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第 8 章 &nbsp; ヒープ
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第 9 章 &nbsp; グラフ
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第 9 章 &nbsp; グラフ
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第 10 章 &nbsp; 探索
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10.2 &nbsp; 二分探索の挿入位置
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10.3 &nbsp; 二分探索の境界
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10.4 &nbsp; ハッシュによる最適化戦略
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第 11 章 &nbsp; ソート
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第 12 章 &nbsp; 分割統治
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12.1 &nbsp; 分割統治法
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12.4 &nbsp; ハノイの塔の問題
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第 13 章 &nbsp; バックトラッキング
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13.1 &nbsp; バックトラッキングアルゴリズム
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13.2 &nbsp; 全順列問題
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13.3 &nbsp; 部分和問題
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第 14 章 &nbsp; 動的計画法
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14.1 &nbsp; 動的計画法入門
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14.2 &nbsp; 動的計画法の問題特性
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14.6 &nbsp; 編集距離問題
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<h1 id="24">2.4 &nbsp; 空間計算量<a class="headerlink" href="#24" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<p><u>空間計算量(space complexity</u>は、アルゴリズムが占有するメモリ空間がデータ量の増加に伴ってどのように増えるかを測る指標です。この概念は時間計算量と非常によく似ており、「実行時間」を「占有メモリ空間」に置き換えるだけです。</p>
<h2 id="241">2.4.1 &nbsp; アルゴリズムに関連する空間<a class="headerlink" href="#241" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>アルゴリズムが実行中に使用するメモリ空間には、主に次の種類があります。</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>入力空間</strong>:アルゴリズムの入力データを格納するための空間。</li>
<li><strong>一時空間</strong>:アルゴリズムの実行中に使用する変数、オブジェクト、関数コンテキストなどのデータを格納するための空間。</li>
<li><strong>出力空間</strong>:アルゴリズムの出力データを格納するための空間。</li>
</ul>
<p>一般に、空間計算量の集計範囲は「一時空間」と「出力空間」を合わせたものです。</p>
<p>一時空間はさらに三つに分けられます。</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>一時データ</strong>:アルゴリズム実行中の各種定数、変数、オブジェクトなどを保存するための空間。</li>
<li><strong>スタックフレーム空間</strong>:呼び出された関数のコンテキストデータを保存するための空間。システムは関数を呼び出すたびにスタックの先頭にスタックフレームを作成し、関数が戻るとその空間を解放します。</li>
<li><strong>命令空間</strong>:コンパイル後のプログラム命令を保存するための空間で、実際の集計では通常無視されます。</li>
</ul>
<p>プログラムの空間計算量を分析する際には、<strong>通常、一時データ、スタックフレーム空間、出力データの三つを数えます</strong>。以下の図に示すとおりです。</p>
<p><img alt="アルゴリズムで使用される関連空間" class="animation-figure" src="../space_complexity.assets/space_types.png" /></p>
<p align="center"> 図 2-15 &nbsp; アルゴリズムで使用される関連空間 </p>
<p>関連するコードを以下に示します。</p>
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_3" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_4" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_5" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_6" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_7" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_8" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_9" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_10" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_11" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_12" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_1_13" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_1_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_1_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_1_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_1_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_1_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_1_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_1_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_1_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_1_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_1_13">Ruby</label></div>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Node</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;クラス&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="c1"># ノードの値</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Node</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span> <span class="c1"># 次のノードへの参照</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;関数&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a> <span class="c1"># いくつかの処理を実行...</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-10" name="__codelineno-0-10" href="#__codelineno-0-10"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-11" name="__codelineno-0-11" href="#__codelineno-0-11"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-0-12" name="__codelineno-0-12" href="#__codelineno-0-12"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="c1"># 入力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-13" name="__codelineno-0-13" href="#__codelineno-0-13"></a> <span class="n">A</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1"># 一時データ(定数。一般に大文字で表す)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-14" name="__codelineno-0-14" href="#__codelineno-0-14"></a> <span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1"># 一時データ(変数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-15" name="__codelineno-0-15" href="#__codelineno-0-15"></a> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># 一時データ(オブジェクト)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-16" name="__codelineno-0-16" href="#__codelineno-0-16"></a> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">function</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="c1"># スタックフレーム空間(関数呼び出し)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-0-17" name="__codelineno-0-17" href="#__codelineno-0-17"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">A</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="c1"># 出力データ</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 構造体 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="p">};</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">func</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行...</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 入力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(定数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(変数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(オブジェクト)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// スタックフレーム空間(関数呼び出し)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 出力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="cm">/* クラス */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行...</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 入力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(定数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(変数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(オブジェクト)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// スタックフレーム空間(関数呼び出し)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 出力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="cm">/* クラス */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Node</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行...</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 入力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(定数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(変数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(オブジェクト)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Function</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// スタックフレーム空間(関数呼び出し)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 出力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 構造体 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="kd">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">node</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="cm">/* node 構造体を作成 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行...</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 入力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-19" name="__codelineno-4-19" href="#__codelineno-4-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(定数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-20" name="__codelineno-4-20" href="#__codelineno-4-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(変数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-21" name="__codelineno-4-21" href="#__codelineno-4-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(オブジェクト)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-22" name="__codelineno-4-22" href="#__codelineno-4-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// スタックフレーム空間(関数呼び出し)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-23" name="__codelineno-4-23" href="#__codelineno-4-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 出力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-24" name="__codelineno-4-24" href="#__codelineno-4-24"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="cm">/* クラス */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">val</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">next</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">?</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行...</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 入力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(定数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(変数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-20" name="__codelineno-5-20" href="#__codelineno-5-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(オブジェクト)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-21" name="__codelineno-5-21" href="#__codelineno-5-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// スタックフレーム空間(関数呼び出し)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-22" name="__codelineno-5-22" href="#__codelineno-5-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 出力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-23" name="__codelineno-5-23" href="#__codelineno-5-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="cm">/* クラス */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-5" name="__codelineno-6-5" href="#__codelineno-6-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-6" name="__codelineno-6-6" href="#__codelineno-6-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ノードの値</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-7" name="__codelineno-6-7" href="#__codelineno-6-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 次のノードへの参照</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-8" name="__codelineno-6-8" href="#__codelineno-6-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-9" name="__codelineno-6-9" href="#__codelineno-6-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-10" name="__codelineno-6-10" href="#__codelineno-6-10"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-6-11" name="__codelineno-6-11" href="#__codelineno-6-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-12" name="__codelineno-6-12" href="#__codelineno-6-12"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-13" name="__codelineno-6-13" href="#__codelineno-6-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-14" name="__codelineno-6-14" href="#__codelineno-6-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-15" name="__codelineno-6-15" href="#__codelineno-6-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-16" name="__codelineno-6-16" href="#__codelineno-6-16"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-6-17" name="__codelineno-6-17" href="#__codelineno-6-17"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 入力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-18" name="__codelineno-6-18" href="#__codelineno-6-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(定数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-19" name="__codelineno-6-19" href="#__codelineno-6-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(変数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-20" name="__codelineno-6-20" href="#__codelineno-6-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Node</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(オブジェクト)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-21" name="__codelineno-6-21" href="#__codelineno-6-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// スタックフレーム空間(関数呼び出し)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-22" name="__codelineno-6-22" href="#__codelineno-6-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 出力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-23" name="__codelineno-6-23" href="#__codelineno-6-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="cm">/* クラス */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">constructor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">val?</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">undefined</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">val</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ノードの値</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 次のノードへの参照</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 入力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(定数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(変数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-20" name="__codelineno-7-20" href="#__codelineno-7-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">Node</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(オブジェクト)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-21" name="__codelineno-7-21" href="#__codelineno-7-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// スタックフレーム空間(関数呼び出し)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-22" name="__codelineno-7-22" href="#__codelineno-7-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 出力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-23" name="__codelineno-7-23" href="#__codelineno-7-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="cm">/* クラス */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="k">this</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">]);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行...</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 入力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(定数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(変数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(オブジェクト)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// スタックフレーム空間(関数呼び出し)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 出力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="k">use</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">rc</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="k">use</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">cell</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-3" name="__codelineno-9-3" href="#__codelineno-9-3"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-9-4" name="__codelineno-9-4" href="#__codelineno-9-4"></a><span class="cm">/* 構造体 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-5" name="__codelineno-9-5" href="#__codelineno-9-5"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-6" name="__codelineno-9-6" href="#__codelineno-9-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">,</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-7" name="__codelineno-9-7" href="#__codelineno-9-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-8" name="__codelineno-9-8" href="#__codelineno-9-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-9" name="__codelineno-9-9" href="#__codelineno-9-9"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-9-10" name="__codelineno-9-10" href="#__codelineno-9-10"></a><span class="cm">/* Node 構造体を作成 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-11" name="__codelineno-9-11" href="#__codelineno-9-11"></a><span class="k">impl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-12" name="__codelineno-9-12" href="#__codelineno-9-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-13" name="__codelineno-9-13" href="#__codelineno-9-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">Self</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">val</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">next</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-14" name="__codelineno-9-14" href="#__codelineno-9-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-15" name="__codelineno-9-15" href="#__codelineno-9-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-16" name="__codelineno-9-16" href="#__codelineno-9-16"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-9-17" name="__codelineno-9-17" href="#__codelineno-9-17"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-18" name="__codelineno-9-18" href="#__codelineno-9-18"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-19" name="__codelineno-9-19" href="#__codelineno-9-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行...</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-20" name="__codelineno-9-20" href="#__codelineno-9-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-21" name="__codelineno-9-21" href="#__codelineno-9-21"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-22" name="__codelineno-9-22" href="#__codelineno-9-22"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-9-23" name="__codelineno-9-23" href="#__codelineno-9-23"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 入力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-24" name="__codelineno-9-24" href="#__codelineno-9-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(定数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-25" name="__codelineno-9-25" href="#__codelineno-9-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(変数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-26" name="__codelineno-9-26" href="#__codelineno-9-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(オブジェクト)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-27" name="__codelineno-9-27" href="#__codelineno-9-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// スタックフレーム空間(関数呼び出し)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-28" name="__codelineno-9-28" href="#__codelineno-9-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 出力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-9-29" name="__codelineno-9-29" href="#__codelineno-9-29"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-2" name="__codelineno-10-2" href="#__codelineno-10-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">func</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-3" name="__codelineno-10-3" href="#__codelineno-10-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行...