.04-.26-.04-.4-.04a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5 2.5c0 .71.29 1.34.75 1.79l-1.61 3.25C4.76 17 4.64 17 4.5 17a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0 5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 7 19.5c0-.7-.29-1.34-.76-1.79l1.62-3.25c.14.04.26.04.39.04s.25 0 .38-.04l1.63 3.25c-.47.45-.76 1.09-.76 1.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5 0A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 12 17c-.13 0-.26 0-.39.04L10 13.8c.45-.45.75-1.09.75-1.8 0-.7-.29-1.33-.75-1.79l1.61-3.25c.13.04.26.04.39.04s.26 0 .39-.04L14 10.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 1.75 4.29c.13 0 .25 0 .38-.04l1.63 3.25c-.47.45-.76 1.09-.76 1.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5 0 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5-2.5m-15 3.5c-.55 0-1-.45-1-1s.45-1 1-1 1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1m8.5-1c0 .55-.45 1-1 1s-1-.45-1-1 .45-1 1-1 1 .45 1 1M7.25 12c0-.55.45-1 1-1s1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1-1-.45-1-1M11 4.5c0-.55.45-1 1-1s1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1-1-.45-1-1m3.75 7.5c0-.55.45-1 1-1s1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1-1-.45-1-1m4.75 8.5c-.55 0-1-.45-1-1s.45-1 1-1 1 .45 1 1-.45 1-1 1"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 7. Дерево
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_9" id="__nav_9_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_9_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_9">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 7. Дерево
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
7.1 Двоичное дерево
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_tree_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
7.2 Обход двоичного дерева
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/array_representation_of_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
7.3 Представление дерева массивом
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/binary_search_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
7.4 Двоичное дерево поиска
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/avl_tree/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
7.5 AVL-дерево *
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_tree/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
7.6 Резюме
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_10" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_heap/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 1a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-2.5 2.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 11 5.79V7H7a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 3.5 12 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 5 14.29V15H4a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v1.21A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 .5 20.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 3 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 4 18.21V17h4v1.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5 2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 9 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5-2.29V17a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H7v-.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 8.5 12 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 7 9.71V9h10v.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 15.5 12a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 1.5 2.29V15h-1a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v1.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5 2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 15 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5-2.29V17h4v1.21a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5 2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 21 23a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.5-2.29V17a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-1v-.71A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 20.5 12 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 19 9.71V9a2 2 0 0 0-2-2h-4V5.79a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 1.5-2.29A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 12 1m0 1.5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1M6 11a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m12 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1M3 19.5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m6 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m6 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1m6 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1 1 1 1 0 0 1-1-1 1 1 0 0 1 1-1"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 8. Куча
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_10" id="__nav_10_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_10_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_10">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 8. Куча
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_heap/heap/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
8.1 Куча
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_heap/build_heap/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
8.2 Построение кучи
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_heap/top_k/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
8.3 Задача Top-K
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_heap/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
8.4 Резюме
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_11" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_graph/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12 5.37-.44-.06L6 14.9c.24.21.4.48.47.78h11.06c.07-.3.23-.57.47-.78l-5.56-9.59zM6.6 16.53l4.28 2.53c.29-.27.69-.43 1.12-.43s.83.16 1.12.43l4.28-2.53zM12 22a1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.68-1.68l.09-.56-4.3-2.55c-.31.36-.76.58-1.27.58a1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.68-1.68c0-.79.53-1.45 1.26-1.64V9.36c-.83-.11-1.47-.82-1.47-1.68A1.68 1.68 0 0 1 4.63 6c.55 0 1.03.26 1.34.66l4.41-2.53-.06-.45c0-.93.75-1.68 1.68-1.68s1.68.75 1.68 1.68l-.06.45 4.41 2.53c.31-.4.79-.66 1.34-.66a1.68 1.68 0 0 1 1.68 1.68c0 .86-.64 1.57-1.47 1.68v5.11c.73.19 1.26.85 1.26 1.64a1.68 1.68 0 0 1-1.68 1.68c-.51 0-.96-.22-1.27-.58l-4.3 2.55.09.56A1.68 1.68 0 0 1 12 22M10.8 4.86 6.3 7.44l.02.24c0 .71-.44 1.32-1.06 1.57l.03 5.25zm2.4 0 5.51 9.64.03-5.25c-.62-.25-1.06-.86-1.06-1.57l.02-.24z"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 9. Граф
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_11" id="__nav_11_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_11_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_11">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 9. Граф
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
9.1 Граф
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_operations/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
9.2 Базовые операции над графами
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_graph/graph_traversal/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
9.3 Обход графа
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_graph/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
9.4 Резюме
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_12" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m19.31 18.9 3.08 3.1L21 23.39l-3.12-3.07c-.69.43-1.51.68-2.38.68-2.5 0-4.5-2-4.5-4.5s2-4.5 4.5-4.5 4.5 2 4.5 4.5c0 .88-.25 1.71-.69 2.4m-3.81.1a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0-5 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 0 5M21 4v2H3V4zM3 16v-2h6v2zm0-5V9h18v2h-2.03c-1.01-.63-2.2-1-3.47-1s-2.46.37-3.47 1z"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 10. Поиск
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_12" id="__nav_12_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_12_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_12">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 10. Поиск
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
10.1 Двоичный поиск
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search_insertion/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
10.2 Точка вставки двоичного поиска
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/binary_search_edge/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
10.3 Граничные случаи двоичного поиска
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/replace_linear_by_hashing/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
10.4 Стратегия оптимизации через хеширование
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/searching_algorithm_revisited/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
10.5 Алгоритмы поиска: новый взгляд
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_searching/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
10.6 Резюме
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_13" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 17h3l-4 4-4-4h3V3h2M2 17h10v2H2M6 5v2H2V5m0 6h7v2H2z"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 11. Сортировка
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_13" id="__nav_13_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_13_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_13">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 11. Сортировка
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/sorting_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
