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10.2 Точка вставки двоичного поиска
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10.3 Граничные случаи двоичного поиска
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10.4 Стратегия оптимизации через хеширование
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10.5 Алгоритмы поиска: новый взгляд
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Глава 11. Сортировка
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11.1 Алгоритмы сортировки
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11.2 Сортировка выбором
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11.3 Пузырьковая сортировка
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11.4 Сортировка вставкой
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11.6 Сортировка слиянием
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11.7 Пирамидальная сортировка
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11.8 Блочная сортировка
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11.9 Сортировка подсчетом
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11.10 Поразрядная сортировка
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14.1 Введение в динамическое программирование
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<h1 id="72">7.2 &nbsp; Обход двоичного дерева<a class="headerlink" href="#72" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<p>С точки зрения физической структуры дерево представляет собой разновидность структуры данных на основе связей, поэтому его обход выполняется через последовательный доступ к узлам по указателям. Однако дерево является нелинейной структурой данных, а значит, его обход сложнее, чем обход связного списка, и для него требуется использовать поисковые алгоритмы.</p>
<p>К распространенным способам обхода двоичного дерева относятся обход по уровням, прямой обход, симметричный обход и обратный обход.</p>
<h2 id="721">7.2.1 &nbsp; Обход по уровням<a class="headerlink" href="#721" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>Как показано на рисунке 7-9, <u>обход по уровням (level-order traversal)</u> проходит двоичное дерево сверху вниз по уровням и на каждом уровне посещает узлы слева направо.</p>
<p>По своей сути обход по уровням относится к <u>обходу в ширину (breadth-first traversal)</u>, также называемому <u>поиском в ширину (breadth-first search, BFS)</u>; он отражает идею "расширяться слой за слоем наружу".</p>
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/binary_tree_bfs.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="Обход двоичного дерева по уровням" class="animation-figure" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/binary_tree_bfs.png" /></a></p>
<p align="center"> Рисунок 7-9 &nbsp; Обход двоичного дерева по уровням </p>
<h3 id="1">1. &nbsp; Код реализации<a class="headerlink" href="#1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>Обход в ширину обычно реализуется с помощью "очереди". Очередь подчиняется правилу "первым пришел - первым вышел", а обход в ширину подчиняется правилу "продвигаться по уровням", поэтому стоящая за ними идея согласована. Код реализации приведен ниже:</p>
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">level_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">]:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Обход в ширину&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a> <span class="c1"># Инициализировать очередь и добавить корневой узел</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">deque</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a> <span class="c1"># Инициализировать список для хранения последовательности обхода</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a> <span class="n">res</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a> <span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a> <span class="n">node</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">popleft</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c1"># Извлечение из очереди</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a> <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># Сохранить значение узла</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># Поместить левый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a> <span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># Поместить правый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">res</span>
</code></pre></div>
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход в ширину */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать очередь и добавить корневой узел</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать список для хранения последовательности обхода</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Извлечение из очереди</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сохранить значение узла</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить левый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить правый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход в ширину */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать очередь и добавить корневой узел</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать список для хранения последовательности обхода</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">isEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">poll</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Извлечение из очереди</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сохранить значение узла</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить левый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить правый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход в ширину */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LevelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать очередь и добавить корневой узел</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать список для хранения последовательности обхода</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Dequeue</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Извлечение из очереди</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Value</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сохранить значение узла</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить левый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Enqueue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить правый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход в ширину */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать очередь и добавить корневой узел</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">New</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать срез для хранения последовательности обхода</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">any</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Len</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Извлечение из очереди</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Remove</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Front</span><span class="p">()).(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сохранить значение узла</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить левый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить правый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">PushBack</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход в ширину */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать очередь и добавить корневой узел</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">queue</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать список для хранения последовательности обхода</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">list</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">isEmpty</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeFirst</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Извлечение из очереди</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сохранить значение узла</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить левый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить правый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход в ширину */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать очередь и добавить корневой узел</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать список для хранения последовательности обхода</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">shift</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Извлечение из очереди</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сохранить значение узла</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить левый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить правый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход в ширину */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать очередь и добавить корневой узел</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать список для хранения последовательности обхода</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">shift</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Извлечение из очереди</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сохранить значение узла</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить левый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить правый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход в ширину */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать очередь и добавить корневой узел</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Queue</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать список для хранения последовательности обхода</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isNotEmpty</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">removeFirst</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Извлечение из очереди</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сохранить значение узла</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить левый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить правый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход в ширину */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">level_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать очередь и добавить корневой узел</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">VecDeque</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать список для хранения последовательности обхода</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">pop_front</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Извлечение из очереди</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сохранить значение узла</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить левый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">que</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">());</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить правый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход в ширину */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Вспомогательная очередь */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Вспомогательная очередь */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX_SIZE</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Указатель очереди</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-13" name="__codelineno-10-13" href="#__codelineno-10-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Добавить корневой узел</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-14" name="__codelineno-10-14" href="#__codelineno-10-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-15" name="__codelineno-10-15" href="#__codelineno-10-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать список для хранения последовательности обхода</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-16" name="__codelineno-10-16" href="#__codelineno-10-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Вспомогательный массив */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-17" name="__codelineno-10-17" href="#__codelineno-10-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MAX_SIZE</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-18" name="__codelineno-10-18" href="#__codelineno-10-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Указатель на массив</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-19" name="__codelineno-10-19" href="#__codelineno-10-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-20" name="__codelineno-10-20" href="#__codelineno-10-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-21" name="__codelineno-10-21" href="#__codelineno-10-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Извлечение из очереди</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-22" name="__codelineno-10-22" href="#__codelineno-10-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">front</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-23" name="__codelineno-10-23" href="#__codelineno-10-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сохранить значение узла</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-24" name="__codelineno-10-24" href="#__codelineno-10-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">index</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-25" name="__codelineno-10-25" href="#__codelineno-10-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-26" name="__codelineno-10-26" href="#__codelineno-10-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить левый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-27" name="__codelineno-10-27" href="#__codelineno-10-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-28" name="__codelineno-10-28" href="#__codelineno-10-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-29" name="__codelineno-10-29" href="#__codelineno-10-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-30" name="__codelineno-10-30" href="#__codelineno-10-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить правый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-31" name="__codelineno-10-31" href="#__codelineno-10-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">rear</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-32" name="__codelineno-10-32" href="#__codelineno-10-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-33" name="__codelineno-10-33" href="#__codelineno-10-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-34" name="__codelineno-10-34" href="#__codelineno-10-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Обновить значение длины массива</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-35" name="__codelineno-10-35" href="#__codelineno-10-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">index</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-36" name="__codelineno-10-36" href="#__codelineno-10-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">realloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-37" name="__codelineno-10-37" href="#__codelineno-10-37"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-10-38" name="__codelineno-10-38" href="#__codelineno-10-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Освободить память вспомогательного массива</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-39" name="__codelineno-10-39" href="#__codelineno-10-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-40" name="__codelineno-10-40" href="#__codelineno-10-40"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-41" name="__codelineno-10-41" href="#__codelineno-10-41"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Обход в ширину */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">levelOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode?)</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">MutableList</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать очередь и добавить корневой узел</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinkedList</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode?&gt;</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Инициализировать список для хранения последовательности обхода</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mutableListOf</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">isNotEmpty</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">poll</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Извлечение из очереди</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">?.</span><span class="na">_val</span><span class="o">!!</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Сохранить значение узла</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить левый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">offer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Поместить правый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_bfs.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="cm">File: binary_tree_bfs.rb</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-04-18</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a><span class="n">require_relative</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;../utils/tree_node&#39;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a><span class="n">require_relative</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;../utils/print_util&#39;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a><span class="c1"># ## Обход в ширину ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">level_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализировать очередь и добавить корневой узел</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Инициализировать список для хранения последовательности обхода</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">empty?</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shift</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Извлечение из очереди</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Сохранить значение узла</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">unless</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">nil?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Поместить левый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">queue</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">unless</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">nil?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Поместить правый дочерний узел в очередь</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<details class="pythontutor">
<summary>Визуализация кода</summary>
<p><div style="height: 549px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=from%20collections%20import%20deque%0A%0Aclass%20TreeNode%3A%0A%0A%20%20%20%20def%20__init__%28self%2C%20val%3A%20int%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.val%3A%20int%20%3D%20val%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.left%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%20%3D%20None%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.right%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%20%3D%20None%0A%0Adef%20list_to_tree_dfs%28arr%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%2C%20i%3A%20int%29%20-%3E%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20if%20i%20%3C%200%20or%20i%20%3E%3D%20len%28arr%29%20or%20arr%5Bi%5D%20is%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%20None%0A%20%20%20%20root%20%3D%20TreeNode%28arr%5Bi%5D%29%0A%20%20%20%20root.left%20%3D%20list_to_tree_dfs%28arr%2C%202%20%2A%20i%20%2B%201%29%0A%20%20%20%20root.right%20%3D%20list_to_tree_dfs%28arr%2C%202%20%2A%20i%20%2B%202%29%0A%20%20%20%20return%20root%0A%0Adef%20list_to_tree%28arr%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%29%20-%3E%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20return%20list_to_tree_dfs%28arr%2C%200%29%0A%0Adef%20level_order%28root%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%29%20-%3E%20list%5Bint%5D%3A%0A%20%20%20%20queue%3A%20deque%5BTreeNode%5D%20%3D%20deque%28%29%0A%20%20%20%20queue.append%28root%29%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20%5B%5D%0A%20%20%20%20while%20queue%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20node%3A%20TreeNode%20%3D%20queue.popleft%28%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20res.append%28node.val%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20node.left%20is%20not%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20queue.append%28node.left%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20node.right%20is%20not%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20queue.append%28node.right%29%0A%20%20%20%20return%20res%0A%27Driver%20Code%27%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%27__main__%27%3A%0A%20%20%20%20root%20%3D%20list_to_tree%28arr%3D%5B1%2C%202%2C%203%2C%204%2C%205%2C%206%2C%207%5D%29%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20level_order%28root%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%27%5Cn%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%20%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%20%D0%B2%20%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%20%3D%20%27%2C%20res%29&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=127&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=from%20collections%20import%20deque%0A%0Aclass%20TreeNode%3A%0A%0A%20%20%20%20def%20__init__%28self%2C%20val%3A%20int%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.val%3A%20int%20%3D%20val%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.left%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%20%3D%20None%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.right%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%20%3D%20None%0A%0Adef%20list_to_tree_dfs%28arr%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%2C%20i%3A%20int%29%20-%3E%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