</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-4" name="__codelineno-10-4" href="#__codelineno-10-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-5" name="__codelineno-10-5" href="#__codelineno-10-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-6" name="__codelineno-10-6" href="#__codelineno-10-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-10-7" name="__codelineno-10-7" href="#__codelineno-10-7"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 入力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-8" name="__codelineno-10-8" href="#__codelineno-10-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(定数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-9" name="__codelineno-10-9" href="#__codelineno-10-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(変数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-10" name="__codelineno-10-10" href="#__codelineno-10-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">();</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// スタックフレーム空間(関数呼び出し)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-11" name="__codelineno-10-11" href="#__codelineno-10-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 出力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-10-12" name="__codelineno-10-12" href="#__codelineno-10-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="cm">/* クラス */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="kd">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Node</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">_val</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">next</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node? </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-4" name="__codelineno-11-4" href="#__codelineno-11-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-5" name="__codelineno-11-5" href="#__codelineno-11-5"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-11-6" name="__codelineno-11-6" href="#__codelineno-11-6"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-7" name="__codelineno-11-7" href="#__codelineno-11-7"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">():</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-8" name="__codelineno-11-8" href="#__codelineno-11-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行...</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-9" name="__codelineno-11-9" href="#__codelineno-11-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-10" name="__codelineno-11-10" href="#__codelineno-11-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-11" name="__codelineno-11-11" href="#__codelineno-11-11"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-11-12" name="__codelineno-11-12" href="#__codelineno-11-12"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 入力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-13" name="__codelineno-11-13" href="#__codelineno-11-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(定数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-14" name="__codelineno-11-14" href="#__codelineno-11-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(変数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-15" name="__codelineno-11-15" href="#__codelineno-11-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Node</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 一時データ(オブジェクト)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-16" name="__codelineno-11-16" href="#__codelineno-11-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// スタックフレーム空間(関数呼び出し)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-17" name="__codelineno-11-17" href="#__codelineno-11-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 出力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-11-18" name="__codelineno-11-18" href="#__codelineno-11-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="c1">### クラス ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Node</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">attr_accessor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">:val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># ノードの値</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">attr_accessor</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ss">:next</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 次のノードへの参照</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">initialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="vi">@val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-12-11" name="__codelineno-12-11" href="#__codelineno-12-11"></a><span class="c1">### 関数 ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-12" name="__codelineno-12-12" href="#__codelineno-12-12"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-13" name="__codelineno-12-13" href="#__codelineno-12-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># いくつかの処理を実行...</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-14" name="__codelineno-12-14" href="#__codelineno-12-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-15" name="__codelineno-12-15" href="#__codelineno-12-15"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-16" name="__codelineno-12-16" href="#__codelineno-12-16"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-12-17" name="__codelineno-12-17" href="#__codelineno-12-17"></a><span class="c1">### アルゴリズム ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-18" name="__codelineno-12-18" href="#__codelineno-12-18"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 入力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-19" name="__codelineno-12-19" href="#__codelineno-12-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 一時データ(定数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-20" name="__codelineno-12-20" href="#__codelineno-12-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 一時データ(変数)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-21" name="__codelineno-12-21" href="#__codelineno-12-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">Node</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 一時データ(オブジェクト)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-22" name="__codelineno-12-22" href="#__codelineno-12-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># スタックフレーム空間(関数呼び出し)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-23" name="__codelineno-12-23" href="#__codelineno-12-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 出力データ</span>
<a id="__codelineno-12-24" name="__codelineno-12-24" href="#__codelineno-12-24"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<h2 id="242">2.4.2 &nbsp; 推定方法<a class="headerlink" href="#242" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>空間計算量の推定方法は時間計算量とおおむね同じで、数える対象を「操作回数」から「使用空間の大きさ」に変えるだけです。</p>
<p>ただし時間計算量と異なり、<strong>通常は最悪空間計算量だけに注目します</strong>。メモリ空間は厳格な要件であり、どの入力データに対しても十分なメモリを確保できることを保証しなければならないからです。</p>
<p>以下のコードを見ると、最悪空間計算量における「最悪」には二つの意味があります。</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>最悪の入力データを基準にする</strong><span class="arithmatex">\(n &lt; 10\)</span> のとき空間計算量は <span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span> ですが、<span class="arithmatex">\(n &gt; 10\)</span> のとき初期化される配列 <code>nums</code><span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> の空間を占有するため、最悪空間計算量は <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> です。</li>
<li><strong>アルゴリズム実行中のメモリ使用量のピークを基準にする</strong>:例えば、プログラムは最後の行を実行する前までは <span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span> の空間しか使いませんが、配列 <code>nums</code> を初期化するときには <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> の空間を占有するため、最悪空間計算量は <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> です。</li>
</ol>
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<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-2" name="__codelineno-13-2" href="#__codelineno-13-2"></a> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="c1"># O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-3" name="__codelineno-13-3" href="#__codelineno-13-3"></a> <span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">10000</span> <span class="c1"># O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-4" name="__codelineno-13-4" href="#__codelineno-13-4"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-13-5" name="__codelineno-13-5" href="#__codelineno-13-5"></a> <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="c1"># O(n)</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(n)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-14-6" name="__codelineno-14-6" href="#__codelineno-14-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(n)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-2" name="__codelineno-16-2" href="#__codelineno-16-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-3" name="__codelineno-16-3" href="#__codelineno-16-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-4" name="__codelineno-16-4" href="#__codelineno-16-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-5" name="__codelineno-16-5" href="#__codelineno-16-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(n)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-6" name="__codelineno-16-6" href="#__codelineno-16-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-16-7" name="__codelineno-16-7" href="#__codelineno-16-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="kt">int</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-6" name="__codelineno-17-6" href="#__codelineno-17-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(n)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-7" name="__codelineno-17-7" href="#__codelineno-17-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-8" name="__codelineno-17-8" href="#__codelineno-17-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-17-9" name="__codelineno-17-9" href="#__codelineno-17-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-2" name="__codelineno-18-2" href="#__codelineno-18-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-3" name="__codelineno-18-3" href="#__codelineno-18-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-4" name="__codelineno-18-4" href="#__codelineno-18-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-5" name="__codelineno-18-5" href="#__codelineno-18-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(n)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-6" name="__codelineno-18-6" href="#__codelineno-18-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-18-7" name="__codelineno-18-7" href="#__codelineno-18-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-3" name="__codelineno-19-3" href="#__codelineno-19-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">10000</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-4" name="__codelineno-19-4" href="#__codelineno-19-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-5" name="__codelineno-19-5" href="#__codelineno-19-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(n)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-6" name="__codelineno-19-6" href="#__codelineno-19-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-19-7" name="__codelineno-19-7" href="#__codelineno-19-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">10000</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-5" name="__codelineno-20-5" href="#__codelineno-20-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(n)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-6" name="__codelineno-20-6" href="#__codelineno-20-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-20-7" name="__codelineno-20-7" href="#__codelineno-20-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-2" name="__codelineno-21-2" href="#__codelineno-21-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-3" name="__codelineno-21-3" href="#__codelineno-21-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">10000</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-4" name="__codelineno-21-4" href="#__codelineno-21-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-5" name="__codelineno-21-5" href="#__codelineno-21-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(n)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-6" name="__codelineno-21-6" href="#__codelineno-21-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-21-7" name="__codelineno-21-7" href="#__codelineno-21-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-3" name="__codelineno-22-3" href="#__codelineno-22-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-4" name="__codelineno-22-4" href="#__codelineno-22-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-5" name="__codelineno-22-5" href="#__codelineno-22-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(n)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-6" name="__codelineno-22-6" href="#__codelineno-22-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-22-7" name="__codelineno-22-7" href="#__codelineno-22-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-5" name="__codelineno-23-5" href="#__codelineno-23-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">};</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(n)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-23-6" name="__codelineno-23-6" href="#__codelineno-23-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-2" name="__codelineno-24-2" href="#__codelineno-24-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-3" name="__codelineno-24-3" href="#__codelineno-24-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">10000</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-4" name="__codelineno-24-4" href="#__codelineno-24-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-5" name="__codelineno-24-5" href="#__codelineno-24-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">IntArray</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// O(n)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-6" name="__codelineno-24-6" href="#__codelineno-24-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-24-7" name="__codelineno-24-7" href="#__codelineno-24-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">algorithm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-2" name="__codelineno-25-2" href="#__codelineno-25-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-3" name="__codelineno-25-3" href="#__codelineno-25-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># O(1)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-4" name="__codelineno-25-4" href="#__codelineno-25-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># O(n)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-25-5" name="__codelineno-25-5" href="#__codelineno-25-5"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><strong>再帰関数では、スタックフレーム空間の集計に注意が必要です</strong>。以下のコードを見てみましょう。</p>
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="3:13"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_3_1" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_2" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_3" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_4" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_5" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_6" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_7" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_8" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_9" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_10" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_11" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_12" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><input id="__tabbed_3_13" name="__tabbed_3" type="radio" /><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_3_1">Python</label><label for="__tabbed_3_2">C++</label><label for="__tabbed_3_3">Java</label><label for="__tabbed_3_4">C#</label><label for="__tabbed_3_5">Go</label><label for="__tabbed_3_6">Swift</label><label for="__tabbed_3_7">JS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_8">TS</label><label for="__tabbed_3_9">Dart</label><label for="__tabbed_3_10">Rust</label><label for="__tabbed_3_11">C</label><label for="__tabbed_3_12">Kotlin</label><label for="__tabbed_3_13">Ruby</label></div>
<div class="tabbed-content">
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-26-1" name="__codelineno-26-1" href="#__codelineno-26-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-2" name="__codelineno-26-2" href="#__codelineno-26-2"></a> <span class="c1"># いくつかの処理を実行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-3" name="__codelineno-26-3" href="#__codelineno-26-3"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-4" name="__codelineno-26-4" href="#__codelineno-26-4"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-26-5" name="__codelineno-26-5" href="#__codelineno-26-5"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-6" name="__codelineno-26-6" href="#__codelineno-26-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;ループの空間計算量は O(1)&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-7" name="__codelineno-26-7" href="#__codelineno-26-7"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-8" name="__codelineno-26-8" href="#__codelineno-26-8"></a> <span class="n">function</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-9" name="__codelineno-26-9" href="#__codelineno-26-9"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-26-10" name="__codelineno-26-10" href="#__codelineno-26-10"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-11" name="__codelineno-26-11" href="#__codelineno-26-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;再帰の空間計算量は O(n)&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-12" name="__codelineno-26-12" href="#__codelineno-26-12"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-13" name="__codelineno-26-13" href="#__codelineno-26-13"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-26-14" name="__codelineno-26-14" href="#__codelineno-26-14"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-27-1" name="__codelineno-27-1" href="#__codelineno-27-1"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">func</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-2" name="__codelineno-27-2" href="#__codelineno-27-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-3" name="__codelineno-27-3" href="#__codelineno-27-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-4" name="__codelineno-27-4" href="#__codelineno-27-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-5" name="__codelineno-27-5" href="#__codelineno-27-5"></a><span class="cm">/* ループの空間計算量は O(1) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-6" name="__codelineno-27-6" href="#__codelineno-27-6"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-7" name="__codelineno-27-7" href="#__codelineno-27-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-8" name="__codelineno-27-8" href="#__codelineno-27-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-9" name="__codelineno-27-9" href="#__codelineno-27-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-10" name="__codelineno-27-10" href="#__codelineno-27-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-11" name="__codelineno-27-11" href="#__codelineno-27-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 再帰の空間計算量は