11.1 Алгоритмы сортировки
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/selection_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
11.2 Сортировка выбором
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bubble_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
11.3 Пузырьковая сортировка
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/insertion_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
11.4 Сортировка вставкой
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/quick_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
11.5 Быстрая сортировка
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/merge_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
11.6 Сортировка слиянием
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/heap_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
11.7 Пирамидальная сортировка
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/bucket_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
11.8 Блочная сортировка
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/counting_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
11.9 Сортировка подсчетом
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/radix_sort/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
11.10 Поразрядная сортировка
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_sorting/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
11.11 Резюме
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_14" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17 7v2h5V7zM2 9v6h5V9zm10 0v2H9v2h3v2l3-3zm5 2v2h5v-2zm0 4v2h5v-2z"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 12. Разделяй и властвуй
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_14" id="__nav_14_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_14_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_14">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 12. Разделяй и властвуй
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/divide_and_conquer/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
12.1 Алгоритмы разделяй и властвуй
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/binary_search_recur/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
12.2 Стратегия поиска разделяй и властвуй
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/build_binary_tree_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
12.3 Задача построения двоичного дерева
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/hanota_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
12.4 Задача о Ханойской башне
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_divide_and_conquer/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
12.5 Резюме
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_15" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18 15a3 3 0 0 1 3 3 3 3 0 0 1-3 3 2.99 2.99 0 0 1-2.83-2H14v-2h1.17c.41-1.17 1.52-2 2.83-2m0 2a1 1 0 0 0-1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1-1 1 1 0 0 0-1-1m0-9a1.43 1.43 0 0 0 1.43-1.43 1.43 1.43 0 1 0-2.86 0A1.43 1.43 0 0 0 18 8m0-5.43a4 4 0 0 1 4 4C22 9.56 18 14 18 14s-4-4.44-4-7.43a4 4 0 0 1 4-4M8.83 17H10v2H8.83A2.99 2.99 0 0 1 6 21a3 3 0 0 1-3-3c0-1.31.83-2.42 2-2.83V14h2v1.17c.85.3 1.53.98 1.83 1.83M6 17a1 1 0 0 0-1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1-1 1 1 0 0 0-1-1M6 3a3 3 0 0 1 3 3c0 1.31-.83 2.42-2 2.83V10H5V8.83A2.99 2.99 0 0 1 3 6a3 3 0 0 1 3-3m0 2a1 1 0 0 0-1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1-1 1 1 0 0 0-1-1m5 14v-2h2v2zm-4-6H5v-2h2z"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 13. Поиск с возвратом
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_15" id="__nav_15_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_15_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_15">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 13. Поиск с возвратом
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/backtracking_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
13.1 Алгоритм поиска с возвратом
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/permutations_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
13.2 Задача о перестановках
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/subset_sum_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
13.3 Задача о сумме подмножеств
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/n_queens_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
13.4 Задача о $n$ ферзях
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_backtracking/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
13.5 Резюме
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_16" checked>
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M22 15h-2v3c0 1.11-.89 2-2 2h-3v2l-3-3 3-3v2h3v-3h-2l3-3zm0-11v4c0 1.1-.9 2-2 2H10v10c0 1.1-.9 2-2 2H4c-1.1 0-2-.9-2-2V4c0-1.1.9-2 2-2h16c1.1 0 2 .9 2 2M4 8h4V4H4zm0 2v4h4v-4zm4 10v-4H4v4zm6-12V4h-4v4zm6-4h-4v4h4z"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 14. Динамическое программирование
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_16" id="__nav_16_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_16_label" aria-expanded="true">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_16">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 14. Динамическое программирование
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../intro_to_dynamic_programming/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
14.1 Введение в динамическое программирование
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
<label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
14.2 Свойства задач динамического программирования
</span>
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
<a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
14.2 Свойства задач динамического программирования
</span>
</a>
<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Содержание">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Содержание
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#1421" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
14.2.1 &nbsp; Оптимальная подструктура
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#1422" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
14.2.2 &nbsp; Отсутствие последствий
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../dp_solution_pipeline/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
14.3 Подход к решению задач динамического программирования
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../knapsack_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
14.4 Задача о рюкзаке 0-1
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../unbounded_knapsack_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
14.5 Задача о неограниченном рюкзаке
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../edit_distance_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
14.6 Задача о расстоянии редактирования
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../summary/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
14.7 Резюме
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_17" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_greedy/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 3c3.88 0 7 3.14 7 7 0 2.8-1.63 5.19-4 6.31V21H9v-3H8c-1.11 0-2-.89-2-2v-3H4.5c-.42 0-.66-.5-.42-.81L6 9.66A7.003 7.003 0 0 1 13 3m0-2C8.41 1 4.61 4.42 4.06 8.9L2.5 11h-.03l-.02.03c-.55.76-.62 1.76-.19 2.59.36.69 1 1.17 1.74 1.32V16c0 1.85 1.28 3.42 3 3.87V23h11v-5.5c2.5-1.67 4-4.44 4-7.5 0-4.97-4.04-9-9-9m4 7.83c0 1.54-1.36 2.77-3.42 4.64L13 14l-.58-.53C10.36 11.6 9 10.37 9 8.83c0-1.2.96-2.19 2.16-2.2h.04c.69 0 1.35.31 1.8.83.45-.52 1.11-.83 1.8-.83 1.2-.01 2.2.96 2.2 2.16z"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 15. Жадность
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_17" id="__nav_17_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_17_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_17">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 15. Жадность
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_greedy/greedy_algorithm/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
15.1 Жадный алгоритм
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_greedy/fractional_knapsack_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
15.2 Задача о дробном рюкзаке
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_greedy/max_capacity_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
15.3 Задача о максимальной вместимости
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_greedy/max_product_cutting_problem/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
15.4 Задача о максимальном произведении разбиения
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_greedy/summary/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
15.5 Резюме
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_18" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_appendix/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M11 18h2v-2h-2zm1-16A10 10 0 0 0 2 12a10 10 0 0 0 10 10 10 10 0 0 0 10-10A10 10 0 0 0 12 2m0 18c-4.41 0-8-3.59-8-8s3.59-8 8-8 8 3.59 8 8-3.59 8-8 8m0-14a4 4 0 0 0-4 4h2a2 2 0 0 1 2-2 2 2 0 0 1 2 2c0 2-3 1.75-3 5h2c0-2.25 3-2.5 3-5a4 4 0 0 0-4-4"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Глава 16. Приложение
</span>
</a>
<label class="md-nav__link " for="__nav_18" id="__nav_18_label" tabindex="0">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