20if%20i%20%3C%200%20or%20i%20%3E%3D%20len%28arr%29%20or%20arr%5Bi%5D%20is%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%20None%0A%20%20%20%20root%20%3D%20TreeNode%28arr%5Bi%5D%29%0A%20%20%20%20root.left%20%3D%20list_to_tree_dfs%28arr%2C%202%20%2A%20i%20%2B%201%29%0A%20%20%20%20root.right%20%3D%20list_to_tree_dfs%28arr%2C%202%20%2A%20i%20%2B%202%29%0A%20%20%20%20return%20root%0A%0Adef%20list_to_tree%28arr%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%29%20-%3E%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20return%20list_to_tree_dfs%28arr%2C%200%29%0A%0Adef%20level_order%28root%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%29%20-%3E%20list%5Bint%5D%3A%0A%20%20%20%20queue%3A%20deque%5BTreeNode%5D%20%3D%20deque%28%29%0A%20%20%20%20queue.append%28root%29%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20%5B%5D%0A%20%20%20%20while%20queue%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20node%3A%20TreeNode%20%3D%20queue.popleft%28%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20res.append%28node.val%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20node.left%20is%20not%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20queue.append%28node.left%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20node.right%20is%20not%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20queue.append%28node.right%29%0A%20%20%20%20return%20res%0A%27Driver%20Code%27%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%27__main__%27%3A%0A%20%20%20%20root%20%3D%20list_to_tree%28arr%3D%5B1%2C%202%2C%203%2C%204%2C%205%2C%206%2C%207%5D%29%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20level_order%28root%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%27%5Cn%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%20%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%20%D0%B2%20%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%20%3D%20%27%2C%20res%29&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=127&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Во весь экран &gt;</a></div></p>
</details>
<h3 id="2">2. &nbsp; Анализ сложности<a class="headerlink" href="#2" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><strong>Временная сложность равна <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span></strong> : все узлы посещаются по одному разу, поэтому требуется <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> времени, где <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> - число узлов.</li>
<li><strong>Пространственная сложность равна <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span></strong> : в худшем случае, то есть для полной двоичной деревообразной структуры, до достижения самого нижнего уровня в очереди одновременно может находиться до <span class="arithmatex">\((n + 1) / 2\)</span> узлов, что требует <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> памяти.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="722">7.2.2 &nbsp; Прямой, симметричный и обратный обходы<a class="headerlink" href="#722" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>Соответственно, прямой, симметричный и обратный обходы относятся к <u>обходу в глубину (depth-first traversal)</u>, также называемому <u>поиском в глубину (depth-first search, DFS)</u>; он отражает идею "сначала идти до конца, затем откатываться и продолжать".</p>
<p>На рисунке 7-10 показан принцип работы обхода двоичного дерева в глубину. <strong>Обход в глубину похож на то, как будто мы обходим всю двоичную структуру по внешнему контуру</strong> , и у каждого узла встречаем три позиции, соответствующие прямому, симметричному и обратному обходам.</p>
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/binary_tree_dfs.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="Прямой, симметричный и обратный обходы двоичного дерева поиска" class="animation-figure" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/binary_tree_dfs.png" /></a></p>
<p align="center"> Рисунок 7-10 &nbsp; Прямой, симметричный и обратный обходы двоичного дерева поиска </p>
<h3 id="1_1">1. &nbsp; Код реализации<a class="headerlink" href="#1_1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>Поиск в глубину обычно реализуется через рекурсию:</p>
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="2:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_2_1" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_2" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_3" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_4" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_5" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_6" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_7" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_8" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_9" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_10" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_11" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_12" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_2_13" name="__tabbed_2" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_2_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_2_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_2_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_2_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_2_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_2_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_2_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_2_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_2_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_2_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_2_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_2_13">Ruby</label></div>
<div class="tabbed-content">
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Предварительный обход&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a> <span class="c1"># Порядок обхода: корень -&gt; левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-6" name="__codelineno-13-6" href="#__codelineno-13-6"></a> <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-7" name="__codelineno-13-7" href="#__codelineno-13-7"></a> <span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-8" name="__codelineno-13-8" href="#__codelineno-13-8"></a> <span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-9" name="__codelineno-13-9" href="#__codelineno-13-9"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-13-10" name="__codelineno-13-10" href="#__codelineno-13-10"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-11" name="__codelineno-13-11" href="#__codelineno-13-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Симметричный обход&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-12" name="__codelineno-13-12" href="#__codelineno-13-12"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-13" name="__codelineno-13-13" href="#__codelineno-13-13"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-14" name="__codelineno-13-14" href="#__codelineno-13-14"></a> <span class="c1"># Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; корень -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-15" name="__codelineno-13-15" href="#__codelineno-13-15"></a> <span class="n">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-16" name="__codelineno-13-16" href="#__codelineno-13-16"></a> <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-17" name="__codelineno-13-17" href="#__codelineno-13-17"></a> <span class="n">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-18" name="__codelineno-13-18" href="#__codelineno-13-18"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-13-19" name="__codelineno-13-19" href="#__codelineno-13-19"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-20" name="__codelineno-13-20" href="#__codelineno-13-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;Обратный обход&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-21" name="__codelineno-13-21" href="#__codelineno-13-21"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-22" name="__codelineno-13-22" href="#__codelineno-13-22"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-23" name="__codelineno-13-23" href="#__codelineno-13-23"></a> <span class="c1"># Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево -&gt; корень</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-24" name="__codelineno-13-24" href="#__codelineno-13-24"></a> <span class="n">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-25" name="__codelineno-13-25" href="#__codelineno-13-25"></a> <span class="n">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-26" name="__codelineno-13-26" href="#__codelineno-13-26"></a> <span class="n">res</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Предварительный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: корень -&gt; левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-7" name="__codelineno-14-7" href="#__codelineno-14-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-8" name="__codelineno-14-8" href="#__codelineno-14-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-9" name="__codelineno-14-9" href="#__codelineno-14-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-10" name="__codelineno-14-10" href="#__codelineno-14-10"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-14-11" name="__codelineno-14-11" href="#__codelineno-14-11"></a><span class="cm">/* Симметричный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-12" name="__codelineno-14-12" href="#__codelineno-14-12"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-13" name="__codelineno-14-13" href="#__codelineno-14-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-14" name="__codelineno-14-14" href="#__codelineno-14-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-15" name="__codelineno-14-15" href="#__codelineno-14-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; корень -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-16" name="__codelineno-14-16" href="#__codelineno-14-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-17" name="__codelineno-14-17" href="#__codelineno-14-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-18" name="__codelineno-14-18" href="#__codelineno-14-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-19" name="__codelineno-14-19" href="#__codelineno-14-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-20" name="__codelineno-14-20" href="#__codelineno-14-20"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-14-21" name="__codelineno-14-21" href="#__codelineno-14-21"></a><span class="cm">/* Обратный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-22" name="__codelineno-14-22" href="#__codelineno-14-22"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-23" name="__codelineno-14-23" href="#__codelineno-14-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-24" name="__codelineno-14-24" href="#__codelineno-14-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-25" name="__codelineno-14-25" href="#__codelineno-14-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево -&gt; корень</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-26" name="__codelineno-14-26" href="#__codelineno-14-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-27" name="__codelineno-14-27" href="#__codelineno-14-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-28" name="__codelineno-14-28" href="#__codelineno-14-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vec</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-29" name="__codelineno-14-29" href="#__codelineno-14-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Предварительный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: корень -&gt; левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-15-11" name="__codelineno-15-11" href="#__codelineno-15-11"></a><span class="cm">/* Симметричный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-12" name="__codelineno-15-12" href="#__codelineno-15-12"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-13" name="__codelineno-15-13" href="#__codelineno-15-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-14" name="__codelineno-15-14" href="#__codelineno-15-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-15" name="__codelineno-15-15" href="#__codelineno-15-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; корень -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-16" name="__codelineno-15-16" href="#__codelineno-15-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-17" name="__codelineno-15-17" href="#__codelineno-15-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-18" name="__codelineno-15-18" href="#__codelineno-15-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-19" name="__codelineno-15-19" href="#__codelineno-15-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-20" name="__codelineno-15-20" href="#__codelineno-15-20"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-15-21" name="__codelineno-15-21" href="#__codelineno-15-21"></a><span class="cm">/* Обратный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-22" name="__codelineno-15-22" href="#__codelineno-15-22"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-23" name="__codelineno-15-23" href="#__codelineno-15-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-24" name="__codelineno-15-24" href="#__codelineno-15-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-25" name="__codelineno-15-25" href="#__codelineno-15-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево -&gt; корень</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-26" name="__codelineno-15-26" href="#__codelineno-15-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-27" name="__codelineno-15-27" href="#__codelineno-15-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-28" name="__codelineno-15-28" href="#__codelineno-15-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-29" name="__codelineno-15-29" href="#__codelineno-15-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Предварительный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">PreOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: корень -&gt; левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Value</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PreOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PreOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-8" name="__codelineno-16-8" href="#__codelineno-16-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-9" name="__codelineno-16-9" href="#__codelineno-16-9"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-16-10" name="__codelineno-16-10" href="#__codelineno-16-10"></a><span class="cm">/* Симметричный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-11" name="__codelineno-16-11" href="#__codelineno-16-11"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">InOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-12" name="__codelineno-16-12" href="#__codelineno-16-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-13" name="__codelineno-16-13" href="#__codelineno-16-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; корень -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-14" name="__codelineno-16-14" href="#__codelineno-16-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">InOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-15" name="__codelineno-16-15" href="#__codelineno-16-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Value</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-16" name="__codelineno-16-16" href="#__codelineno-16-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">InOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-17" name="__codelineno-16-17" href="#__codelineno-16-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-18" name="__codelineno-16-18" href="#__codelineno-16-18"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-16-19" name="__codelineno-16-19" href="#__codelineno-16-19"></a><span class="cm">/* Обратный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-20" name="__codelineno-16-20" href="#__codelineno-16-20"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">PostOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-21" name="__codelineno-16-21" href="#__codelineno-16-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-22" name="__codelineno-16-22" href="#__codelineno-16-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево -&gt; корень</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-23" name="__codelineno-16-23" href="#__codelineno-16-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PostOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-24" name="__codelineno-16-24" href="#__codelineno-16-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PostOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-25" name="__codelineno-16-25" href="#__codelineno-16-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Value</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-26" name="__codelineno-16-26" href="#__codelineno-16-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Предварительный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: корень -&gt; левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-10" name="__codelineno-17-10" href="#__codelineno-17-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-11" name="__codelineno-17-11" href="#__codelineno-17-11"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-17-12" name="__codelineno-17-12" href="#__codelineno-17-12"></a><span class="cm">/* Симметричный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-13" name="__codelineno-17-13" href="#__codelineno-17-13"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-14" name="__codelineno-17-14" href="#__codelineno-17-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-15" name="__codelineno-17-15" href="#__codelineno-17-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-16" name="__codelineno-17-16" href="#__codelineno-17-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-17" name="__codelineno-17-17" href="#__codelineno-17-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; корень -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-18" name="__codelineno-17-18" href="#__codelineno-17-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-19" name="__codelineno-17-19" href="#__codelineno-17-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-20" name="__codelineno-17-20" href="#__codelineno-17-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-21" name="__codelineno-17-21" href="#__codelineno-17-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-22" name="__codelineno-17-22" href="#__codelineno-17-22"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-17-23" name="__codelineno-17-23" href="#__codelineno-17-23"></a><span class="cm">/* Обратный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-24" name="__codelineno-17-24" href="#__codelineno-17-24"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-25" name="__codelineno-17-25" href="#__codelineno-17-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-26" name="__codelineno-17-26" href="#__codelineno-17-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-27" name="__codelineno-17-27" href="#__codelineno-17-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-28" name="__codelineno-17-28" href="#__codelineno-17-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево -&gt; корень</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-29" name="__codelineno-17-29" href="#__codelineno-17-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-30" name="__codelineno-17-30" href="#__codelineno-17-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-31" name="__codelineno-17-31" href="#__codelineno-17-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Val</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-32" name="__codelineno-17-32" href="#__codelineno-17-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Предварительный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">guard</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: корень -&gt; левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-8" name="__codelineno-18-8" href="#__codelineno-18-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-9" name="__codelineno-18-9" href="#__codelineno-18-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-10" name="__codelineno-18-10" href="#__codelineno-18-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-11" name="__codelineno-18-11" href="#__codelineno-18-11"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-18-12" name="__codelineno-18-12" href="#__codelineno-18-12"></a><span class="cm">/* Симметричный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-13" name="__codelineno-18-13" href="#__codelineno-18-13"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-14" name="__codelineno-18-14" href="#__codelineno-18-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">guard</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-15" name="__codelineno-18-15" href="#__codelineno-18-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-16" name="__codelineno-18-16" href="#__codelineno-18-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-17" name="__codelineno-18-17" href="#__codelineno-18-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; корень -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-18" name="__codelineno-18-18" href="#__codelineno-18-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-19" name="__codelineno-18-19" href="#__codelineno-18-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-20" name="__codelineno-18-20" href="#__codelineno-18-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-21" name="__codelineno-18-21" href="#__codelineno-18-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-22" name="__codelineno-18-22" href="#__codelineno-18-22"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-18-23" name="__codelineno-18-23" href="#__codelineno-18-23"></a><span