O(n) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-12" name="__codelineno-27-12" href="#__codelineno-27-12"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-13" name="__codelineno-27-13" href="#__codelineno-27-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-14" name="__codelineno-27-14" href="#__codelineno-27-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-27-15" name="__codelineno-27-15" href="#__codelineno-27-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-28-1" name="__codelineno-28-1" href="#__codelineno-28-1"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-2" name="__codelineno-28-2" href="#__codelineno-28-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-3" name="__codelineno-28-3" href="#__codelineno-28-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-4" name="__codelineno-28-4" href="#__codelineno-28-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-5" name="__codelineno-28-5" href="#__codelineno-28-5"></a><span class="cm">/* ループの空間計算量は O(1) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-6" name="__codelineno-28-6" href="#__codelineno-28-6"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-7" name="__codelineno-28-7" href="#__codelineno-28-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-8" name="__codelineno-28-8" href="#__codelineno-28-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-9" name="__codelineno-28-9" href="#__codelineno-28-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-10" name="__codelineno-28-10" href="#__codelineno-28-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-11" name="__codelineno-28-11" href="#__codelineno-28-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 再帰の空間計算量は O(n) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-12" name="__codelineno-28-12" href="#__codelineno-28-12"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-13" name="__codelineno-28-13" href="#__codelineno-28-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-14" name="__codelineno-28-14" href="#__codelineno-28-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-28-15" name="__codelineno-28-15" href="#__codelineno-28-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-29-1" name="__codelineno-29-1" href="#__codelineno-29-1"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-2" name="__codelineno-29-2" href="#__codelineno-29-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-3" name="__codelineno-29-3" href="#__codelineno-29-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-4" name="__codelineno-29-4" href="#__codelineno-29-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-5" name="__codelineno-29-5" href="#__codelineno-29-5"></a><span class="cm">/* ループの空間計算量は O(1) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-6" name="__codelineno-29-6" href="#__codelineno-29-6"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-7" name="__codelineno-29-7" href="#__codelineno-29-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-8" name="__codelineno-29-8" href="#__codelineno-29-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Function</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-9" name="__codelineno-29-9" href="#__codelineno-29-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-10" name="__codelineno-29-10" href="#__codelineno-29-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-11" name="__codelineno-29-11" href="#__codelineno-29-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 再帰の空間計算量は O(n) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-12" name="__codelineno-29-12" href="#__codelineno-29-12"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-13" name="__codelineno-29-13" href="#__codelineno-29-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-14" name="__codelineno-29-14" href="#__codelineno-29-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-29-15" name="__codelineno-29-15" href="#__codelineno-29-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-30-1" name="__codelineno-30-1" href="#__codelineno-30-1"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-2" name="__codelineno-30-2" href="#__codelineno-30-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-3" name="__codelineno-30-3" href="#__codelineno-30-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-4" name="__codelineno-30-4" href="#__codelineno-30-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-5" name="__codelineno-30-5" href="#__codelineno-30-5"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-30-6" name="__codelineno-30-6" href="#__codelineno-30-6"></a><span class="cm">/* ループの空間計算量は O(1) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-7" name="__codelineno-30-7" href="#__codelineno-30-7"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-8" name="__codelineno-30-8" href="#__codelineno-30-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-9" name="__codelineno-30-9" href="#__codelineno-30-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">function</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-10" name="__codelineno-30-10" href="#__codelineno-30-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-11" name="__codelineno-30-11" href="#__codelineno-30-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-12" name="__codelineno-30-12" href="#__codelineno-30-12"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-30-13" name="__codelineno-30-13" href="#__codelineno-30-13"></a><span class="cm">/* 再帰の空間計算量は O(n) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-14" name="__codelineno-30-14" href="#__codelineno-30-14"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-15" name="__codelineno-30-15" href="#__codelineno-30-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-16" name="__codelineno-30-16" href="#__codelineno-30-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-17" name="__codelineno-30-17" href="#__codelineno-30-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-18" name="__codelineno-30-18" href="#__codelineno-30-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-30-19" name="__codelineno-30-19" href="#__codelineno-30-19"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-31-1" name="__codelineno-31-1" href="#__codelineno-31-1"></a><span class="p">@</span><span class="n">discardableResult</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-2" name="__codelineno-31-2" href="#__codelineno-31-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-3" name="__codelineno-31-3" href="#__codelineno-31-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-4" name="__codelineno-31-4" href="#__codelineno-31-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-5" name="__codelineno-31-5" href="#__codelineno-31-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-6" name="__codelineno-31-6" href="#__codelineno-31-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-31-7" name="__codelineno-31-7" href="#__codelineno-31-7"></a><span class="cm">/* ループの空間計算量は O(1) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-8" name="__codelineno-31-8" href="#__codelineno-31-8"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-9" name="__codelineno-31-9" href="#__codelineno-31-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-10" name="__codelineno-31-10" href="#__codelineno-31-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-11" name="__codelineno-31-11" href="#__codelineno-31-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-12" name="__codelineno-31-12" href="#__codelineno-31-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-13" name="__codelineno-31-13" href="#__codelineno-31-13"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-31-14" name="__codelineno-31-14" href="#__codelineno-31-14"></a><span class="cm">/* 再帰の空間計算量は O(n) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-15" name="__codelineno-31-15" href="#__codelineno-31-15"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-16" name="__codelineno-31-16" href="#__codelineno-31-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-17" name="__codelineno-31-17" href="#__codelineno-31-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-18" name="__codelineno-31-18" href="#__codelineno-31-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-19" name="__codelineno-31-19" href="#__codelineno-31-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-31-20" name="__codelineno-31-20" href="#__codelineno-31-20"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-32-1" name="__codelineno-32-1" href="#__codelineno-32-1"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-2" name="__codelineno-32-2" href="#__codelineno-32-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-3" name="__codelineno-32-3" href="#__codelineno-32-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-4" name="__codelineno-32-4" href="#__codelineno-32-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-5" name="__codelineno-32-5" href="#__codelineno-32-5"></a><span class="cm">/* ループの空間計算量は O(1) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-6" name="__codelineno-32-6" href="#__codelineno-32-6"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-7" name="__codelineno-32-7" href="#__codelineno-32-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-8" name="__codelineno-32-8" href="#__codelineno-32-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-9" name="__codelineno-32-9" href="#__codelineno-32-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-10" name="__codelineno-32-10" href="#__codelineno-32-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-11" name="__codelineno-32-11" href="#__codelineno-32-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 再帰の空間計算量は O(n) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-12" name="__codelineno-32-12" href="#__codelineno-32-12"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-13" name="__codelineno-32-13" href="#__codelineno-32-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-14" name="__codelineno-32-14" href="#__codelineno-32-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-32-15" name="__codelineno-32-15" href="#__codelineno-32-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-33-1" name="__codelineno-33-1" href="#__codelineno-33-1"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-2" name="__codelineno-33-2" href="#__codelineno-33-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-3" name="__codelineno-33-3" href="#__codelineno-33-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-4" name="__codelineno-33-4" href="#__codelineno-33-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-5" name="__codelineno-33-5" href="#__codelineno-33-5"></a><span class="cm">/* ループの空間計算量は O(1) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-6" name="__codelineno-33-6" href="#__codelineno-33-6"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-7" name="__codelineno-33-7" href="#__codelineno-33-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-8" name="__codelineno-33-8" href="#__codelineno-33-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-9" name="__codelineno-33-9" href="#__codelineno-33-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-10" name="__codelineno-33-10" href="#__codelineno-33-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-11" name="__codelineno-33-11" href="#__codelineno-33-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 再帰の空間計算量は O(n) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-12" name="__codelineno-33-12" href="#__codelineno-33-12"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-13" name="__codelineno-33-13" href="#__codelineno-33-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-14" name="__codelineno-33-14" href="#__codelineno-33-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-33-15" name="__codelineno-33-15" href="#__codelineno-33-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-34-1" name="__codelineno-34-1" href="#__codelineno-34-1"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-2" name="__codelineno-34-2" href="#__codelineno-34-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-3" name="__codelineno-34-3" href="#__codelineno-34-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-4" name="__codelineno-34-4" href="#__codelineno-34-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-5" name="__codelineno-34-5" href="#__codelineno-34-5"></a><span class="cm">/* ループの空間計算量は O(1) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-6" name="__codelineno-34-6" href="#__codelineno-34-6"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-7" name="__codelineno-34-7" href="#__codelineno-34-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-8" name="__codelineno-34-8" href="#__codelineno-34-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-9" name="__codelineno-34-9" href="#__codelineno-34-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-10" name="__codelineno-34-10" href="#__codelineno-34-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-11" name="__codelineno-34-11" href="#__codelineno-34-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 再帰の空間計算量は O(n) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-12" name="__codelineno-34-12" href="#__codelineno-34-12"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-13" name="__codelineno-34-13" href="#__codelineno-34-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-14" name="__codelineno-34-14" href="#__codelineno-34-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-34-15" name="__codelineno-34-15" href="#__codelineno-34-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-35-1" name="__codelineno-35-1" href="#__codelineno-35-1"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-2" name="__codelineno-35-2" href="#__codelineno-35-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-3" name="__codelineno-35-3" href="#__codelineno-35-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-4" name="__codelineno-35-4" href="#__codelineno-35-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-5" name="__codelineno-35-5" href="#__codelineno-35-5"></a><span class="cm">/* ループの空間計算量は O(1) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-6" name="__codelineno-35-6" href="#__codelineno-35-6"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-7" name="__codelineno-35-7" href="#__codelineno-35-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-8" name="__codelineno-35-8" href="#__codelineno-35-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-9" name="__codelineno-35-9" href="#__codelineno-35-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-10" name="__codelineno-35-10" href="#__codelineno-35-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-11" name="__codelineno-35-11" href="#__codelineno-35-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 再帰の空間計算量は O(n) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-12" name="__codelineno-35-12" href="#__codelineno-35-12"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-13" name="__codelineno-35-13" href="#__codelineno-35-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-14" name="__codelineno-35-14" href="#__codelineno-35-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-15" name="__codelineno-35-15" href="#__codelineno-35-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-16" name="__codelineno-35-16" href="#__codelineno-35-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-35-17" name="__codelineno-35-17" href="#__codelineno-35-17"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-36-1" name="__codelineno-36-1" href="#__codelineno-36-1"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">func</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-2" name="__codelineno-36-2" href="#__codelineno-36-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-3" name="__codelineno-36-3" href="#__codelineno-36-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-4" name="__codelineno-36-4" href="#__codelineno-36-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-5" name="__codelineno-36-5" href="#__codelineno-36-5"></a><span class="cm">/* ループの空間計算量は O(1) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-6" name="__codelineno-36-6" href="#__codelineno-36-6"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-7" name="__codelineno-36-7" href="#__codelineno-36-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-8" name="__codelineno-36-8" href="#__codelineno-36-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-9" name="__codelineno-36-9" href="#__codelineno-36-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-10" name="__codelineno-36-10" href="#__codelineno-36-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-11" name="__codelineno-36-11" href="#__codelineno-36-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 再帰の空間計算量は O(n) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-12" name="__codelineno-36-12" href="#__codelineno-36-12"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-13" name="__codelineno-36-13" href="#__codelineno-36-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-14" name="__codelineno-36-14" href="#__codelineno-36-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-36-15" name="__codelineno-36-15" href="#__codelineno-36-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-37-1" name="__codelineno-37-1" href="#__codelineno-37-1"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">():</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-2" name="__codelineno-37-2" href="#__codelineno-37-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの処理を実行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-3" name="__codelineno-37-3" href="#__codelineno-37-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-4" name="__codelineno-37-4" href="#__codelineno-37-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-5" name="__codelineno-37-5" href="#__codelineno-37-5"></a><span class="cm">/* ループの空間計算量は O(1) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-6" name="__codelineno-37-6" href="#__codelineno-37-6"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-7" name="__codelineno-37-7" href="#__codelineno-37-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0.</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-8" name="__codelineno-37-8" href="#__codelineno-37-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-9" name="__codelineno-37-9" href="#__codelineno-37-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-10" name="__codelineno-37-10" href="#__codelineno-37-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-11" name="__codelineno-37-11" href="#__codelineno-37-11"></a><span class="cm">/* 再帰の空間計算量は O(n) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-12" name="__codelineno-37-12" href="#__codelineno-37-12"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-13" name="__codelineno-37-13" href="#__codelineno-37-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-14" name="__codelineno-37-14" href="#__codelineno-37-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-37-15" name="__codelineno-37-15" href="#__codelineno-37-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-38-1" name="__codelineno-38-1" href="#__codelineno-38-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-2" name="__codelineno-38-2" href="#__codelineno-38-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># いくつかの処理を実行</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-3" name="__codelineno-38-3" href="#__codelineno-38-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-4" name="__codelineno-38-4" href="#__codelineno-38-4"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-5" name="__codelineno-38-5" href="#__codelineno-38-5"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-38-6" name="__codelineno-38-6" href="#__codelineno-38-6"></a><span class="c1">### ループの空間計算量は O(1) ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-7" name="__codelineno-38-7" href="#__codelineno-38-7"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">loop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-8" name="__codelineno-38-8" href="#__codelineno-38-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">each</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-9" name="__codelineno-38-9" href="#__codelineno-38-9"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-10" name="__codelineno-38-10" href="#__codelineno-38-10"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-38-11" name="__codelineno-38-11" href="#__codelineno-38-11"></a><span class="c1">### 再帰の空間計算量は O(n) ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-12" name="__codelineno-38-12" href="#__codelineno-38-12"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-13" name="__codelineno-38-13" href="#__codelineno-38-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-14" name="__codelineno-38-14" href="#__codelineno-38-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-38-15" name="__codelineno-38-15" href="#__codelineno-38-15"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>関数 <code>loop()</code><code>recur()</code> はどちらも時間計算量は <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> ですが、空間計算量は異なります。</p>