</label>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_18_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_18">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Глава 16. Приложение
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_appendix/installation/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
16.1 Установка среды программирования
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_appendix/contribution/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
16.2 Присоединяйтесь к созданию книги
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="../../chapter_appendix/terminology/" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
16.3 Глоссарий
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_19" >
<div class="md-nav__link md-nav__container">
<a href="../../chapter_reference/" class="md-nav__link ">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9 3v15h3V3zm3 2 4 13 3-1-4-13zM5 5v13h3V5zM3 19v2h18v-2z"/></svg>
<span class="md-ellipsis">
Список литературы
</span>
</a>
</div>
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="1" aria-labelledby="__nav_19_label" aria-expanded="false">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_19">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Список литературы
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
</ul>
</nav>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
<div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
<div class="md-sidebar__inner">
<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Содержание">
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
Содержание
</label>
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#1421" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
14.2.1 &nbsp; Оптимальная подструктура
</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="md-nav__item">
<a href="#1422" class="md-nav__link">
<span class="md-ellipsis">
14.2.2 &nbsp; Отсутствие последствий
</span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
<article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
<!-- Tags -->
<!-- Actions -->
<!-- Actions -->
<!-- Edit button -->
<a
href="https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo/tree/main/ru/docs/chapter_dynamic_programming/dp_problem_features.md"
title="Редактировать страницу"
class="md-content__button md-icon"
>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M441 58.9 453.1 71c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L424 134.1 377.9 88 407 58.9c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0zM209.8 256.2 344 121.9l46.1 46.1-134.3 134.2c-2.9 2.9-6.5 5-10.4 6.1L186.9 325l16.7-58.5c1.1-3.9 3.2-7.5 6.1-10.4zM373.1 25 175.8 222.2c-8.7 8.7-15 19.4-18.3 31.1l-28.6 100c-2.4 8.4-.1 17.4 6.1 23.6s15.2 8.5 23.6 6.1l100-28.6c11.8-3.4 22.5-9.7 31.1-18.3L487 138.9c28.1-28.1 28.1-73.7 0-101.8L474.9 25c-28.1-28.1-73.7-28.1-101.8 0M88 64c-48.6 0-88 39.4-88 88v272c0 48.6 39.4 88 88 88h272c48.6 0 88-39.4 88-88V312c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24s-24 10.7-24 24v112c0 22.1-17.9 40-40 40H88c-22.1 0-40-17.9-40-40V152c0-22.1 17.9-40 40-40h112c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24s-10.7-24-24-24z"/></svg>
</a>
<!-- View button -->
<!-- Page content -->
<h1 id="142">14.2 &nbsp; Свойства задач динамического программирования<a class="headerlink" href="#142" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<p>В предыдущем разделе мы увидели, как динамическое программирование решает исходную задачу через разложение на подзадачи. На самом деле разложение на подзадачи - это общий алгоритмический подход, но в divide and conquer, динамическом программировании и backtracking акценты расставлены по-разному.</p>
<ul>
<li>Алгоритмы divide and conquer рекурсивно раскладывают исходную задачу на несколько независимых подзадач, пока не будет достигнута наименьшая подзадача, а затем в процессе возврата объединяют решения подзадач в решение исходной задачи.</li>
<li>Динамическое программирование тоже раскладывает задачу рекурсивно, но его главное отличие от divide and conquer в том, что подзадачи здесь зависят друг от друга и в процессе разложения возникает много перекрывающихся подзадач.</li>
<li>Алгоритм backtracking перебирает все возможные решения через попытки и откат и с помощью обрезки избегает ненужных ветвей поиска. Решение исходной задачи состоит из последовательности решений, и подзадачей можно считать префикс этой последовательности решений.</li>
</ul>
<p>На практике динамическое программирование часто применяется для задач оптимизации. Такие задачи не только содержат перекрывающиеся подзадачи, но и обладают еще двумя важными свойствами: оптимальной подструктурой и отсутствием последствий.</p>
<h2 id="1421">14.2.1 &nbsp; Оптимальная подструктура<a class="headerlink" href="#1421" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>Немного изменим задачу о подъеме по лестнице, чтобы нагляднее показать понятие оптимальной подструктуры.</p>
<div class="admonition question">
<p class="admonition-title">Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице</p>
<p>Дана лестница, по которой можно подниматься на <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> или на <span class="arithmatex">\(2\)</span> ступени за раз. На каждой ступени указано неотрицательное целое число, обозначающее цену попадания на эту ступень. Дан массив неотрицательных целых чисел <span class="arithmatex">\(cost\)</span> , где <span class="arithmatex">\(cost[i]\)</span> - это цена для ступени <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> , а <span class="arithmatex">\(cost[0]\)</span> соответствует земле (начальной позиции). Найдите минимальную суммарную стоимость, необходимую для достижения вершины.</p>
</div>
<p>Как показано на рисунке 14-6, если цены для ступеней <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> , <span class="arithmatex">\(2\)</span> и <span class="arithmatex">\(3\)</span> равны соответственно <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> , <span class="arithmatex">\(10\)</span> и <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> , то минимальная стоимость подъема с земли на третью ступень равна <span class="arithmatex">\(2\)</span> .</p>
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../dp_problem_features.assets/min_cost_cs_example.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="Минимальная стоимость подъема на 3-ю ступень" class="animation-figure" src="../dp_problem_features.assets/min_cost_cs_example.png" /></a></p>
<p align="center"> Рисунок 14-6 &nbsp; Минимальная стоимость подъема на 3-ю ступень </p>
<p>Пусть <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[i]\)</span> обозначает накопленную стоимость подъема на ступень <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> . Поскольку на ступень <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> можно прийти только со ступени <span class="arithmatex">\(i - 1\)</span> или со ступени <span class="arithmatex">\(i - 2\)</span> , значение <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[i]\)</span> может быть либо <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[i - 1] + cost[i]\)</span> , либо <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[i - 2] + cost[i]\)</span> . Чтобы минимизировать стоимость, нужно выбрать меньший из этих двух вариантов:</p>
<div class="arithmatex">\[
dp[i] = \min(dp[i-1], dp[i-2]) + cost[i]
\]</div>
<p>Отсюда и возникает смысл оптимальной подструктуры: <strong>оптимальное решение исходной задачи строится из оптимальных решений подзадач</strong>.</p>
<p>Очевидно, что эта задача обладает оптимальной подструктурой: мы берем лучшее из двух оптимальных решений подзадач <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[i-1]\)</span> и <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[i-2]\)</span> и на его основе строим оптимальное решение исходной задачи <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[i]\)</span> .</p>
<p>А обладает ли оптимальной подструктурой исходная задача о числе способов подъема по лестнице из прошлого раздела? Формально она не про оптимум, а про подсчет количества. Но если переформулировать ее как "найдите максимальное количество способов", мы неожиданно увидим, что <strong>хотя исходная задача осталась по сути той же, оптимальная подструктура стала явной</strong>: максимальное число способов добраться до ступени <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> равно сумме максимальных чисел способов добраться до ступеней <span class="arithmatex">\(n-1\)</span> и <span class="arithmatex">\(n-2\)</span> . То есть объяснение оптимальной подструктуры в разных задачах может быть довольно гибким.</p>
<p>Зная уравнение перехода состояния, а также начальные состояния <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[1] = cost[1]\)</span> и <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[2] = cost[2]\)</span> , мы можем сразу написать код динамического программирования:</p>
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_13" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_1_13">Ruby</label></div>
<div class="tabbed-content">