class="cm">/* Обратный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-24" name="__codelineno-18-24" href="#__codelineno-18-24"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-25" name="__codelineno-18-25" href="#__codelineno-18-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">guard</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">else</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-26" name="__codelineno-18-26" href="#__codelineno-18-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-27" name="__codelineno-18-27" href="#__codelineno-18-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-28" name="__codelineno-18-28" href="#__codelineno-18-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево -&gt; корень</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-29" name="__codelineno-18-29" href="#__codelineno-18-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-30" name="__codelineno-18-30" href="#__codelineno-18-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-31" name="__codelineno-18-31" href="#__codelineno-18-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-32" name="__codelineno-18-32" href="#__codelineno-18-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Предварительный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: корень -&gt; левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-8" name="__codelineno-19-8" href="#__codelineno-19-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-9" name="__codelineno-19-9" href="#__codelineno-19-9"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-19-10" name="__codelineno-19-10" href="#__codelineno-19-10"></a><span class="cm">/* Симметричный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-11" name="__codelineno-19-11" href="#__codelineno-19-11"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-12" name="__codelineno-19-12" href="#__codelineno-19-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-13" name="__codelineno-19-13" href="#__codelineno-19-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; корень -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-14" name="__codelineno-19-14" href="#__codelineno-19-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-15" name="__codelineno-19-15" href="#__codelineno-19-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-16" name="__codelineno-19-16" href="#__codelineno-19-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-17" name="__codelineno-19-17" href="#__codelineno-19-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-18" name="__codelineno-19-18" href="#__codelineno-19-18"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-19-19" name="__codelineno-19-19" href="#__codelineno-19-19"></a><span class="cm">/* Обратный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-20" name="__codelineno-19-20" href="#__codelineno-19-20"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-21" name="__codelineno-19-21" href="#__codelineno-19-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-22" name="__codelineno-19-22" href="#__codelineno-19-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево -&gt; корень</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-23" name="__codelineno-19-23" href="#__codelineno-19-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-24" name="__codelineno-19-24" href="#__codelineno-19-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-25" name="__codelineno-19-25" href="#__codelineno-19-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-26" name="__codelineno-19-26" href="#__codelineno-19-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Предварительный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: корень -&gt; левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-8" name="__codelineno-20-8" href="#__codelineno-20-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-9" name="__codelineno-20-9" href="#__codelineno-20-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-10" name="__codelineno-20-10" href="#__codelineno-20-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-11" name="__codelineno-20-11" href="#__codelineno-20-11"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-20-12" name="__codelineno-20-12" href="#__codelineno-20-12"></a><span class="cm">/* Симметричный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-13" name="__codelineno-20-13" href="#__codelineno-20-13"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-14" name="__codelineno-20-14" href="#__codelineno-20-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-15" name="__codelineno-20-15" href="#__codelineno-20-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-16" name="__codelineno-20-16" href="#__codelineno-20-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-17" name="__codelineno-20-17" href="#__codelineno-20-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; корень -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-18" name="__codelineno-20-18" href="#__codelineno-20-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-19" name="__codelineno-20-19" href="#__codelineno-20-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-20" name="__codelineno-20-20" href="#__codelineno-20-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-21" name="__codelineno-20-21" href="#__codelineno-20-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-22" name="__codelineno-20-22" href="#__codelineno-20-22"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-20-23" name="__codelineno-20-23" href="#__codelineno-20-23"></a><span class="cm">/* Обратный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-24" name="__codelineno-20-24" href="#__codelineno-20-24"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-25" name="__codelineno-20-25" href="#__codelineno-20-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-26" name="__codelineno-20-26" href="#__codelineno-20-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-27" name="__codelineno-20-27" href="#__codelineno-20-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-28" name="__codelineno-20-28" href="#__codelineno-20-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево -&gt; корень</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-29" name="__codelineno-20-29" href="#__codelineno-20-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-30" name="__codelineno-20-30" href="#__codelineno-20-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-31" name="__codelineno-20-31" href="#__codelineno-20-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-32" name="__codelineno-20-32" href="#__codelineno-20-32"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Предварительный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: корень -&gt; левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-8" name="__codelineno-21-8" href="#__codelineno-21-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-9" name="__codelineno-21-9" href="#__codelineno-21-9"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-21-10" name="__codelineno-21-10" href="#__codelineno-21-10"></a><span class="cm">/* Симметричный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-11" name="__codelineno-21-11" href="#__codelineno-21-11"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-12" name="__codelineno-21-12" href="#__codelineno-21-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-13" name="__codelineno-21-13" href="#__codelineno-21-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; корень -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-14" name="__codelineno-21-14" href="#__codelineno-21-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-15" name="__codelineno-21-15" href="#__codelineno-21-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-16" name="__codelineno-21-16" href="#__codelineno-21-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-17" name="__codelineno-21-17" href="#__codelineno-21-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-18" name="__codelineno-21-18" href="#__codelineno-21-18"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-21-19" name="__codelineno-21-19" href="#__codelineno-21-19"></a><span class="cm">/* Обратный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-20" name="__codelineno-21-20" href="#__codelineno-21-20"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-21" name="__codelineno-21-21" href="#__codelineno-21-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-22" name="__codelineno-21-22" href="#__codelineno-21-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево -&gt; корень</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-23" name="__codelineno-21-23" href="#__codelineno-21-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-24" name="__codelineno-21-24" href="#__codelineno-21-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-25" name="__codelineno-21-25" href="#__codelineno-21-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-26" name="__codelineno-21-26" href="#__codelineno-21-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Предварительный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: корень -&gt; левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-8" name="__codelineno-22-8" href="#__codelineno-22-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-9" name="__codelineno-22-9" href="#__codelineno-22-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-10" name="__codelineno-22-10" href="#__codelineno-22-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-11" name="__codelineno-22-11" href="#__codelineno-22-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-12" name="__codelineno-22-12" href="#__codelineno-22-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-13" name="__codelineno-22-13" href="#__codelineno-22-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-14" name="__codelineno-22-14" href="#__codelineno-22-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-15" name="__codelineno-22-15" href="#__codelineno-22-15"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-22-16" name="__codelineno-22-16" href="#__codelineno-22-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-17" name="__codelineno-22-17" href="#__codelineno-22-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-18" name="__codelineno-22-18" href="#__codelineno-22-18"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-22-19" name="__codelineno-22-19" href="#__codelineno-22-19"></a><span class="cm">/* Симметричный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-20" name="__codelineno-22-20" href="#__codelineno-22-20"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-21" name="__codelineno-22-21" href="#__codelineno-22-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-22" name="__codelineno-22-22" href="#__codelineno-22-22"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-22-23" name="__codelineno-22-23" href="#__codelineno-22-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-24" name="__codelineno-22-24" href="#__codelineno-22-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-25" name="__codelineno-22-25" href="#__codelineno-22-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; корень -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-26" name="__codelineno-22-26" href="#__codelineno-22-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-27" name="__codelineno-22-27" href="#__codelineno-22-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-28" name="__codelineno-22-28" href="#__codelineno-22-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-29" name="__codelineno-22-29" href="#__codelineno-22-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-30" name="__codelineno-22-30" href="#__codelineno-22-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-31" name="__codelineno-22-31" href="#__codelineno-22-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-32" name="__codelineno-22-32" href="#__codelineno-22-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-33" name="__codelineno-22-33" href="#__codelineno-22-33"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-22-34" name="__codelineno-22-34" href="#__codelineno-22-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-35" name="__codelineno-22-35" href="#__codelineno-22-35"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-36" name="__codelineno-22-36" href="#__codelineno-22-36"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-22-37" name="__codelineno-22-37" href="#__codelineno-22-37"></a><span class="cm">/* Обратный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-38" name="__codelineno-22-38" href="#__codelineno-22-38"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-39" name="__codelineno-22-39" href="#__codelineno-22-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-40" name="__codelineno-22-40" href="#__codelineno-22-40"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-22-41" name="__codelineno-22-41" href="#__codelineno-22-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;&amp;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">&amp;</span><span class="nc">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-42" name="__codelineno-22-42" href="#__codelineno-22-42"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-43" name="__codelineno-22-43" href="#__codelineno-22-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево -&gt; корень</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-44" name="__codelineno-22-44" href="#__codelineno-22-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-45" name="__codelineno-22-45" href="#__codelineno-22-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-46" name="__codelineno-22-46" href="#__codelineno-22-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">as_ref</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-47" name="__codelineno-22-47" href="#__codelineno-22-47"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-48" name="__codelineno-22-48" href="#__codelineno-22-48"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-49" name="__codelineno-22-49" href="#__codelineno-22-49"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-50" name="__codelineno-22-50" href="#__codelineno-22-50"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-22-51" name="__codelineno-22-51" href="#__codelineno-22-51"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">dfs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-52" name="__codelineno-22-52" href="#__codelineno-22-52"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-22-53" name="__codelineno-22-53" href="#__codelineno-22-53"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">result</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-54" name="__codelineno-22-54" href="#__codelineno-22-54"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Предварительный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: корень -&gt; левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-7" name="__codelineno-23-7" href="#__codelineno-23-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-8" name="__codelineno-23-8" href="#__codelineno-23-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-9" name="__codelineno-23-9" href="#__codelineno-23-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-10" name="__codelineno-23-10" href="#__codelineno-23-10"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-23-11" name="__codelineno-23-11" href="#__codelineno-23-11"></a><span class="cm">/* Симметричный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-12" name="__codelineno-23-12" href="#__codelineno-23-12"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-13" name="__codelineno-23-13" href="#__codelineno-23-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-14" name="__codelineno-23-14" href="#__codelineno-23-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-15" name="__codelineno-23-15" href="#__codelineno-23-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; корень -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-16" name="__codelineno-23-16" href="#__codelineno-23-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-17" name="__codelineno-23-17" href="#__codelineno-23-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-18" name="__codelineno-23-18" href="#__codelineno-23-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-19" name="__codelineno-23-19" href="#__codelineno-23-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-20" name="__codelineno-23-20" href="#__codelineno-23-20"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-23-21" name="__codelineno-23-21" href="#__codelineno-23-21"></a><span class="cm">/* Обратный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-22" name="__codelineno-23-22" href="#__codelineno-23-22"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-23" name="__codelineno-23-23" href="#__codelineno-23-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-24" name="__codelineno-23-24" href="#__codelineno-23-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-25" name="__codelineno-23-25" href="#__codelineno-23-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево -&gt; корень</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-26" name="__codelineno-23-26" href="#__codelineno-23-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-27" name="__codelineno-23-27" href="#__codelineno-23-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-28" name="__codelineno-23-28" href="#__codelineno-23-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arr</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-29" name="__codelineno-23-29" href="#__codelineno-23-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="cm">/* Предварительный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode?)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: корень -&gt; левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">_val</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-8" name="__codelineno-24-8" href="#__codelineno-24-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-9" name="__codelineno-24-9" href="#__codelineno-24-9"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-24-10" name="__codelineno-24-10" href="#__codelineno-24-10"></a><span class="cm">/* Симметричный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-11" name="__codelineno-24-11" href="#__codelineno-24-11"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode?)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-12" name="__codelineno-24-12" href="#__codelineno-24-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-13" name="__codelineno-24-13" href="#__codelineno-24-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; корень -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-14" name="__codelineno-24-14" href="#__codelineno-24-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-15" name="__codelineno-24-15" href="#__codelineno-24-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">_val</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-16" name="__codelineno-24-16" href="#__codelineno-24-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-17" name="__codelineno-24-17" href="#__codelineno-24-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-18" name="__codelineno-24-18" href="#__codelineno-24-18"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-24-19" name="__codelineno-24-19" href="#__codelineno-24-19"></a><span class="cm">/* Обратный обход */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-20" name="__codelineno-24-20" href="#__codelineno-24-20"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode?)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-21" name="__codelineno-24-21" href="#__codelineno-24-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-22" name="__codelineno-24-22" href="#__codelineno-24-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево -&gt; корень</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-23" name="__codelineno-24-23" href="#__codelineno-24-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-24" name="__codelineno-24-24" href="#__codelineno-24-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">postOrder</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-25" name="__codelineno-24-25" href="#__codelineno-24-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">_val</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-26" name="__codelineno-24-26" href="#__codelineno-24-26"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">binary_tree_dfs.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="cm">File: binary_tree_dfs.rb</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-04-18</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-6" name="__codelineno-25-6" href="#__codelineno-25-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-7" name="__codelineno-25-7" href="#__codelineno-25-7"></a><span class="n">require_relative</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;../utils/tree_node&#39;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-8" name="__codelineno-25-8" href="#__codelineno-25-8"></a><span class="n">require_relative</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;../utils/print_util&#39;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-9" name="__codelineno-25-9" href="#__codelineno-25-9"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-10" name="__codelineno-25-10" href="#__codelineno-25-10"></a><span class="c1"># ## Предварительный обход ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-11" name="__codelineno-25-11" href="#__codelineno-25-11"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-12" name="__codelineno-25-12" href="#__codelineno-25-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">nil?