<ul>
<li>関数 <code>loop()</code> はループの中で <code>function()</code><span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> 回呼び出しますが、各反復での <code>function()</code> は戻るたびにスタックフレーム空間が解放されるため、空間計算量は依然として <span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span> です。</li>
<li>再帰関数 <code>recur()</code> は実行中に未返却の <code>recur()</code> が同時に <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> 個存在するため、<span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> のスタックフレーム空間を占有します。</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="243">2.4.3 &nbsp; よくある型<a class="headerlink" href="#243" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>入力データサイズを <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> とすると、以下の図はよくある空間計算量の型を低い順から高い順に示しています。</p>
<div class="arithmatex">\[
\begin{aligned}
O(1) &lt; O(\log n) &lt; O(n) &lt; O(n^2) &lt; O(2^n) \newline
\text{定数階} &lt; \text{対数階} &lt; \text{線形階} &lt; \text{平方階} &lt; \text{指数階}
\end{aligned}
\]</div>
<p><img alt="よくある空間計算量の型" class="animation-figure" src="../space_complexity.assets/space_complexity_common_types.png" /></p>
<p align="center"> 図 2-16 &nbsp; よくある空間計算量の型 </p>
<h3 id="1-o1">1. &nbsp; 定数階 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#1-o1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>定数階は、個数が入力データサイズ <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> に依存しない定数、変数、オブジェクトなどによく現れます。</p>
<p>注意すべき点として、ループ内で変数を初期化したり関数を呼び出したりして使用されたメモリは、次の反復に入ると解放されるため、空間の占有は累積せず、空間計算量は依然として <span class="arithmatex">\(O(1)\)</span> です。</p>
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-39-1" name="__codelineno-39-1" href="#__codelineno-39-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-39-2" name="__codelineno-39-2" href="#__codelineno-39-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;関数&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-39-3" name="__codelineno-39-3" href="#__codelineno-39-3"></a> <span class="c1"># 何らかの処理を行う</span>
<a id="__codelineno-39-4" name="__codelineno-39-4" href="#__codelineno-39-4"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-39-5" name="__codelineno-39-5" href="#__codelineno-39-5"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-39-6" name="__codelineno-39-6" href="#__codelineno-39-6"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-39-7" name="__codelineno-39-7" href="#__codelineno-39-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;定数階&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-39-8" name="__codelineno-39-8" href="#__codelineno-39-8"></a> <span class="c1"># 定数、変数、オブジェクトは O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-39-9" name="__codelineno-39-9" href="#__codelineno-39-9"></a> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-39-10" name="__codelineno-39-10" href="#__codelineno-39-10"></a> <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">10000</span>
<a id="__codelineno-39-11" name="__codelineno-39-11" href="#__codelineno-39-11"></a> <span class="n">node</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-39-12" name="__codelineno-39-12" href="#__codelineno-39-12"></a> <span class="c1"># ループ内の変数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-39-13" name="__codelineno-39-13" href="#__codelineno-39-13"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-39-14" name="__codelineno-39-14" href="#__codelineno-39-14"></a> <span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-39-15" name="__codelineno-39-15" href="#__codelineno-39-15"></a> <span class="c1"># ループ内の関数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-39-16" name="__codelineno-39-16" href="#__codelineno-39-16"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-39-17" name="__codelineno-39-17" href="#__codelineno-39-17"></a> <span class="n">function</span><span class="p">()</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-40-1" name="__codelineno-40-1" href="#__codelineno-40-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-2" name="__codelineno-40-2" href="#__codelineno-40-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">func</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-3" name="__codelineno-40-3" href="#__codelineno-40-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 何らかの処理を行う</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-4" name="__codelineno-40-4" href="#__codelineno-40-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-5" name="__codelineno-40-5" href="#__codelineno-40-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-6" name="__codelineno-40-6" href="#__codelineno-40-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-40-7" name="__codelineno-40-7" href="#__codelineno-40-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 定数階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-8" name="__codelineno-40-8" href="#__codelineno-40-8"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-9" name="__codelineno-40-9" href="#__codelineno-40-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 定数、変数、オブジェクトは O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-10" name="__codelineno-40-10" href="#__codelineno-40-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-11" name="__codelineno-40-11" href="#__codelineno-40-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-12" name="__codelineno-40-12" href="#__codelineno-40-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-13" name="__codelineno-40-13" href="#__codelineno-40-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-14" name="__codelineno-40-14" href="#__codelineno-40-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の変数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-15" name="__codelineno-40-15" href="#__codelineno-40-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-16" name="__codelineno-40-16" href="#__codelineno-40-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-17" name="__codelineno-40-17" href="#__codelineno-40-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-18" name="__codelineno-40-18" href="#__codelineno-40-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の関数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-19" name="__codelineno-40-19" href="#__codelineno-40-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-20" name="__codelineno-40-20" href="#__codelineno-40-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-21" name="__codelineno-40-21" href="#__codelineno-40-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-40-22" name="__codelineno-40-22" href="#__codelineno-40-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-41-1" name="__codelineno-41-1" href="#__codelineno-41-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-2" name="__codelineno-41-2" href="#__codelineno-41-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-3" name="__codelineno-41-3" href="#__codelineno-41-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 何らかの処理を行う</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-4" name="__codelineno-41-4" href="#__codelineno-41-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-5" name="__codelineno-41-5" href="#__codelineno-41-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-6" name="__codelineno-41-6" href="#__codelineno-41-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-41-7" name="__codelineno-41-7" href="#__codelineno-41-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 定数階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-8" name="__codelineno-41-8" href="#__codelineno-41-8"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-9" name="__codelineno-41-9" href="#__codelineno-41-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 定数、変数、オブジェクトは O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-10" name="__codelineno-41-10" href="#__codelineno-41-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-11" name="__codelineno-41-11" href="#__codelineno-41-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-12" name="__codelineno-41-12" href="#__codelineno-41-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-13" name="__codelineno-41-13" href="#__codelineno-41-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-14" name="__codelineno-41-14" href="#__codelineno-41-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の変数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-15" name="__codelineno-41-15" href="#__codelineno-41-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-16" name="__codelineno-41-16" href="#__codelineno-41-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-17" name="__codelineno-41-17" href="#__codelineno-41-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-18" name="__codelineno-41-18" href="#__codelineno-41-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の関数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-19" name="__codelineno-41-19" href="#__codelineno-41-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-20" name="__codelineno-41-20" href="#__codelineno-41-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-21" name="__codelineno-41-21" href="#__codelineno-41-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-41-22" name="__codelineno-41-22" href="#__codelineno-41-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-42-1" name="__codelineno-42-1" href="#__codelineno-42-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-2" name="__codelineno-42-2" href="#__codelineno-42-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-3" name="__codelineno-42-3" href="#__codelineno-42-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 何らかの処理を行う</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-4" name="__codelineno-42-4" href="#__codelineno-42-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-5" name="__codelineno-42-5" href="#__codelineno-42-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-6" name="__codelineno-42-6" href="#__codelineno-42-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-42-7" name="__codelineno-42-7" href="#__codelineno-42-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 定数階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-8" name="__codelineno-42-8" href="#__codelineno-42-8"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-9" name="__codelineno-42-9" href="#__codelineno-42-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 定数、変数、オブジェクトは O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-10" name="__codelineno-42-10" href="#__codelineno-42-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-11" name="__codelineno-42-11" href="#__codelineno-42-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-12" name="__codelineno-42-12" href="#__codelineno-42-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-13" name="__codelineno-42-13" href="#__codelineno-42-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-14" name="__codelineno-42-14" href="#__codelineno-42-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の変数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-15" name="__codelineno-42-15" href="#__codelineno-42-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-16" name="__codelineno-42-16" href="#__codelineno-42-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-17" name="__codelineno-42-17" href="#__codelineno-42-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-18" name="__codelineno-42-18" href="#__codelineno-42-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の関数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-19" name="__codelineno-42-19" href="#__codelineno-42-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-20" name="__codelineno-42-20" href="#__codelineno-42-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Function</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-21" name="__codelineno-42-21" href="#__codelineno-42-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-42-22" name="__codelineno-42-22" href="#__codelineno-42-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-43-1" name="__codelineno-43-1" href="#__codelineno-43-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-2" name="__codelineno-43-2" href="#__codelineno-43-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-3" name="__codelineno-43-3" href="#__codelineno-43-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// いくつかの操作を実行...</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-4" name="__codelineno-43-4" href="#__codelineno-43-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-5" name="__codelineno-43-5" href="#__codelineno-43-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-6" name="__codelineno-43-6" href="#__codelineno-43-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-43-7" name="__codelineno-43-7" href="#__codelineno-43-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 定数階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-8" name="__codelineno-43-8" href="#__codelineno-43-8"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">spaceConstant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-9" name="__codelineno-43-9" href="#__codelineno-43-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 定数、変数、オブジェクトは O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-10" name="__codelineno-43-10" href="#__codelineno-43-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-11" name="__codelineno-43-11" href="#__codelineno-43-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-12" name="__codelineno-43-12" href="#__codelineno-43-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-13" name="__codelineno-43-13" href="#__codelineno-43-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-14" name="__codelineno-43-14" href="#__codelineno-43-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の変数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-15" name="__codelineno-43-15" href="#__codelineno-43-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-16" name="__codelineno-43-16" href="#__codelineno-43-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-17" name="__codelineno-43-17" href="#__codelineno-43-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-18" name="__codelineno-43-18" href="#__codelineno-43-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-19" name="__codelineno-43-19" href="#__codelineno-43-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の関数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-20" name="__codelineno-43-20" href="#__codelineno-43-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-21" name="__codelineno-43-21" href="#__codelineno-43-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">function</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-22" name="__codelineno-43-22" href="#__codelineno-43-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-23" name="__codelineno-43-23" href="#__codelineno-43-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-24" name="__codelineno-43-24" href="#__codelineno-43-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-25" name="__codelineno-43-25" href="#__codelineno-43-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-26" name="__codelineno-43-26" href="#__codelineno-43-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-43-27" name="__codelineno-43-27" href="#__codelineno-43-27"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-44-1" name="__codelineno-44-1" href="#__codelineno-44-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-2" name="__codelineno-44-2" href="#__codelineno-44-2"></a><span class="p">@</span><span class="n">discardableResult</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-3" name="__codelineno-44-3" href="#__codelineno-44-3"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-4" name="__codelineno-44-4" href="#__codelineno-44-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 何らかの処理を行う</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-5" name="__codelineno-44-5" href="#__codelineno-44-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-6" name="__codelineno-44-6" href="#__codelineno-44-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-7" name="__codelineno-44-7" href="#__codelineno-44-7"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-44-8" name="__codelineno-44-8" href="#__codelineno-44-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 定数階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-9" name="__codelineno-44-9" href="#__codelineno-44-9"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-10" name="__codelineno-44-10" href="#__codelineno-44-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 定数、変数、オブジェクトは O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-11" name="__codelineno-44-11" href="#__codelineno-44-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-12" name="__codelineno-44-12" href="#__codelineno-44-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-13" name="__codelineno-44-13" href="#__codelineno-44-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-14" name="__codelineno-44-14" href="#__codelineno-44-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-15" name="__codelineno-44-15" href="#__codelineno-44-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の変数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-16" name="__codelineno-44-16" href="#__codelineno-44-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-17" name="__codelineno-44-17" href="#__codelineno-44-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-18" name="__codelineno-44-18" href="#__codelineno-44-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-19" name="__codelineno-44-19" href="#__codelineno-44-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の関数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-20" name="__codelineno-44-20" href="#__codelineno-44-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-21" name="__codelineno-44-21" href="#__codelineno-44-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-22" name="__codelineno-44-22" href="#__codelineno-44-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-44-23" name="__codelineno-44-23" href="#__codelineno-44-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-45-1" name="__codelineno-45-1" href="#__codelineno-45-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-2" name="__codelineno-45-2" href="#__codelineno-45-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-3" name="__codelineno-45-3" href="#__codelineno-45-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 