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a> <span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a> <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a> <span class="c1"># Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a> <span class="c1"># Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">MinCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cmp</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">costSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">costSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">calloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">myMin</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Освободить память</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3.</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="cm">File: min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.rb</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-05-29</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">each</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]].</span><span class="n">min</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<details class="pythontutor">
<summary>Визуализация кода</summary>
<p><div style="height: 549px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp%28cost%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%29%20-%3E%20int%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%3A%20%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20n%20%3D%20len%28cost%29%20-%201%0A%20%20%20%20if%20n%20%3D%3D%201%20or%20n%20%3D%3D%202%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%20cost%5Bn%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B%20dp%20%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F%20%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%0A%20%20%20%20dp%20%3D%20%5B0%5D%20%2A%20%28n%20%2B%201%29%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%3A%20%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B5%20%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%85%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%0A%20%20%20%20dp%5B1%5D%2C%20dp%5B2%5D%20%3D%20cost%5B1%5D%2C%20cost%5B2%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%3A%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%85%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%20%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%20%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B5%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%283%2C%20n%20%2B%201%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20dp%5Bi%5D%20%3D%20min%28dp%5Bi%20-%201%5D%2C%20dp%5Bi%20-%202%5D%29%20%2B%20cost%5Bi%5D%0A%20%20%20%20return%20dp%5Bn%5D%0A%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20cost%20%3D%20%5B0%2C%201%2C%2010%2C%201%2C%201%2C%201%2C%2010%2C%201%2C%201%2C%2010%2C%201%5D%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA%20%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%20%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%20%3D%20%7Bcost%7D%22%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp%28cost%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%20%3D%20%7Bres%7D%22%29&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=4&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp%28cost%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%29%20-%3E%20int%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%3A%20%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20n%20%3D%20len%28cost%29%20-%201%0A%20%20%20%20if%20n%20%3D%3D%201%20or%20n%20%3D%3D%202%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%20cost%5Bn%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B%20dp%20%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F%20%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%0A%20%20%20%20dp%20%3D%20%5B0%5D%20%2A%20%28n%20%2B%201%29%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%3A%20%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B5%20%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%85%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%0A%20%20%20%20dp%5B1%5D%2C%20dp%5B2%5D%20%3D%20cost%5B1%5D%2C%20cost%5B2%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%3A%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%85%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%20%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%20%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B5%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%283%2C%20n%20%2B%201%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20dp%5Bi%5D%20%3D%20min%28dp%5Bi%20-%201%5D%2C%20dp%5Bi%20-%202%5D%29%20%2B%20cost%5Bi%5D%0A%20%20%20%20return%20dp%5Bn%5D%0A%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20cost%20%3D%20%5B0%2C%201%2C%2010%2C%201%2C%201%2C%201%2C%2010%2C%201%2C%201%2C%2010%2C%201%5D%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA%20%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%20%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%20%3D%20%7Bcost%7D%22%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp%28cost%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%20%3D%20%7Bres%7D%22%29&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=4&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Во весь экран &gt;</a></div></p>
</details>
<p>На рисунке 14-7 показан процесс динамического программирования для этой задачи.</p>
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../dp_problem_features.assets/min_cost_cs_dp.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="Процесс динамического программирования для минимальной стоимости подъема" class="animation-figure" src="../dp_problem_features.assets/min_cost_cs_dp.png" /></a></p>
<p align="center"> Рисунок 14-7 &nbsp; Процесс динамического программирования для минимальной стоимости подъема </p>
<p>В этой задаче тоже можно оптимизировать пространство, сжав одномерное состояние в нулевое измерение и тем самым уменьшив пространственную сложность с <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> до <span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span> :</p>
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_13" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_2_13">Ruby</label></div>
<div class="tabbed-content">
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">b</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">MinCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">],</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">],</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Math</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cmp</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">costSize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">costSize</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">myMin</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">minCostClimbingStairsDPComp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3.</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-12" name="__codelineno-24-12" href="#__codelineno-24-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-13" name="__codelineno-24-13" href="#__codelineno-24-13"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="cm">File: min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp.rb</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-05-29</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">each</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]].</span><span class="n">min</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-20" name="__codelineno-25-20" href="#__codelineno-25-20"></a><span class="c1"># Минимальная стоимость подъема по лестнице: динамическое программирование с оптимизацией памяти</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-21" name="__codelineno-25-21" href="#__codelineno-25-21"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp_comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-22" name="__codelineno-25-22" href="#__codelineno-25-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-23" name="__codelineno-25-23" href="#__codelineno-25-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-24" name="__codelineno-25-24" href="#__codelineno-25-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-25" name="__codelineno-25-25" href="#__codelineno-25-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">each</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="o">].</span><span class="n">min</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cost</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-26" name="__codelineno-25-26" href="#__codelineno-25-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-27" name="__codelineno-25-27" href="#__codelineno-25-27"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<details class="pythontutor">
<summary>Визуализация кода</summary>