</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-13" name="__codelineno-25-13" href="#__codelineno-25-13"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-14" name="__codelineno-25-14" href="#__codelineno-25-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Порядок обхода: корень -&gt; левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-15" name="__codelineno-25-15" href="#__codelineno-25-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vg">$res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-16" name="__codelineno-25-16" href="#__codelineno-25-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-17" name="__codelineno-25-17" href="#__codelineno-25-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-18" name="__codelineno-25-18" href="#__codelineno-25-18"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-19" name="__codelineno-25-19" href="#__codelineno-25-19"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-20" name="__codelineno-25-20" href="#__codelineno-25-20"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-21" name="__codelineno-25-21" href="#__codelineno-25-21"></a><span class="cm">File: binary_tree_dfs.rb</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-22" name="__codelineno-25-22" href="#__codelineno-25-22"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-04-18</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-23" name="__codelineno-25-23" href="#__codelineno-25-23"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-24" name="__codelineno-25-24" href="#__codelineno-25-24"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-25" name="__codelineno-25-25" href="#__codelineno-25-25"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-26" name="__codelineno-25-26" href="#__codelineno-25-26"></a><span class="n">require_relative</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;../utils/tree_node&#39;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-27" name="__codelineno-25-27" href="#__codelineno-25-27"></a><span class="n">require_relative</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;../utils/print_util&#39;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-28" name="__codelineno-25-28" href="#__codelineno-25-28"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-29" name="__codelineno-25-29" href="#__codelineno-25-29"></a><span class="c1"># ## Предварительный обход ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-30" name="__codelineno-25-30" href="#__codelineno-25-30"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-31" name="__codelineno-25-31" href="#__codelineno-25-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">nil?</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-32" name="__codelineno-25-32" href="#__codelineno-25-32"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-33" name="__codelineno-25-33" href="#__codelineno-25-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Порядок обхода: корень -&gt; левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-34" name="__codelineno-25-34" href="#__codelineno-25-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vg">$res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-35" name="__codelineno-25-35" href="#__codelineno-25-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-36" name="__codelineno-25-36" href="#__codelineno-25-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-37" name="__codelineno-25-37" href="#__codelineno-25-37"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-38" name="__codelineno-25-38" href="#__codelineno-25-38"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-39" name="__codelineno-25-39" href="#__codelineno-25-39"></a><span class="c1"># ## Симметричный обход ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-40" name="__codelineno-25-40" href="#__codelineno-25-40"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-41" name="__codelineno-25-41" href="#__codelineno-25-41"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">nil?</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-42" name="__codelineno-25-42" href="#__codelineno-25-42"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-43" name="__codelineno-25-43" href="#__codelineno-25-43"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; корень -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-44" name="__codelineno-25-44" href="#__codelineno-25-44"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-45" name="__codelineno-25-45" href="#__codelineno-25-45"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vg">$res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-46" name="__codelineno-25-46" href="#__codelineno-25-46"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-47" name="__codelineno-25-47" href="#__codelineno-25-47"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-48" name="__codelineno-25-48" href="#__codelineno-25-48"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-49" name="__codelineno-25-49" href="#__codelineno-25-49"></a><span class="cm">=begin</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-50" name="__codelineno-25-50" href="#__codelineno-25-50"></a><span class="cm">File: binary_tree_dfs.rb</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-51" name="__codelineno-25-51" href="#__codelineno-25-51"></a><span class="cm">Created Time: 2024-04-18</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-52" name="__codelineno-25-52" href="#__codelineno-25-52"></a><span class="cm">Author: Xuan Khoa Tu Nguyen (ngxktuzkai2000@gmail.com)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-53" name="__codelineno-25-53" href="#__codelineno-25-53"></a><span class="cm">=end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-54" name="__codelineno-25-54" href="#__codelineno-25-54"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-55" name="__codelineno-25-55" href="#__codelineno-25-55"></a><span class="n">require_relative</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;../utils/tree_node&#39;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-56" name="__codelineno-25-56" href="#__codelineno-25-56"></a><span class="n">require_relative</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">&#39;../utils/print_util&#39;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-57" name="__codelineno-25-57" href="#__codelineno-25-57"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-58" name="__codelineno-25-58" href="#__codelineno-25-58"></a><span class="c1"># ## Предварительный обход ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-59" name="__codelineno-25-59" href="#__codelineno-25-59"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-60" name="__codelineno-25-60" href="#__codelineno-25-60"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">nil?</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-61" name="__codelineno-25-61" href="#__codelineno-25-61"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-62" name="__codelineno-25-62" href="#__codelineno-25-62"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Порядок обхода: корень -&gt; левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-63" name="__codelineno-25-63" href="#__codelineno-25-63"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vg">$res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-64" name="__codelineno-25-64" href="#__codelineno-25-64"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-65" name="__codelineno-25-65" href="#__codelineno-25-65"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">pre_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-66" name="__codelineno-25-66" href="#__codelineno-25-66"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-67" name="__codelineno-25-67" href="#__codelineno-25-67"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-68" name="__codelineno-25-68" href="#__codelineno-25-68"></a><span class="c1"># ## Симметричный обход ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-69" name="__codelineno-25-69" href="#__codelineno-25-69"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-70" name="__codelineno-25-70" href="#__codelineno-25-70"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">nil?</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-71" name="__codelineno-25-71" href="#__codelineno-25-71"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-72" name="__codelineno-25-72" href="#__codelineno-25-72"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; корень -&gt; правое поддерево</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-73" name="__codelineno-25-73" href="#__codelineno-25-73"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-74" name="__codelineno-25-74" href="#__codelineno-25-74"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vg">$res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-75" name="__codelineno-25-75" href="#__codelineno-25-75"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">in_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-76" name="__codelineno-25-76" href="#__codelineno-25-76"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-77" name="__codelineno-25-77" href="#__codelineno-25-77"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-78" name="__codelineno-25-78" href="#__codelineno-25-78"></a><span class="c1"># ## Обратный обход ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-79" name="__codelineno-25-79" href="#__codelineno-25-79"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-80" name="__codelineno-25-80" href="#__codelineno-25-80"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">nil?</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-81" name="__codelineno-25-81" href="#__codelineno-25-81"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-25-82" name="__codelineno-25-82" href="#__codelineno-25-82"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># Порядок обхода: левое поддерево -&gt; правое поддерево -&gt; корень</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-83" name="__codelineno-25-83" href="#__codelineno-25-83"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-84" name="__codelineno-25-84" href="#__codelineno-25-84"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">post_order</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-85" name="__codelineno-25-85" href="#__codelineno-25-85"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vg">$res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-86" name="__codelineno-25-86" href="#__codelineno-25-86"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<details class="pythontutor">
<summary>Визуализация кода</summary>