何らかの処理を行う</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-4" name="__codelineno-45-4" href="#__codelineno-45-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-5" name="__codelineno-45-5" href="#__codelineno-45-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-6" name="__codelineno-45-6" href="#__codelineno-45-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-45-7" name="__codelineno-45-7" href="#__codelineno-45-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 定数階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-8" name="__codelineno-45-8" href="#__codelineno-45-8"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-9" name="__codelineno-45-9" href="#__codelineno-45-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 定数、変数、オブジェクトは O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-10" name="__codelineno-45-10" href="#__codelineno-45-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-11" name="__codelineno-45-11" href="#__codelineno-45-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-12" name="__codelineno-45-12" href="#__codelineno-45-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">10000</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-13" name="__codelineno-45-13" href="#__codelineno-45-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-14" name="__codelineno-45-14" href="#__codelineno-45-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の変数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-15" name="__codelineno-45-15" href="#__codelineno-45-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-16" name="__codelineno-45-16" href="#__codelineno-45-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-17" name="__codelineno-45-17" href="#__codelineno-45-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-18" name="__codelineno-45-18" href="#__codelineno-45-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の関数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-19" name="__codelineno-45-19" href="#__codelineno-45-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-20" name="__codelineno-45-20" href="#__codelineno-45-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-21" name="__codelineno-45-21" href="#__codelineno-45-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-45-22" name="__codelineno-45-22" href="#__codelineno-45-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-46-1" name="__codelineno-46-1" href="#__codelineno-46-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-2" name="__codelineno-46-2" href="#__codelineno-46-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-3" name="__codelineno-46-3" href="#__codelineno-46-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 何らかの処理を行う</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-4" name="__codelineno-46-4" href="#__codelineno-46-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-5" name="__codelineno-46-5" href="#__codelineno-46-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-6" name="__codelineno-46-6" href="#__codelineno-46-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-46-7" name="__codelineno-46-7" href="#__codelineno-46-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 定数階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-8" name="__codelineno-46-8" href="#__codelineno-46-8"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-9" name="__codelineno-46-9" href="#__codelineno-46-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 定数、変数、オブジェクトは O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-10" name="__codelineno-46-10" href="#__codelineno-46-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-11" name="__codelineno-46-11" href="#__codelineno-46-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-12" name="__codelineno-46-12" href="#__codelineno-46-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">10000</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-13" name="__codelineno-46-13" href="#__codelineno-46-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-14" name="__codelineno-46-14" href="#__codelineno-46-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の変数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-15" name="__codelineno-46-15" href="#__codelineno-46-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-16" name="__codelineno-46-16" href="#__codelineno-46-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-17" name="__codelineno-46-17" href="#__codelineno-46-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-18" name="__codelineno-46-18" href="#__codelineno-46-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の関数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-19" name="__codelineno-46-19" href="#__codelineno-46-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-20" name="__codelineno-46-20" href="#__codelineno-46-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">constFunc</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-21" name="__codelineno-46-21" href="#__codelineno-46-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-46-22" name="__codelineno-46-22" href="#__codelineno-46-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-47-1" name="__codelineno-47-1" href="#__codelineno-47-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-2" name="__codelineno-47-2" href="#__codelineno-47-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-3" name="__codelineno-47-3" href="#__codelineno-47-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 何らかの処理を行う</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-4" name="__codelineno-47-4" href="#__codelineno-47-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-5" name="__codelineno-47-5" href="#__codelineno-47-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-6" name="__codelineno-47-6" href="#__codelineno-47-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-47-7" name="__codelineno-47-7" href="#__codelineno-47-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 定数階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-8" name="__codelineno-47-8" href="#__codelineno-47-8"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-9" name="__codelineno-47-9" href="#__codelineno-47-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 定数、変数、オブジェクトは O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-10" name="__codelineno-47-10" href="#__codelineno-47-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">final</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-11" name="__codelineno-47-11" href="#__codelineno-47-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-12" name="__codelineno-47-12" href="#__codelineno-47-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">10000</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-13" name="__codelineno-47-13" href="#__codelineno-47-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-14" name="__codelineno-47-14" href="#__codelineno-47-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の変数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-15" name="__codelineno-47-15" href="#__codelineno-47-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-16" name="__codelineno-47-16" href="#__codelineno-47-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-17" name="__codelineno-47-17" href="#__codelineno-47-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-18" name="__codelineno-47-18" href="#__codelineno-47-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の関数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-19" name="__codelineno-47-19" href="#__codelineno-47-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-20" name="__codelineno-47-20" href="#__codelineno-47-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-21" name="__codelineno-47-21" href="#__codelineno-47-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-47-22" name="__codelineno-47-22" href="#__codelineno-47-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-48-1" name="__codelineno-48-1" href="#__codelineno-48-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-2" name="__codelineno-48-2" href="#__codelineno-48-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-3" name="__codelineno-48-3" href="#__codelineno-48-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 何らかの処理を行う</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-4" name="__codelineno-48-4" href="#__codelineno-48-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-5" name="__codelineno-48-5" href="#__codelineno-48-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-6" name="__codelineno-48-6" href="#__codelineno-48-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-48-7" name="__codelineno-48-7" href="#__codelineno-48-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 定数階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-8" name="__codelineno-48-8" href="#__codelineno-48-8"></a><span class="cp">#[allow(unused)]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-9" name="__codelineno-48-9" href="#__codelineno-48-9"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-10" name="__codelineno-48-10" href="#__codelineno-48-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 定数、変数、オブジェクトは O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-11" name="__codelineno-48-11" href="#__codelineno-48-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">A</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-12" name="__codelineno-48-12" href="#__codelineno-48-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-13" name="__codelineno-48-13" href="#__codelineno-48-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10000</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-14" name="__codelineno-48-14" href="#__codelineno-48-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-15" name="__codelineno-48-15" href="#__codelineno-48-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の変数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-16" name="__codelineno-48-16" href="#__codelineno-48-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-17" name="__codelineno-48-17" href="#__codelineno-48-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-18" name="__codelineno-48-18" href="#__codelineno-48-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-19" name="__codelineno-48-19" href="#__codelineno-48-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の関数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-20" name="__codelineno-48-20" href="#__codelineno-48-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-21" name="__codelineno-48-21" href="#__codelineno-48-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-22" name="__codelineno-48-22" href="#__codelineno-48-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-48-23" name="__codelineno-48-23" href="#__codelineno-48-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-49-1" name="__codelineno-49-1" href="#__codelineno-49-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-2" name="__codelineno-49-2" href="#__codelineno-49-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">func</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-3" name="__codelineno-49-3" href="#__codelineno-49-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 何らかの処理を行う</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-4" name="__codelineno-49-4" href="#__codelineno-49-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-5" name="__codelineno-49-5" href="#__codelineno-49-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-6" name="__codelineno-49-6" href="#__codelineno-49-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-49-7" name="__codelineno-49-7" href="#__codelineno-49-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 定数階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-8" name="__codelineno-49-8" href="#__codelineno-49-8"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-9" name="__codelineno-49-9" href="#__codelineno-49-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 定数、変数、オブジェクトは O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-10" name="__codelineno-49-10" href="#__codelineno-49-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-11" name="__codelineno-49-11" href="#__codelineno-49-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-12" name="__codelineno-49-12" href="#__codelineno-49-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-13" name="__codelineno-49-13" href="#__codelineno-49-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-14" name="__codelineno-49-14" href="#__codelineno-49-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-15" name="__codelineno-49-15" href="#__codelineno-49-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の変数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-16" name="__codelineno-49-16" href="#__codelineno-49-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-17" name="__codelineno-49-17" href="#__codelineno-49-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-18" name="__codelineno-49-18" href="#__codelineno-49-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-19" name="__codelineno-49-19" href="#__codelineno-49-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の関数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-20" name="__codelineno-49-20" href="#__codelineno-49-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-21" name="__codelineno-49-21" href="#__codelineno-49-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-22" name="__codelineno-49-22" href="#__codelineno-49-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-49-23" name="__codelineno-49-23" href="#__codelineno-49-23"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-50-1" name="__codelineno-50-1" href="#__codelineno-50-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 関数 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-2" name="__codelineno-50-2" href="#__codelineno-50-2"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span><span class="p">():</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-3" name="__codelineno-50-3" href="#__codelineno-50-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 何らかの処理を行う</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-4" name="__codelineno-50-4" href="#__codelineno-50-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-5" name="__codelineno-50-5" href="#__codelineno-50-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-6" name="__codelineno-50-6" href="#__codelineno-50-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-50-7" name="__codelineno-50-7" href="#__codelineno-50-7"></a><span class="cm">/* 定数階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-8" name="__codelineno-50-8" href="#__codelineno-50-8"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-9" name="__codelineno-50-9" href="#__codelineno-50-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 定数、変数、オブジェクトは O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-10" name="__codelineno-50-10" href="#__codelineno-50-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-11" name="__codelineno-50-11" href="#__codelineno-50-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">b</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-12" name="__codelineno-50-12" href="#__codelineno-50-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">10000</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-13" name="__codelineno-50-13" href="#__codelineno-50-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-14" name="__codelineno-50-14" href="#__codelineno-50-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の変数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-15" name="__codelineno-50-15" href="#__codelineno-50-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0.</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-16" name="__codelineno-50-16" href="#__codelineno-50-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-17" name="__codelineno-50-17" href="#__codelineno-50-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-18" name="__codelineno-50-18" href="#__codelineno-50-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ループ内の関数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-19" name="__codelineno-50-19" href="#__codelineno-50-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0.</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-20" name="__codelineno-50-20" href="#__codelineno-50-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-21" name="__codelineno-50-21" href="#__codelineno-50-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-50-22" name="__codelineno-50-22" href="#__codelineno-50-22"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-51-1" name="__codelineno-51-1" href="#__codelineno-51-1"></a><span class="c1">### 関数 ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-2" name="__codelineno-51-2" href="#__codelineno-51-2"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">function</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-3" name="__codelineno-51-3" href="#__codelineno-51-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 何らかの処理を行う</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-4" name="__codelineno-51-4" href="#__codelineno-51-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-5" name="__codelineno-51-5" href="#__codelineno-51-5"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-6" name="__codelineno-51-6" href="#__codelineno-51-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-51-7" name="__codelineno-51-7" href="#__codelineno-51-7"></a><span class="c1">### 定数階 ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-8" name="__codelineno-51-8" href="#__codelineno-51-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constant</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-9" name="__codelineno-51-9" href="#__codelineno-51-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 定数、変数、オブジェクトは O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-10" name="__codelineno-51-10" href="#__codelineno-51-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-11" name="__codelineno-51-11" href="#__codelineno-51-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10000</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-12" name="__codelineno-51-12" href="#__codelineno-51-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">node</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">ListNode</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-13" name="__codelineno-51-13" href="#__codelineno-51-13"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-51-14" name="__codelineno-51-14" href="#__codelineno-51-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># ループ内の変数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-15" name="__codelineno-51-15" href="#__codelineno-51-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">each</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-16" name="__codelineno-51-16" href="#__codelineno-51-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># ループ内の関数は O(1) の空間を占める</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-17" name="__codelineno-51-17" href="#__codelineno-51-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">each</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-51-18" name="__codelineno-51-18" href="#__codelineno-51-18"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<details class="pythontutor">