<p><div style="height: 513px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp_comp%28cost%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%29%20-%3E%20int%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%3A%20%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D1%81%20%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B9%20%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20n%20%3D%20len%28cost%29%20-%201%0A%20%20%20%20if%20n%20%3D%3D%201%20or%20n%20%3D%3D%202%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%20cost%5Bn%5D%0A%20%20%20%20a%2C%20b%20%3D%20cost%5B1%5D%2C%20cost%5B2%5D%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%283%2C%20n%20%2B%201%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20a%2C%20b%20%3D%20b%2C%20min%28a%2C%20b%29%20%2B%20cost%5Bi%5D%0A%20%20%20%20return%20b%0A%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20cost%20%3D%20%5B0%2C%201%2C%2010%2C%201%2C%201%2C%201%2C%2010%2C%201%2C%201%2C%2010%2C%201%5D%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA%20%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%20%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%20%3D%20%7Bcost%7D%22%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp_comp%28cost%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%20%3D%20%7Bres%7D%22%29&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=5&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp_comp%28cost%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%29%20-%3E%20int%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%3A%20%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D1%81%20%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B9%20%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20n%20%3D%20len%28cost%29%20-%201%0A%20%20%20%20if%20n%20%3D%3D%201%20or%20n%20%3D%3D%202%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%20cost%5Bn%5D%0A%20%20%20%20a%2C%20b%20%3D%20cost%5B1%5D%2C%20cost%5B2%5D%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%283%2C%20n%20%2B%201%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20a%2C%20b%20%3D%20b%2C%20min%28a%2C%20b%29%20%2B%20cost%5Bi%5D%0A%20%20%20%20return%20b%0A%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20cost%20%3D%20%5B0%2C%201%2C%2010%2C%201%2C%201%2C%201%2C%2010%2C%201%2C%201%2C%2010%2C%201%5D%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA%20%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%20%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%20%3D%20%7Bcost%7D%22%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20min_cost_climbing_stairs_dp_comp%28cost%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%20%3D%20%7Bres%7D%22%29&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=5&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Во весь экран &gt;</a></div></p>
</details>
<h2 id="1422">14.2.2 &nbsp; Отсутствие последствий<a class="headerlink" href="#1422" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>Отсутствие последствий - одно из ключевых свойств, благодаря которому динамическое программирование вообще может эффективно работать. Его определение таково: <strong>если текущее состояние задано однозначно, то его дальнейшее развитие зависит только от него самого и не зависит от всей истории предыдущих состояний</strong>.</p>
<p>Для примера снова рассмотрим задачу о лестнице. Если дано состояние <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> , то из него можно перейти в состояния <span class="arithmatex">\(i+1\)</span> и <span class="arithmatex">\(i+2\)</span> , соответствующие прыжкам на <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> и на <span class="arithmatex">\(2\)</span> ступени. Чтобы сделать один из этих выборов, не нужно знать, какими были состояния до <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> ; на будущее влияет только текущее состояние <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> .</p>
<p>Однако если добавить в задачу дополнительное ограничение, ситуация изменится.</p>
<div class="admonition question">
<p class="admonition-title">Подъем по лестнице с ограничением</p>
<p>Дана лестница из <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> ступеней. За один шаг можно подняться на <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> или на <span class="arithmatex">\(2\)</span> ступени, <strong>но нельзя два раунда подряд прыгать на <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> ступень</strong>. Сколькими способами можно добраться до вершины?</p>
</div>
<p>Как показано на рисунке 14-8, на третью ступень теперь существует только <span class="arithmatex">\(2\)</span> допустимых способа добраться: вариант с тремя последовательными прыжками на <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> не удовлетворяет ограничению и потому отбрасывается.</p>
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../dp_problem_features.assets/climbing_stairs_constraint_example.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="Число способов подняться на 3-ю ступень при наличии ограничения" class="animation-figure" src="../dp_problem_features.assets/climbing_stairs_constraint_example.png" /></a></p>
<p align="center"> Рисунок 14-8 &nbsp; Число способов подняться на 3-ю ступень при наличии ограничения </p>
<p>В этой задаче, если в предыдущем раунде был сделан прыжок на <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> ступень, то в следующем раунде уже обязательно нужно прыгнуть на <span class="arithmatex">\(2\)</span> ступени. Иными словами, <strong>следующий выбор уже нельзя определить только по текущему состоянию (текущему номеру ступени) - он зависит еще и от предыдущего состояния (с какой ступени мы пришли в прошлый раз)</strong>.</p>
<p>Нетрудно заметить, что в таком виде задача больше не удовлетворяет свойству отсутствия последствий, а уравнение перехода состояния <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[i] = dp[i-1] + dp[i-2]\)</span> перестает работать, потому что <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[i-1]\)</span> соответствует прыжку на <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> ступень, но при этом включает множество вариантов, где предыдущий раунд тоже был прыжком на <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> ступень. Такие варианты уже нельзя напрямую учитывать в <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[i]\)</span> , если мы хотим соблюдать ограничение.</p>
<p>Поэтому нам нужно расширить определение состояния: <strong>состояние <span class="arithmatex">\([i, j]\)</span> означает, что мы находимся на ступени <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> и в предыдущем раунде прыгнули на <span class="arithmatex">\(j\)</span> ступеней</strong>, где <span class="arithmatex">\(j \in \{1, 2\}\)</span> . Такое определение состояния эффективно различает, был ли в прошлом раунде прыжок на <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> или на <span class="arithmatex">\(2\)</span> ступени, и позволяет корректно определить, откуда произошло текущее состояние.</p>
<ul>
<li>Если в предыдущем раунде был прыжок на <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> ступень, то в раунде перед ним мог быть только прыжок на <span class="arithmatex">\(2\)</span> ступени, то есть <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[i, 1]\)</span> может перейти только из <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[i-1, 2]\)</span> .</li>
<li>Если в предыдущем раунде был прыжок на <span class="arithmatex">\(2\)</span> ступени, то еще шагом раньше можно было прыгнуть либо на <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> , либо на <span class="arithmatex">\(2\)</span> ступени, то есть <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[i, 2]\)</span> может переходить из <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[i-2, 1]\)</span> или из <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[i-2, 2]\)</span> .</li>
</ul>
<p>Как показано на рисунке 14-9, при таком определении <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[i, j]\)</span> обозначает число способов для состояния <span class="arithmatex">\([i, j]\)</span> . Тогда уравнение перехода состояния имеет вид:</p>
<div class="arithmatex">\[
\begin{cases}
dp[i, 1] = dp[i-1, 2] \\
dp[i, 2] = dp[i-2, 1] + dp[i-2, 2]
\end{cases}
\]</div>
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../dp_problem_features.assets/climbing_stairs_constraint_state_transfer.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="Рекуррентная связь с учетом ограничения" class="animation-figure" src="../dp_problem_features.assets/climbing_stairs_constraint_state_transfer.png" /></a></p>
<p align="center"> Рисунок 14-9 &nbsp; Рекуррентная связь с учетом ограничения </p>
<p>В конце достаточно вернуть <span class="arithmatex">\(dp[n, 1] + dp[n, 2]\)</span> ; эта сумма и представляет общее число способов добраться до ступени <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> :</p>
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_13" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_3_13">Ruby</label></div>
<div class="tabbed-content">
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Подъем по лестнице с ограничениями: динамическое программирование&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a> <span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a> <span class="n">dp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">3</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a> <span class="c1"># Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a> <span class="c1"># Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Подъем по лестнице с ограничениями: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-16" name="__codelineno-27-16" href="#__codelineno-27-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-17" name="__codelineno-27-17" href="#__codelineno-27-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-18" name="__codelineno-27-18" href="#__codelineno-27-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-19" name="__codelineno-27-19" href="#__codelineno-27-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Подъем по лестнице с ограничениями: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-16" name="__codelineno-28-16" href="#__codelineno-28-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-17" name="__codelineno-28-17" href="#__codelineno-28-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-18" name="__codelineno-28-18" href="#__codelineno-28-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-19" name="__codelineno-28-19" href="#__codelineno-28-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Подъем