<p><div style="height: 549px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=class%20TreeNode%3A%0A%0A%20%20%20%20def%20__init__%28self%2C%20val%3A%20int%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.val%3A%20int%20%3D%20val%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.left%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%20%3D%20None%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.right%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%20%3D%20None%0A%0Adef%20list_to_tree_dfs%28arr%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%2C%20i%3A%20int%29%20-%3E%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20if%20i%20%3C%200%20or%20i%20%3E%3D%20len%28arr%29%20or%20arr%5Bi%5D%20is%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%20None%0A%20%20%20%20root%20%3D%20TreeNode%28arr%5Bi%5D%29%0A%20%20%20%20root.left%20%3D%20list_to_tree_dfs%28arr%2C%202%20%2A%20i%20%2B%201%29%0A%20%20%20%20root.right%20%3D%20list_to_tree_dfs%28arr%2C%202%20%2A%20i%20%2B%202%29%0A%20%20%20%20return%20root%0A%0Adef%20list_to_tree%28arr%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%29%20-%3E%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20return%20list_to_tree_dfs%28arr%2C%200%29%0A%0Adef%20pre_order%28root%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20if%20root%20is%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%0A%20%20%20%20res.append%28root.val%29%0A%20%20%20%20pre_order%28root%3Droot.left%29%0A%20%20%20%20pre_order%28root%3Droot.right%29%0A%0Adef%20in_order%28root%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20if%20root%20is%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%0A%20%20%20%20in_order%28root%3Droot.left%29%0A%20%20%20%20res.append%28root.val%29%0A%20%20%20%20in_order%28root%3Droot.right%29%0A%0Adef%20post_order%28root%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20if%20root%20is%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%0A%20%20%20%20post_order%28root%3Droot.left%29%0A%20%20%20%20post_order%28root%3Droot.right%29%0A%20%20%20%20res.append%28root.val%29%0A%27Driver%20Code%27%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%27__main__%27%3A%0A%20%20%20%20root%20%3D%20list_to_tree%28arr%3D%5B1%2C%202%2C%203%2C%204%2C%205%2C%206%2C%207%5D%29%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20%5B%5D%0A%20%20%20%20pre_order%28root%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%27%5Cn%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%20%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%20%3D%20%27%2C%20res%29%0A%20%20%20%20res.clear%28%29%0A%20%20%20%20in_order%28root%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%27%5Cn%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%20%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%20%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%20%3D%20%27%2C%20res%29%0A%20%20%20%20res.clear%28%29%0A%20%20%20%20post_order%28root%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%27%5Cn%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%20%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%20%3D%20%27%2C%20res%29&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=129&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=class%20TreeNode%3A%0A%0A%20%20%20%20def%20__init__%28self%2C%20val%3A%20int%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.val%3A%20int%20%3D%20val%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.left%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%20%3D%20None%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.right%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%20%3D%20None%0A%0Adef%20list_to_tree_dfs%28arr%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%2C%20i%3A%20int%29%20-%3E%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20if%20i%20%3C%200%20or%20i%20%3E%3D%20len%28arr%29%20or%20arr%5Bi%5D%20is%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%20None%0A%20%20%20%20root%20%3D%20TreeNode%28arr%5Bi%5D%29%0A%20%20%20%20root.left%20%3D%20list_to_tree_dfs%28arr%2C%202%20%2A%20i%20%2B%201%29%0A%20%20%20%20root.right%20%3D%20list_to_tree_dfs%28arr%2C%202%20%2A%20i%20%2B%202%29%0A%20%20%20%20return%20root%0A%0Adef%20list_to_tree%28arr%3A%20list%5Bint%5D%29%20-%3E%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20return%20list_to_tree_dfs%28arr%2C%200%29%0A%0Adef%20pre_order%28root%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20if%20root%20is%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%0A%20%20%20%20res.append%28root.val%29%0A%20%20%20%20pre_order%28root%3Droot.left%29%0A%20%20%20%20pre_order%28root%3Droot.right%29%0A%0Adef%20in_order%28root%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20if%20root%20is%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%0A%20%20%20%20in_order%28root%3Droot.left%29%0A%20%20%20%20res.append%28root.val%29%0A%20%20%20%20in_order%28root%3Droot.right%29%0A%0Adef%20post_order%28root%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20if%20root%20is%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%0A%20%20%20%20post_order%28root%3Droot.left%29%0A%20%20%20%20post_order%28root%3Droot.right%29%0A%20%20%20%20res.append%28root.val%29%0A%27Driver%20Code%27%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%27__main__%27%3A%0A%20%20%20%20root%20%3D%20list_to_tree%28arr%3D%5B1%2C%202%2C%203%2C%204%2C%205%2C%206%2C%207%5D%29%0A%20%20%20%20res%20%3D%20%5B%5D%0A%20%20%20%20pre_order%28root%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%27%5Cn%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%20%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%20%3D%20%27%2C%20res%29%0A%20%20%20%20res.clear%28%29%0A%20%20%20%20in_order%28root%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%27%5Cn%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%20%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%20%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%20%3D%20%27%2C%20res%29%0A%20%20%20%20res.clear%28%29%0A%20%20%20%20post_order%28root%29%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%27%5Cn%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%20%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%20%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%20%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%20%3D%20%27%2C%20res%29&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=129&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Во весь экран &gt;</a></div></p>
</details>
<div class="admonition tip">
<p class="admonition-title">Tip</p>
<p>Поиск в глубину можно реализовать и итеративно; заинтересованные читатели могут изучить это самостоятельно.</p>
</div>
<p>На рисунках ниже показан рекурсивный процесс прямого обхода двоичного дерева. Его можно разделить на две противоположные части: "вход в рекурсию" и "возврат".</p>
<ol>
<li>"Вход в рекурсию" означает запуск нового вызова функции; в этом процессе программа переходит к следующему узлу.</li>
<li>"Возврат" означает завершение вызова функции и возврат назад, то есть текущий узел уже полностью обработан.</li>
</ol>
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:11"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">&lt;1&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">&lt;2&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">&lt;3&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">&lt;4&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">&lt;5&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">&lt;6&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">&lt;7&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">&lt;8&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">&lt;9&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">&lt;10&gt;</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">&lt;11&gt;</label></div>
<div class="tabbed-content">
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step1.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="Рекурсивный процесс прямого обхода" class="animation-figure" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step1.png" /></a></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step2.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="preorder_step2" class="animation-figure" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step2.png" /></a></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step3.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="preorder_step3" class="animation-figure" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step3.png" /></a></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step4.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="preorder_step4" class="animation-figure" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step4.png" /></a></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step5.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="preorder_step5" class="animation-figure" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step5.png" /></a></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step6.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="preorder_step6" class="animation-figure" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step6.png" /></a></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step7.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="preorder_step7" class="animation-figure" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step7.png" /></a></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step8.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="preorder_step8" class="animation-figure" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step8.png" /></a></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step9.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="preorder_step9" class="animation-figure" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step9.png" /></a></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step10.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="preorder_step10" class="animation-figure" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step10.png" /></a></p>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<p><a class="glightbox" href="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step11.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="preorder_step11" class="animation-figure" src="../binary_tree_traversal.assets/preorder_step11.png" /></a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p align="center"> Рисунок 7-11 &nbsp; Рекурсивный процесс прямого обхода </p>
<h3 id="2_1">2. &nbsp; Анализ сложности<a class="headerlink" href="#2_1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<ul>
<li><strong>Временная сложность равна <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span></strong> : все узлы посещаются по одному разу, поэтому требуется <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> времени.</li>
<li><strong>Пространственная сложность равна <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span></strong> : в худшем случае, когда дерево вырождается в связный список, глубина рекурсии достигает <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> , и система тратит <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> памяти на стек вызовов.</li>
</ul>
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