<summary>コードの可視化</summary>
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</details>
<h3 id="2-on">2. &nbsp; 線形階 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#2-on" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>線形階は、要素数が <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> に比例する配列、連結リスト、スタック、キューなどによく現れます。</p>
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-52-1" name="__codelineno-52-1" href="#__codelineno-52-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-52-2" name="__codelineno-52-2" href="#__codelineno-52-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;線形階&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-52-3" name="__codelineno-52-3" href="#__codelineno-52-3"></a> <span class="c1"># 長さ n のリストは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-52-4" name="__codelineno-52-4" href="#__codelineno-52-4"></a> <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span>
<a id="__codelineno-52-5" name="__codelineno-52-5" href="#__codelineno-52-5"></a> <span class="c1"># 長さ n のハッシュテーブルは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-52-6" name="__codelineno-52-6" href="#__codelineno-52-6"></a> <span class="n">hmap</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">]()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-52-7" name="__codelineno-52-7" href="#__codelineno-52-7"></a> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-52-8" name="__codelineno-52-8" href="#__codelineno-52-8"></a> <span class="n">hmap</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-53-1" name="__codelineno-53-1" href="#__codelineno-53-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-53-2" name="__codelineno-53-2" href="#__codelineno-53-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-53-3" name="__codelineno-53-3" href="#__codelineno-53-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n の配列は O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-53-4" name="__codelineno-53-4" href="#__codelineno-53-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-53-5" name="__codelineno-53-5" href="#__codelineno-53-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のリストは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-53-6" name="__codelineno-53-6" href="#__codelineno-53-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-53-7" name="__codelineno-53-7" href="#__codelineno-53-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-53-8" name="__codelineno-53-8" href="#__codelineno-53-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-53-9" name="__codelineno-53-9" href="#__codelineno-53-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-53-10" name="__codelineno-53-10" href="#__codelineno-53-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のハッシュテーブルは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-53-11" name="__codelineno-53-11" href="#__codelineno-53-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">unordered_map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-53-12" name="__codelineno-53-12" href="#__codelineno-53-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-53-13" name="__codelineno-53-13" href="#__codelineno-53-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">to_string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-53-14" name="__codelineno-53-14" href="#__codelineno-53-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-53-15" name="__codelineno-53-15" href="#__codelineno-53-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-54-1" name="__codelineno-54-1" href="#__codelineno-54-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-54-2" name="__codelineno-54-2" href="#__codelineno-54-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-54-3" name="__codelineno-54-3" href="#__codelineno-54-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n の配列は O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-54-4" name="__codelineno-54-4" href="#__codelineno-54-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-54-5" name="__codelineno-54-5" href="#__codelineno-54-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のリストは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-54-6" name="__codelineno-54-6" href="#__codelineno-54-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-54-7" name="__codelineno-54-7" href="#__codelineno-54-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-54-8" name="__codelineno-54-8" href="#__codelineno-54-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-54-9" name="__codelineno-54-9" href="#__codelineno-54-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-54-10" name="__codelineno-54-10" href="#__codelineno-54-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のハッシュテーブルは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-54-11" name="__codelineno-54-11" href="#__codelineno-54-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMap</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-54-12" name="__codelineno-54-12" href="#__codelineno-54-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-54-13" name="__codelineno-54-13" href="#__codelineno-54-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">valueOf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-54-14" name="__codelineno-54-14" href="#__codelineno-54-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-54-15" name="__codelineno-54-15" href="#__codelineno-54-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-55-1" name="__codelineno-55-1" href="#__codelineno-55-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-55-2" name="__codelineno-55-2" href="#__codelineno-55-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-55-3" name="__codelineno-55-3" href="#__codelineno-55-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n の配列は O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-55-4" name="__codelineno-55-4" href="#__codelineno-55-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-55-5" name="__codelineno-55-5" href="#__codelineno-55-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のリストは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-55-6" name="__codelineno-55-6" href="#__codelineno-55-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-55-7" name="__codelineno-55-7" href="#__codelineno-55-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-55-8" name="__codelineno-55-8" href="#__codelineno-55-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-55-9" name="__codelineno-55-9" href="#__codelineno-55-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-55-10" name="__codelineno-55-10" href="#__codelineno-55-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のハッシュテーブルは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-55-11" name="__codelineno-55-11" href="#__codelineno-55-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Dictionary</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-55-12" name="__codelineno-55-12" href="#__codelineno-55-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-55-13" name="__codelineno-55-13" href="#__codelineno-55-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ToString</span><span class="p">());</span>
<a id="__codelineno-55-14" name="__codelineno-55-14" href="#__codelineno-55-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-55-15" name="__codelineno-55-15" href="#__codelineno-55-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-56-1" name="__codelineno-56-1" href="#__codelineno-56-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-56-2" name="__codelineno-56-2" href="#__codelineno-56-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">spaceLinear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-56-3" name="__codelineno-56-3" href="#__codelineno-56-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n の配列は O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-56-4" name="__codelineno-56-4" href="#__codelineno-56-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">_</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-56-5" name="__codelineno-56-5" href="#__codelineno-56-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のリストは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-56-6" name="__codelineno-56-6" href="#__codelineno-56-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">node</span>
<a id="__codelineno-56-7" name="__codelineno-56-7" href="#__codelineno-56-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-56-8" name="__codelineno-56-8" href="#__codelineno-56-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nodes</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">newNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a id="__codelineno-56-9" name="__codelineno-56-9" href="#__codelineno-56-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-56-10" name="__codelineno-56-10" href="#__codelineno-56-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のハッシュテーブルは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-56-11" name="__codelineno-56-11" href="#__codelineno-56-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">map</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="kt">string</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-56-12" name="__codelineno-56-12" href="#__codelineno-56-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-56-13" name="__codelineno-56-13" href="#__codelineno-56-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">m</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">strconv</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Itoa</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-56-14" name="__codelineno-56-14" href="#__codelineno-56-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-56-15" name="__codelineno-56-15" href="#__codelineno-56-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-57-1" name="__codelineno-57-1" href="#__codelineno-57-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-57-2" name="__codelineno-57-2" href="#__codelineno-57-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-57-3" name="__codelineno-57-3" href="#__codelineno-57-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n の配列は O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-57-4" name="__codelineno-57-4" href="#__codelineno-57-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-57-5" name="__codelineno-57-5" href="#__codelineno-57-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のリストは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-57-6" name="__codelineno-57-6" href="#__codelineno-57-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="bp">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">$0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-57-7" name="__codelineno-57-7" href="#__codelineno-57-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のハッシュテーブルは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-57-8" name="__codelineno-57-8" href="#__codelineno-57-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Dictionary</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">uniqueKeysWithValues</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">..</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="bp">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="nv">$0</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">})</span>
<a id="__codelineno-57-9" name="__codelineno-57-9" href="#__codelineno-57-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-58-1" name="__codelineno-58-1" href="#__codelineno-58-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-58-2" name="__codelineno-58-2" href="#__codelineno-58-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-58-3" name="__codelineno-58-3" href="#__codelineno-58-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n の配列は O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-58-4" name="__codelineno-58-4" href="#__codelineno-58-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-58-5" name="__codelineno-58-5" href="#__codelineno-58-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のリストは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-58-6" name="__codelineno-58-6" href="#__codelineno-58-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-58-7" name="__codelineno-58-7" href="#__codelineno-58-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-58-8" name="__codelineno-58-8" href="#__codelineno-58-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-58-9" name="__codelineno-58-9" href="#__codelineno-58-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-58-10" name="__codelineno-58-10" href="#__codelineno-58-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のハッシュテーブルは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-58-11" name="__codelineno-58-11" href="#__codelineno-58-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Map</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-58-12" name="__codelineno-58-12" href="#__codelineno-58-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-58-13" name="__codelineno-58-13" href="#__codelineno-58-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">toString</span><span class="p">());</span>
<a id="__codelineno-58-14" name="__codelineno-58-14" href="#__codelineno-58-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-58-15" name="__codelineno-58-15" href="#__codelineno-58-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-59-1" name="__codelineno-59-1" href="#__codelineno-59-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-59-2" name="__codelineno-59-2" href="#__codelineno-59-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-59-3" name="__codelineno-59-3" href="#__codelineno-59-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n の配列は O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-59-4" name="__codelineno-59-4" href="#__codelineno-59-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-59-5" name="__codelineno-59-5" href="#__codelineno-59-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のリストは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-59-6" name="__codelineno-59-6" href="#__codelineno-59-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nodes</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">ListNode</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-59-7" name="__codelineno-59-7" href="#__codelineno-59-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-59-8" name="__codelineno-59-8" href="#__codelineno-59-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-59-9" name="__codelineno-59-9" href="#__codelineno-59-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-59-10" name="__codelineno-59-10" href="#__codelineno-59-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のハッシュテーブルは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-59-11" name="__codelineno-59-11" href="#__codelineno-59-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Map</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-59-12" name="__codelineno-59-12" href="#__codelineno-59-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-59-13" name="__codelineno-59-13" href="#__codelineno-59-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">toString</span><span class="p">());</span>
<a id="__codelineno-59-14" name="__codelineno-59-14" href="#__codelineno-59-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-59-15" name="__codelineno-59-15" href="#__codelineno-59-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-60-1" name="__codelineno-60-1" href="#__codelineno-60-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-60-2" name="__codelineno-60-2" href="#__codelineno-60-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-60-3" name="__codelineno-60-3" href="#__codelineno-60-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n の配列は O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-60-4" name="__codelineno-60-4" href="#__codelineno-60-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-60-5" name="__codelineno-60-5" href="#__codelineno-60-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のリストは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-60-6" name="__codelineno-60-6" href="#__codelineno-60-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-60-7" name="__codelineno-60-7" href="#__codelineno-60-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-60-8" name="__codelineno-60-8" href="#__codelineno-60-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-60-9" name="__codelineno-60-9" href="#__codelineno-60-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-60-10" name="__codelineno-60-10" href="#__codelineno-60-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のハッシュテーブルは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-60-11" name="__codelineno-60-11" href="#__codelineno-60-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMap</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-60-12" name="__codelineno-60-12" href="#__codelineno-60-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-60-13" name="__codelineno-60-13" href="#__codelineno-60-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">putIfAbsent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">toString</span><span class="p">());</span>