по лестнице с ограничениями: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">ClimbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[,]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-16" name="__codelineno-29-16" href="#__codelineno-29-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-17" name="__codelineno-29-17" href="#__codelineno-29-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-18" name="__codelineno-29-18" href="#__codelineno-29-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-19" name="__codelineno-29-19" href="#__codelineno-29-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Подъем по лестнице с ограничениями: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-18" name="__codelineno-30-18" href="#__codelineno-30-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-19" name="__codelineno-30-19" href="#__codelineno-30-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Подъем по лестнице с ограничениями: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-16" name="__codelineno-31-16" href="#__codelineno-31-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-17" name="__codelineno-31-17" href="#__codelineno-31-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-18" name="__codelineno-31-18" href="#__codelineno-31-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-19" name="__codelineno-31-19" href="#__codelineno-31-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Подъем по лестнице с ограничениями: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-16" name="__codelineno-32-16" href="#__codelineno-32-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-17" name="__codelineno-32-17" href="#__codelineno-32-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-18" name="__codelineno-32-18" href="#__codelineno-32-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-19" name="__codelineno-32-19" href="#__codelineno-32-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Подъем по лестнице с ограничениями: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">from</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-14" name="__codelineno-33-14" href="#__codelineno-33-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-15" name="__codelineno-33-15" href="#__codelineno-33-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-16" name="__codelineno-33-16" href="#__codelineno-33-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-17" name="__codelineno-33-17" href="#__codelineno-33-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-18" name="__codelineno-33-18" href="#__codelineno-33-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mf">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-19" name="__codelineno-33-19" href="#__codelineno-33-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Подъем по лестнице с ограничениями: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-10" name="__codelineno-34-10" href="#__codelineno-34-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-11" name="__codelineno-34-11" href="#__codelineno-34-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-12" name="__codelineno-34-12" href="#__codelineno-34-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-13" name="__codelineno-34-13" href="#__codelineno-34-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-14" name="__codelineno-34-14" href="#__codelineno-34-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-15" name="__codelineno-34-15" href="#__codelineno-34-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-16" name="__codelineno-34-16" href="#__codelineno-34-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-17" name="__codelineno-34-17" href="#__codelineno-34-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-18" name="__codelineno-34-18" href="#__codelineno-34-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-19" name="__codelineno-34-19" href="#__codelineno-34-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Подъем по лестнице с ограничениями: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-8" name="__codelineno-35-8" href="#__codelineno-35-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-9" name="__codelineno-35-9" href="#__codelineno-35-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-10" name="__codelineno-35-10" href="#__codelineno-35-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-11" name="__codelineno-35-11" href="#__codelineno-35-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-12" name="__codelineno-35-12" href="#__codelineno-35-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-13" name="__codelineno-35-13" href="#__codelineno-35-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-14" name="__codelineno-35-14" href="#__codelineno-35-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">..=</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-15" name="__codelineno-35-15" href="#__codelineno-35-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-16" name="__codelineno-35-16" href="#__codelineno-35-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-17" name="__codelineno-35-17" href="#__codelineno-35-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-18" name="__codelineno-35-18" href="#__codelineno-35-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-19" name="__codelineno-35-19" href="#__codelineno-35-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Подъем по лестнице с ограничениями: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-4" name="__codelineno-36-4" href="#__codelineno-36-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-5" name="__codelineno-36-5" href="#__codelineno-36-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-6" name="__codelineno-36-6" href="#__codelineno-36-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-7" name="__codelineno-36-7" href="#__codelineno-36-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-8" name="__codelineno-36-8" href="#__codelineno-36-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-9" name="__codelineno-36-9" href="#__codelineno-36-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">calloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-10" name="__codelineno-36-10" href="#__codelineno-36-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-11" name="__codelineno-36-11" href="#__codelineno-36-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-12" name="__codelineno-36-12" href="#__codelineno-36-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-13" name="__codelineno-36-13" href="#__codelineno-36-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-14" name="__codelineno-36-14" href="#__codelineno-36-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-15" name="__codelineno-36-15" href="#__codelineno-36-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-16" name="__codelineno-36-16" href="#__codelineno-36-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-17" name="__codelineno-36-17" href="#__codelineno-36-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-18" name="__codelineno-36-18" href="#__codelineno-36-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-19" name="__codelineno-36-19" href="#__codelineno-36-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-20" name="__codelineno-36-20" href="#__codelineno-36-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-21" name="__codelineno-36-21" href="#__codelineno-36-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-22" name="__codelineno-36-22" href="#__codelineno-36-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Освободить память</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-23" name="__codelineno-36-23" href="#__codelineno-36-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-24" name="__codelineno-36-24" href="#__codelineno-36-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-25" name="__codelineno-36-25" href="#__codelineno-36-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-26" name="__codelineno-36-26" href="#__codelineno-36-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-27" name="__codelineno-36-27" href="#__codelineno-36-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-28" name="__codelineno-36-28" href="#__codelineno-36-28"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Подъем по лестнице с ограничениями: динамическое программирование */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbingStairsConstraintDP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-4" name="__codelineno-37-4" href="#__codelineno-37-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-5" name="__codelineno-37-5" href="#__codelineno-37-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-6" name="__codelineno-37-6" href="#__codelineno-37-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-7" name="__codelineno-37-7" href="#__codelineno-37-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-8" name="__codelineno-37-8" href="#__codelineno-37-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-9" name="__codelineno-37-9" href="#__codelineno-37-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-10" name="__codelineno-37-10" href="#__codelineno-37-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-11" name="__codelineno-37-11" href="#__codelineno-37-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-12" name="__codelineno-37-12" href="#__codelineno-37-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-13" name="__codelineno-37-13" href="#__codelineno-37-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-14" name="__codelineno-37-14" href="#__codelineno-37-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3.</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-15" name="__codelineno-37-15" href="#__codelineno-37-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-16" name="__codelineno-37-16" href="#__codelineno-37-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-17" name="__codelineno-37-17" href="#__codelineno-37-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-18" name="__codelineno-37-18" href="#__codelineno-37-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-19" name="__codelineno-37-19" href="#__codelineno-37-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="cm">File: climbing_stairs_constraint_dp.rb</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-05-29</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## Подъем по лестнице с ограничениями: динамическое программирование ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-8" name="__codelineno-38-8" href="#__codelineno-38-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">climbing_stairs_constraint_dp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-9" name="__codelineno-38-9" href="#__codelineno-38-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">||</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-10" name="__codelineno-38-10" href="#__codelineno-38-10"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-38-11" name="__codelineno-38-11" href="#__codelineno-38-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализация таблицы dp для хранения решений подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-12" name="__codelineno-38-12" href="#__codelineno-38-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-13" name="__codelineno-38-13" href="#__codelineno-38-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Начальное состояние: заранее задать решения наименьших подзадач</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-14" name="__codelineno-38-14" href="#__codelineno-38-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-15" name="__codelineno-38-15" href="#__codelineno-38-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-16" name="__codelineno-38-16" href="#__codelineno-38-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Переход состояний: постепенное решение больших подзадач через меньшие</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-17" name="__codelineno-38-17" href="#__codelineno-38-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-18" name="__codelineno-38-18" href="#__codelineno-38-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-19" name="__codelineno-38-19" href="#__codelineno-38-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-20" name="__codelineno-38-20" href="#__codelineno-38-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-21" name="__codelineno-38-21" href="#__codelineno-38-21"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-38-22" name="__codelineno-38-22" href="#__codelineno-38-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dp</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-23" name="__codelineno-38-23" href="#__codelineno-38-23"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<details class="pythontutor">
<summary>Визуализация кода</summary>
<p><div style="height: 549px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20climbing_stairs_constraint_dp%28n%3A%20int%29%20-%3E%20int%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BC%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%20%D1%81%20%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B8%3A%20%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20if%20n%20%3D%3D%201%20or%20n%20%3D%3D%202%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%201%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B%20dp%20%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F%20%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%0A%20%20%20%20dp%20%3D%20%5B%5B0%5D%20%2A%203%20for%20_%20in%20range%28n%20%2B%201%29%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%3A%20%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B5%20%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%85%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%0A%20%20%20%20dp%5B1%5D%5B1%5D%2C%20dp%5B1%5D%5B2%5D%20%3D%201%2C%200%0A%20%20%20%20dp%5B2%5D%5B1%5D%2C%20dp%5B2%5D%5B2%5D%20%3D%200%2C%201%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%3A%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%85%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%20%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%20%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B5%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%283%2C%20n%20%2B%201%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20dp%5Bi%5D%5B1%5D%20%3D%20dp%5Bi%20-%201%5D%5B2%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20dp%5Bi%5D%5B2%5D%20%3D%20dp%5Bi%20-%202%5D%5B1%5D%20%2B%20dp%5Bi%20-%202%5D%5B2%5D%0A%20%20%20%20return%20dp%5Bn%5D%5B1%5D%20%2B%20dp%5Bn%5D%5B2%5D%0A%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20n%20%3D%209%0A%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20climbing_stairs_constraint_dp%28n%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%20%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B2%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8F%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%20%D0%B8%D0%B7%20%7Bn%7D%20%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%20%3D%20%7Bres%7D%22%29&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=4&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20climbing_stairs_constraint_dp%28n%3A%20int%29%20-%3E%20int%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BC%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%20%D1%81%20%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B8%3A%20%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20if%20n%20%3D%3D%201%20or%20n%20%3D%3D%202%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%201%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B%20dp%20%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F%20%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%0A%20%20%20%20dp%20%3D%20%5B%5B0%5D%20%2A%203%20for%20_%20in%20range%28n%20%2B%201%29%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%3A%20%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B5%20%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%85%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%0A%20%20%20%20dp%5B1%5D%5B1%5D%2C%20dp%5B1%5D%5B2%5D%20%3D%201%2C%200%0A%20%20%20%20dp%5B2%5D%5B1%5D%2C%20dp%5B2%5D%5B2%5D%20%3D%200%2C%201%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%3A%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%20%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%85%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87%20%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%20%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B5%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%283%2C%20n%20%2B%201%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20dp%5Bi%5D%5B1%5D%20%3D%20dp%5Bi%20-%201%5D%5B2%5D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20dp%5Bi%5D%5B2%5D%20%3D%20dp%5Bi%20-%202%5D%5B1%5D%20%2B%20dp%5Bi%20-%202%5D%5B2%5D%0A%20%20%20%20return%20dp%5Bn%5D%5B1%5D%20%2B%20dp%5Bn%5D%5B2%5D%0A%0A%0A%22%22%22Driver%20Code%22%22%22%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20n%20%3D%209%0A%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20climbing_stairs_constraint_dp%28n%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28f%22%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%20%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B2%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8F%20%D0%BF%D0%BE%20%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%20%D0%B8%D0%B7%20%7Bn%7D%20%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%20%3D%20%7Bres%7D%22%29&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=4&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Во весь экран &gt;</a></div></p>
</details>
<p>В этом примере достаточно дополнительно учитывать только одно предыдущее состояние, поэтому после расширения определения состояния задача снова начинает удовлетворять свойству отсутствия последствий. Однако в некоторых задачах "зависимость от прошлого" бывает гораздо серьезнее.</p>
<div class="admonition question">
<p class="admonition-title">Подъем по лестнице с порождением препятствий</p>
<p>Дана лестница из <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> ступеней. За один шаг можно подняться на <span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> или на <span class="arithmatex">\(2\)</span> ступени. <strong>При этом, если вы попали на ступень <span class="arithmatex">\(i\)</span> , система автоматически создает препятствие на ступени <span class="arithmatex">\(2i\)</span> , и на всех последующих шагах становиться на ступень <span class="arithmatex">\(2i\)</span> уже нельзя</strong>. Например, если в первых двух раундах вы попали на ступени <span class="arithmatex">\(2\)</span> и <span class="arithmatex">\(3\)</span> , то после этого нельзя будет попадать на ступени <span class="arithmatex">\(4\)</span> и <span class="arithmatex">\(6\)</span> . Сколько существует способов добраться до вершины?</p>
</div>
<p>В этой задаче следующий прыжок зависит от всех предыдущих состояний, потому что каждый прыжок порождает новое препятствие на более высокой ступени и тем самым влияет на все будущие прыжки. Для задач такого типа динамическое программирование обычно оказывается непригодным.</p>