<a id="__codelineno-60-14" name="__codelineno-60-14" href="#__codelineno-60-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-60-15" name="__codelineno-60-15" href="#__codelineno-60-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-61-1" name="__codelineno-61-1" href="#__codelineno-61-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-61-2" name="__codelineno-61-2" href="#__codelineno-61-2"></a><span class="cp">#[allow(unused)]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-61-3" name="__codelineno-61-3" href="#__codelineno-61-3"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-61-4" name="__codelineno-61-4" href="#__codelineno-61-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n の配列は O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-61-5" name="__codelineno-61-5" href="#__codelineno-61-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-61-6" name="__codelineno-61-6" href="#__codelineno-61-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のリストは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-61-7" name="__codelineno-61-7" href="#__codelineno-61-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-61-8" name="__codelineno-61-8" href="#__codelineno-61-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-61-9" name="__codelineno-61-9" href="#__codelineno-61-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a id="__codelineno-61-10" name="__codelineno-61-10" href="#__codelineno-61-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-61-11" name="__codelineno-61-11" href="#__codelineno-61-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のハッシュテーブルは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-61-12" name="__codelineno-61-12" href="#__codelineno-61-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashMap</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-61-13" name="__codelineno-61-13" href="#__codelineno-61-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-61-14" name="__codelineno-61-14" href="#__codelineno-61-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">to_string</span><span class="p">());</span>
<a id="__codelineno-61-15" name="__codelineno-61-15" href="#__codelineno-61-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-61-16" name="__codelineno-61-16" href="#__codelineno-61-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-62-1" name="__codelineno-62-1" href="#__codelineno-62-1"></a><span class="cm">/* ハッシュテーブル */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-2" name="__codelineno-62-2" href="#__codelineno-62-2"></a><span class="k">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-3" name="__codelineno-62-3" href="#__codelineno-62-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-4" name="__codelineno-62-4" href="#__codelineno-62-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">val</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-5" name="__codelineno-62-5" href="#__codelineno-62-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">UT_hash_handle</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hh</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// uthash.h を用いて実装</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-6" name="__codelineno-62-6" href="#__codelineno-62-6"></a><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashTable</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-7" name="__codelineno-62-7" href="#__codelineno-62-7"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-62-8" name="__codelineno-62-8" href="#__codelineno-62-8"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-9" name="__codelineno-62-9" href="#__codelineno-62-9"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-10" name="__codelineno-62-10" href="#__codelineno-62-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n の配列は O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-11" name="__codelineno-62-11" href="#__codelineno-62-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-12" name="__codelineno-62-12" href="#__codelineno-62-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-13" name="__codelineno-62-13" href="#__codelineno-62-13"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-62-14" name="__codelineno-62-14" href="#__codelineno-62-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のリストは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-15" name="__codelineno-62-15" href="#__codelineno-62-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-16" name="__codelineno-62-16" href="#__codelineno-62-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-17" name="__codelineno-62-17" href="#__codelineno-62-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-18" name="__codelineno-62-18" href="#__codelineno-62-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-19" name="__codelineno-62-19" href="#__codelineno-62-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// メモリを解放する</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-20" name="__codelineno-62-20" href="#__codelineno-62-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-21" name="__codelineno-62-21" href="#__codelineno-62-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-22" name="__codelineno-62-22" href="#__codelineno-62-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-23" name="__codelineno-62-23" href="#__codelineno-62-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-24" name="__codelineno-62-24" href="#__codelineno-62-24"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-62-25" name="__codelineno-62-25" href="#__codelineno-62-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のハッシュテーブルは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-26" name="__codelineno-62-26" href="#__codelineno-62-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-27" name="__codelineno-62-27" href="#__codelineno-62-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-28" name="__codelineno-62-28" href="#__codelineno-62-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">HashTable</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-29" name="__codelineno-62-29" href="#__codelineno-62-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-30" name="__codelineno-62-30" href="#__codelineno-62-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-31" name="__codelineno-62-31" href="#__codelineno-62-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH_ADD_INT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-32" name="__codelineno-62-32" href="#__codelineno-62-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-33" name="__codelineno-62-33" href="#__codelineno-62-33"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-62-34" name="__codelineno-62-34" href="#__codelineno-62-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// メモリを解放する</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-35" name="__codelineno-62-35" href="#__codelineno-62-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HashTable</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">curr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-36" name="__codelineno-62-36" href="#__codelineno-62-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH_ITER</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hh</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">curr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-37" name="__codelineno-62-37" href="#__codelineno-62-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">HASH_DEL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">h</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">curr</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-38" name="__codelineno-62-38" href="#__codelineno-62-38"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">curr</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-39" name="__codelineno-62-39" href="#__codelineno-62-39"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-62-40" name="__codelineno-62-40" href="#__codelineno-62-40"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-63-1" name="__codelineno-63-1" href="#__codelineno-63-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-63-2" name="__codelineno-63-2" href="#__codelineno-63-2"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-63-3" name="__codelineno-63-3" href="#__codelineno-63-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n の配列は O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-63-4" name="__codelineno-63-4" href="#__codelineno-63-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-63-5" name="__codelineno-63-5" href="#__codelineno-63-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のリストは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-63-6" name="__codelineno-63-6" href="#__codelineno-63-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nodes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mutableListOf</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-63-7" name="__codelineno-63-7" href="#__codelineno-63-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0.</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-63-8" name="__codelineno-63-8" href="#__codelineno-63-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nodes</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ListNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a id="__codelineno-63-9" name="__codelineno-63-9" href="#__codelineno-63-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-63-10" name="__codelineno-63-10" href="#__codelineno-63-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 長さ n のハッシュテーブルは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-63-11" name="__codelineno-63-11" href="#__codelineno-63-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">map</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mutableMapOf</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">String</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-63-12" name="__codelineno-63-12" href="#__codelineno-63-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0.</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-63-13" name="__codelineno-63-13" href="#__codelineno-63-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">map</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">toString</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-63-14" name="__codelineno-63-14" href="#__codelineno-63-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-63-15" name="__codelineno-63-15" href="#__codelineno-63-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-64-1" name="__codelineno-64-1" href="#__codelineno-64-1"></a><span class="c1">### 線形階 ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-2" name="__codelineno-64-2" href="#__codelineno-64-2"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-3" name="__codelineno-64-3" href="#__codelineno-64-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 長さ n のリストは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-4" name="__codelineno-64-4" href="#__codelineno-64-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-5" name="__codelineno-64-5" href="#__codelineno-64-5"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-64-6" name="__codelineno-64-6" href="#__codelineno-64-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 長さ n のハッシュテーブルは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-7" name="__codelineno-64-7" href="#__codelineno-64-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hmap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-8" name="__codelineno-64-8" href="#__codelineno-64-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">n</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-9" name="__codelineno-64-9" href="#__codelineno-64-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hmap</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to_s</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-10" name="__codelineno-64-10" href="#__codelineno-64-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-64-11" name="__codelineno-64-11" href="#__codelineno-64-11"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<details class="pythontutor">
<summary>コードの可視化</summary>
<p><div style="height: 459px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20linear%28n%3A%20int%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E7%B7%9A%E5%BD%A2%E9%9A%8E%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E9%95%B7%E3%81%95%20n%20%E3%81%AE%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%81%AF%20O%28n%29%20%E3%81%AE%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93%E3%82%92%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B0%5D%20%2A%20n%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E9%95%B7%E3%81%95%20n%20%E3%81%AE%E3%83%8F%E3%83%83%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%86%E3%83%BC%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%81%AF%20O%28n%29%20%E3%81%AE%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93%E3%82%92%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%0A%20%20%20%20hmap%20%3D%20dict%5Bint%2C%20str%5D%28%29%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%28n%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20hmap%5Bi%5D%20%3D%20str%28i%29%0A%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20n%20%3D%205%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%E5%85%A5%E5%8A%9B%E3%83%87%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BA%20n%20%3D%22%2C%20n%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E7%B7%9A%E5%BD%A2%E9%9A%8E%0A%20%20%20%20linear%28n%29&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=20&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20linear%28n%3A%20int%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E7%B7%9A%E5%BD%A2%E9%9A%8E%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E9%95%B7%E3%81%95%20n%20%E3%81%AE%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%81%AF%20O%28n%29%20%E3%81%AE%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93%E3%82%92%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%0A%20%20%20%20nums%20%3D%20%5B0%5D%20%2A%20n%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E9%95%B7%E3%81%95%20n%20%E3%81%AE%E3%83%8F%E3%83%83%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%86%E3%83%BC%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%81%AF%20O%28n%29%20%E3%81%AE%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93%E3%82%92%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%0A%20%20%20%20hmap%20%3D%20dict%5Bint%2C%20str%5D%28%29%0A%20%20%20%20for%20i%20in%20range%28n%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20hmap%5Bi%5D%20%3D%20str%28i%29%0A%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20n%20%3D%205%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%E5%85%A5%E5%8A%9B%E3%83%87%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BA%20n%20%3D%22%2C%20n%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E7%B7%9A%E5%BD%A2%E9%9A%8E%0A%20%20%20%20linear%28n%29&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=20&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">全画面で見る &gt;</a></div></p>
</details>
<p>以下の図に示すように、この関数の再帰の深さは <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> であり、同時に <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> 個の未返却 <code>linear_recur()</code> 関数が存在するため、<span class="arithmatex">\(O(n)\)</span> のスタックフレーム空間を使用します。</p>
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<div class="tabbed-content">
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-65-1" name="__codelineno-65-1" href="#__codelineno-65-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-65-2" name="__codelineno-65-2" href="#__codelineno-65-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;線形時間(再帰実装)&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-65-3" name="__codelineno-65-3" href="#__codelineno-65-3"></a> <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;再帰 n =&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-65-4" name="__codelineno-65-4" href="#__codelineno-65-4"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-65-5" name="__codelineno-65-5" href="#__codelineno-65-5"></a> <span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-65-6" name="__codelineno-65-6" href="#__codelineno-65-6"></a> <span class="n">linear_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-66-1" name="__codelineno-66-1" href="#__codelineno-66-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-66-2" name="__codelineno-66-2" href="#__codelineno-66-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-66-3" name="__codelineno-66-3" href="#__codelineno-66-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;再帰 n = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-66-4" name="__codelineno-66-4" href="#__codelineno-66-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-66-5" name="__codelineno-66-5" href="#__codelineno-66-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-66-6" name="__codelineno-66-6" href="#__codelineno-66-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-66-7" name="__codelineno-66-7" href="#__codelineno-66-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-67-1" name="__codelineno-67-1" href="#__codelineno-67-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-67-2" name="__codelineno-67-2" href="#__codelineno-67-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-67-3" name="__codelineno-67-3" href="#__codelineno-67-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;再帰 n = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-67-4" name="__codelineno-67-4" href="#__codelineno-67-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-67-5" name="__codelineno-67-5" href="#__codelineno-67-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-67-6" name="__codelineno-67-6" href="#__codelineno-67-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-67-7" name="__codelineno-67-7" href="#__codelineno-67-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-68-1" name="__codelineno-68-1" href="#__codelineno-68-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-68-2" name="__codelineno-68-2" href="#__codelineno-68-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">LinearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-68-3" name="__codelineno-68-3" href="#__codelineno-68-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;再帰 n = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-68-4" name="__codelineno-68-4" href="#__codelineno-68-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-68-5" name="__codelineno-68-5" href="#__codelineno-68-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LinearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-68-6" name="__codelineno-68-6" href="#__codelineno-68-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-69-1" name="__codelineno-69-1" href="#__codelineno-69-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-69-2" name="__codelineno-69-2" href="#__codelineno-69-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">spaceLinearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-69-3" name="__codelineno-69-3" href="#__codelineno-69-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;再帰 n =&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-69-4" name="__codelineno-69-4" href="#__codelineno-69-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-69-5" name="__codelineno-69-5" href="#__codelineno-69-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-69-6" name="__codelineno-69-6" href="#__codelineno-69-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-69-7" name="__codelineno-69-7" href="#__codelineno-69-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">spaceLinearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-69-8" name="__codelineno-69-8" href="#__codelineno-69-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-70-1" name="__codelineno-70-1" href="#__codelineno-70-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-70-2" name="__codelineno-70-2" href="#__codelineno-70-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-70-3" name="__codelineno-70-3" href="#__codelineno-70-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;再帰 