<p>Вообще, многие сложные задачи комбинаторной оптимизации (например, задача коммивояжера) не обладают свойством отсутствия последствий. Для таких задач обычно выбирают другие методы - например, эвристический поиск, генетические алгоритмы, обучение с подкреплением и т.д., - чтобы за ограниченное время получить пригодное локально оптимальное решение.</p>
<!-- Source file information -->
<!-- Was this page helpful? -->
<!-- Previous and next pages link -->
<nav
class="md-footer__inner md-grid"
aria-label="Нижний колонтитул"
>
<!-- Link to previous page -->
<a
href="../intro_to_dynamic_programming/"
class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev"
aria-label="Назад: 14.1 Введение в динамическое программирование"
rel="prev"
>
<div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11z"/></svg>
</div>
<div class="md-footer__title">
<span class="md-footer__direction">
Назад
</span>
<div class="md-ellipsis">
14.1 Введение в динамическое программирование
</div>
</div>
</a>
<!-- Link to next page -->
<a
href="../dp_solution_pipeline/"
class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next"
aria-label="Вперед: 14.3 Подход к решению задач динамического программирования"
rel="next"
>
<div class="md-footer__title">
<span class="md-footer__direction">
Вперед
</span>
<div class="md-ellipsis">
14.3 Подход к решению задач динамического программирования
</div>
</div>
<div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11z"/></svg>
</div>
</a>
</nav>
<!-- Comment system -->
<!-- Check-in button above comments -->
<h5 align="center" id="__comments">Оставляйте свои идеи, вопросы и предложения в комментариях</h5>
<!-- Insert generated snippet here -->
<script
src="https://giscus.app/client.js"
data-repo="krahets/hello-algo"
data-repo-id="R_kgDOIXtSqw"
data-category="Announcements"
data-category-id="DIC_kwDOIXtSq84CSZk_"
data-mapping="pathname"
data-strict="1"
data-reactions-enabled="1"
data-emit-metadata="1"
data-input-position="top"
data-theme="light"
data-lang="ru"
crossorigin="anonymous"
async
>
</script>
<!-- Synchronize Giscus theme with palette -->
<script>
var giscus = document.querySelector("script[src*=giscus]")
/* Set palette on initial load */
var palette = __md_get("__palette")
if (palette && typeof palette.color === "object") {
var theme = palette.color.scheme === "slate" ? "dark_dimmed" : "light"
giscus.setAttribute("data-theme", theme)
}
/* Register event handlers after documented loaded */
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function() {
var ref = document.querySelector("[data-md-component=palette]")
ref.addEventListener("change", function() {
var palette = __md_get("__palette")
if (palette && typeof palette.color === "object") {
var theme = palette.color.scheme === "slate" ? "dark_dimmed" : "light"
/* Instruct Giscus to change theme */
var frame = document.querySelector(".giscus-frame")
frame.contentWindow.postMessage(
{ giscus: { setConfig: { theme } } },
"https://giscus.app"
)
}
})
})
</script>
</article>
</div>
<script>var tabs=__md_get("__tabs");if(Array.isArray(tabs))e:for(var set of document.querySelectorAll(".tabbed-set")){var labels=set.querySelector(".tabbed-labels");for(var tab of tabs)for(var label of labels.getElementsByTagName("label"))if(label.innerText.trim()===tab){var input=document.getElementById(label.htmlFor);input.checked=!0;continue e}}</script>
<script>var target=document.getElementById(location.hash.slice(1));target&&target.name&&(target.checked=target.name.startsWith("__tabbed_"))</script>
</div>
<button type="button" class="md-top md-icon" data-md-component="top" hidden>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8z"/></svg>
К началу
</button>
</main>
<footer class="md-footer">
<nav class="md-footer__inner md-grid" aria-label="Нижний колонтитул" >
<a href="../intro_to_dynamic_programming/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--prev" aria-label="Назад: 14.1 Введение в динамическое программирование">
<div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20 11v2H8l5.5 5.5-1.42 1.42L4.16 12l7.92-7.92L13.5 5.5 8 11z"/></svg>
</div>
<div class="md-footer__title">
<span class="md-footer__direction">
Назад
</span>
<div class="md-ellipsis">
14.1 Введение в динамическое программирование
</div>
</div>
</a>
<a href="../dp_solution_pipeline/" class="md-footer__link md-footer__link--next" aria-label="Вперед: 14.3 Подход к решению задач динамического программирования">
<div class="md-footer__title">
<span class="md-footer__direction">
Вперед
</span>
<div class="md-ellipsis">
14.3 Подход к решению задач динамического программирования
</div>
</div>
<div class="md-footer__button md-icon">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4 11v2h12l-5.5 5.5 1.42 1.42L19.84 12l-7.92-7.92L10.5 5.5 16 11z"/></svg>
</div>
</a>
</nav>
<div class="md-footer-meta md-typeset">
<div class="md-footer-meta__inner md-grid">
<div class="md-copyright">
<div class="md-copyright__highlight">
Copyright &copy; 2026 krahets<br>The website content is licensed under <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">CC BY-NC-SA 4.0</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="md-social">
<a href="https://github.com/krahets" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="github.com" class="md-social__link">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M173.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6m-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3m44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9M252.8 8C114.1 8 8 113.3 8 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C436.2 457.8 504 362.9 504 252 504 113.3 391.5 8 252.8 8M105.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1m-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7m32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1m-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9s4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3c1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2"/></svg>
</a>
<a href="https://twitter.com/krahets" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="twitter.com" class="md-social__link">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M357.2 48h70.6L273.6 224.2 455 464H313L201.7 318.6 74.5 464H3.8l164.9-188.5L-5.2 48h145.6l100.5 132.9zm-24.8 373.8h39.1L119.1 88h-42z"/></svg>
</a>
<a href="https://leetcode.cn/u/jyd/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="leetcode.cn" class="md-social__link">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 576 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 7.1.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2025 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M360.8 1.2c-17-4.9-34.7 5-39.6 22l-128 448c-4.9 17 5 34.7 22 39.6s34.7-5 39.6-22l128-448c4.9-17-5-34.7-22-39.6m64.6 136.1c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3l73.4 73.4-73.4 73.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0l96-96c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3l-96-96c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0zm-274.7 0c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0l-96 96c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3l96 96c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0s12.5-32.8 0-45.3L77.3 256l73.3-73.4c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3z"/></svg>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
</div>
<div class="md-dialog" data-md-component="dialog">
<div class="md-dialog__inner md-typeset"></div>
</div>
<script id="__config" type="application/json">{"annotate": null, "base": "../..", "features": ["content.action.edit", "content.code.annotate", "content.code.copy", "content.tabs.link", "content.tooltips", "navigation.indexes", "navigation.top", "navigation.footer", "navigation.tracking", "search.highlight", "search.share", "search.suggest", "toc.follow"], "search": "../../assets/javascripts/workers/search.2c215733.min.js", "tags": null, "translations": {"clipboard.copied": "\u0421\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0440", "clipboard.copy": "\u041a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0440", "search.result.more.one": "\u0415\u0449\u0451 1 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435", "search.result.more.other": "\u0415\u0449\u0451 # \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435", "search.result.none": "\u0421\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e", "search.result.one": "\u041d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e 1 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435", "search.result.other": "\u041d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: #", "search.result.placeholder": "\u041d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430", "search.result.term.missing": "\u041e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442", "select.version": "\u0412\u044b\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e"}, "version": null}</script>
<script src="../../assets/javascripts/bundle.79ae519e.min.js"></script>
<script src="../../javascripts/mathjax.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/3.2.2/es5/tex-mml-chtml.min.js"></script>
<script id="init-glightbox">const lightbox = GLightbox({"touchNavigation": true, "loop": false, "zoomable": true, "draggable": false, "openEffect": "zoom", "closeEffect": "zoom", "slideEffect": "none"});
document$.subscribe(() => { lightbox.reload() });
</script></body>
</html>