n = </span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-70-4" name="__codelineno-70-4" href="#__codelineno-70-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-70-5" name="__codelineno-70-5" href="#__codelineno-70-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-70-6" name="__codelineno-70-6" href="#__codelineno-70-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-70-7" name="__codelineno-70-7" href="#__codelineno-70-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-70-8" name="__codelineno-70-8" href="#__codelineno-70-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-71-1" name="__codelineno-71-1" href="#__codelineno-71-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-71-2" name="__codelineno-71-2" href="#__codelineno-71-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-71-3" name="__codelineno-71-3" href="#__codelineno-71-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sb">`再帰 n = </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-71-4" name="__codelineno-71-4" href="#__codelineno-71-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-71-5" name="__codelineno-71-5" href="#__codelineno-71-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-71-6" name="__codelineno-71-6" href="#__codelineno-71-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-72-1" name="__codelineno-72-1" href="#__codelineno-72-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-72-2" name="__codelineno-72-2" href="#__codelineno-72-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-72-3" name="__codelineno-72-3" href="#__codelineno-72-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sb">`再帰 n = </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-72-4" name="__codelineno-72-4" href="#__codelineno-72-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-72-5" name="__codelineno-72-5" href="#__codelineno-72-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-72-6" name="__codelineno-72-6" href="#__codelineno-72-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-73-1" name="__codelineno-73-1" href="#__codelineno-73-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-73-2" name="__codelineno-73-2" href="#__codelineno-73-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-73-3" name="__codelineno-73-3" href="#__codelineno-73-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;再帰 n = </span><span class="si">$</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="s1">&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-73-4" name="__codelineno-73-4" href="#__codelineno-73-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-73-5" name="__codelineno-73-5" href="#__codelineno-73-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-73-6" name="__codelineno-73-6" href="#__codelineno-73-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-74-1" name="__codelineno-74-1" href="#__codelineno-74-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-74-2" name="__codelineno-74-2" href="#__codelineno-74-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-74-3" name="__codelineno-74-3" href="#__codelineno-74-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;再帰 n = {}&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-74-4" name="__codelineno-74-4" href="#__codelineno-74-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-74-5" name="__codelineno-74-5" href="#__codelineno-74-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-74-6" name="__codelineno-74-6" href="#__codelineno-74-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
<a id="__codelineno-74-7" name="__codelineno-74-7" href="#__codelineno-74-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linear_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-74-8" name="__codelineno-74-8" href="#__codelineno-74-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-75-1" name="__codelineno-75-1" href="#__codelineno-75-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-75-2" name="__codelineno-75-2" href="#__codelineno-75-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-75-3" name="__codelineno-75-3" href="#__codelineno-75-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;再帰 n = %d</span><span class="se">\r\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-75-4" name="__codelineno-75-4" href="#__codelineno-75-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-75-5" name="__codelineno-75-5" href="#__codelineno-75-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-75-6" name="__codelineno-75-6" href="#__codelineno-75-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-75-7" name="__codelineno-75-7" href="#__codelineno-75-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-76-1" name="__codelineno-76-1" href="#__codelineno-76-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 線形時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-76-2" name="__codelineno-76-2" href="#__codelineno-76-2"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-76-3" name="__codelineno-76-3" href="#__codelineno-76-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;再帰 n = </span><span class="si">$</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-76-4" name="__codelineno-76-4" href="#__codelineno-76-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-76-5" name="__codelineno-76-5" href="#__codelineno-76-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span>
<a id="__codelineno-76-6" name="__codelineno-76-6" href="#__codelineno-76-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linearRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-76-7" name="__codelineno-76-7" href="#__codelineno-76-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-77-1" name="__codelineno-77-1" href="#__codelineno-77-1"></a><span class="c1">### 線形階 ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-2" name="__codelineno-77-2" href="#__codelineno-77-2"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-3" name="__codelineno-77-3" href="#__codelineno-77-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 長さ n のリストは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-4" name="__codelineno-77-4" href="#__codelineno-77-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-5" name="__codelineno-77-5" href="#__codelineno-77-5"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-77-6" name="__codelineno-77-6" href="#__codelineno-77-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 長さ n のハッシュテーブルは O(n) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-7" name="__codelineno-77-7" href="#__codelineno-77-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hmap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-8" name="__codelineno-77-8" href="#__codelineno-77-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="n">n</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-9" name="__codelineno-77-9" href="#__codelineno-77-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hmap</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to_s</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-10" name="__codelineno-77-10" href="#__codelineno-77-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-11" name="__codelineno-77-11" href="#__codelineno-77-11"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-12" name="__codelineno-77-12" href="#__codelineno-77-12"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-77-13" name="__codelineno-77-13" href="#__codelineno-77-13"></a><span class="c1"># ## 線形階(再帰実装)###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-14" name="__codelineno-77-14" href="#__codelineno-77-14"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">linear_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-15" name="__codelineno-77-15" href="#__codelineno-77-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">puts</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;再帰 n = </span><span class="si">#{</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-16" name="__codelineno-77-16" href="#__codelineno-77-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-17" name="__codelineno-77-17" href="#__codelineno-77-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">linear_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-77-18" name="__codelineno-77-18" href="#__codelineno-77-18"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<details class="pythontutor">
<summary>コードの可視化</summary>
<p><div style="height: 423px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20linear_recur%28n%3A%20int%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E7%B7%9A%E5%BD%A2%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%EF%BC%88%E5%86%8D%E5%B8%B0%E5%AE%9F%E8%A3%85%EF%BC%89%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%E5%86%8D%E5%B8%B0%20n%20%3D%22%2C%20n%29%0A%20%20%20%20if%20n%20%3D%3D%201%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%0A%20%20%20%20linear_recur%28n%20-%201%29%0A%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20n%20%3D%205%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%E5%85%A5%E5%8A%9B%E3%83%87%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BA%20n%20%3D%22%2C%20n%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E7%B7%9A%E5%BD%A2%E9%9A%8E%0A%20%20%20%20linear_recur%28n%29&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=25&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
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</details>
<p><img alt="再帰関数が生み出す線形階の空間計算量" class="animation-figure" src="../space_complexity.assets/space_complexity_recursive_linear.png" /></p>
<p align="center"> 図 2-17 &nbsp; 再帰関数が生み出す線形階の空間計算量 </p>
<h3 id="3-on2">3. &nbsp; 平方階 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n^2)\)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#3-on2" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>平方階は、要素数が <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> の二乗に比例する行列やグラフによく現れます。</p>
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-78-1" name="__codelineno-78-1" href="#__codelineno-78-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span>
<a id="__codelineno-78-2" name="__codelineno-78-2" href="#__codelineno-78-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;二乗階&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-78-3" name="__codelineno-78-3" href="#__codelineno-78-3"></a> <span class="c1"># 二次元リストは O(n^2) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-78-4" name="__codelineno-78-4" href="#__codelineno-78-4"></a> <span class="n">num_matrix</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)]</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-79-1" name="__codelineno-79-1" href="#__codelineno-79-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二乗階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-79-2" name="__codelineno-79-2" href="#__codelineno-79-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-79-3" name="__codelineno-79-3" href="#__codelineno-79-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 二次元リストは O(n^2) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-79-4" name="__codelineno-79-4" href="#__codelineno-79-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-79-5" name="__codelineno-79-5" href="#__codelineno-79-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-79-6" name="__codelineno-79-6" href="#__codelineno-79-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-79-7" name="__codelineno-79-7" href="#__codelineno-79-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-79-8" name="__codelineno-79-8" href="#__codelineno-79-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-79-9" name="__codelineno-79-9" href="#__codelineno-79-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-79-10" name="__codelineno-79-10" href="#__codelineno-79-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push_back</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-79-11" name="__codelineno-79-11" href="#__codelineno-79-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-79-12" name="__codelineno-79-12" href="#__codelineno-79-12"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-80-1" name="__codelineno-80-1" href="#__codelineno-80-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二乗階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-80-2" name="__codelineno-80-2" href="#__codelineno-80-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-80-3" name="__codelineno-80-3" href="#__codelineno-80-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 行列は O(n^2) の空間を使用する</span>
<a id="__codelineno-80-4" name="__codelineno-80-4" href="#__codelineno-80-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[][]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">][</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-80-5" name="__codelineno-80-5" href="#__codelineno-80-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 二次元リストは O(n^2) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-80-6" name="__codelineno-80-6" href="#__codelineno-80-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-80-7" name="__codelineno-80-7" href="#__codelineno-80-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-80-8" name="__codelineno-80-8" href="#__codelineno-80-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Integer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ArrayList</span><span class="o">&lt;&gt;</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-80-9" name="__codelineno-80-9" href="#__codelineno-80-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-80-10" name="__codelineno-80-10" href="#__codelineno-80-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-80-11" name="__codelineno-80-11" href="#__codelineno-80-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-80-12" name="__codelineno-80-12" href="#__codelineno-80-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-80-13" name="__codelineno-80-13" href="#__codelineno-80-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-80-14" name="__codelineno-80-14" href="#__codelineno-80-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-81-1" name="__codelineno-81-1" href="#__codelineno-81-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二乗階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-81-2" name="__codelineno-81-2" href="#__codelineno-81-2"></a><span class="k">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-81-3" name="__codelineno-81-3" href="#__codelineno-81-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 行列は O(n^2) の空間を使用する</span>
<a id="__codelineno-81-4" name="__codelineno-81-4" href="#__codelineno-81-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[,]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-81-5" name="__codelineno-81-5" href="#__codelineno-81-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 二次元リストは O(n^2) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-81-6" name="__codelineno-81-6" href="#__codelineno-81-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-81-7" name="__codelineno-81-7" href="#__codelineno-81-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-81-8" name="__codelineno-81-8" href="#__codelineno-81-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-81-9" name="__codelineno-81-9" href="#__codelineno-81-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-81-10" name="__codelineno-81-10" href="#__codelineno-81-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-81-11" name="__codelineno-81-11" href="#__codelineno-81-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-81-12" name="__codelineno-81-12" href="#__codelineno-81-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-81-13" name="__codelineno-81-13" href="#__codelineno-81-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-81-14" name="__codelineno-81-14" href="#__codelineno-81-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-82-1" name="__codelineno-82-1" href="#__codelineno-82-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二乗階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-82-2" name="__codelineno-82-2" href="#__codelineno-82-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">spaceQuadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-82-3" name="__codelineno-82-3" href="#__codelineno-82-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 行列は O(n^2) の空間を使用する</span>
<a id="__codelineno-82-4" name="__codelineno-82-4" href="#__codelineno-82-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">numMatrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([][]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-82-5" name="__codelineno-82-5" href="#__codelineno-82-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-82-6" name="__codelineno-82-6" href="#__codelineno-82-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">numMatrix</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-82-7" name="__codelineno-82-7" href="#__codelineno-82-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-82-8" name="__codelineno-82-8" href="#__codelineno-82-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-83-1" name="__codelineno-83-1" href="#__codelineno-83-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二乗階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-83-2" name="__codelineno-83-2" href="#__codelineno-83-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-83-3" name="__codelineno-83-3" href="#__codelineno-83-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 二次元リストは O(n^2) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-83-4" name="__codelineno-83-4" href="#__codelineno-83-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">numList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-83-5" name="__codelineno-83-5" href="#__codelineno-83-5"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-84-1" name="__codelineno-84-1" href="#__codelineno-84-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二乗階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-84-2" name="__codelineno-84-2" href="#__codelineno-84-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-84-3" name="__codelineno-84-3" href="#__codelineno-84-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 行列は O(n^2) の空間を使用する</span>
<a id="__codelineno-84-4" name="__codelineno-84-4" href="#__codelineno-84-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">numMatrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-84-5" name="__codelineno-84-5" href="#__codelineno-84-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-84-6" name="__codelineno-84-6" href="#__codelineno-84-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-84-7" name="__codelineno-84-7" href="#__codelineno-84-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 二次元リストは O(n^2) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-84-8" name="__codelineno-84-8" href="#__codelineno-84-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">numList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-84-9" name="__codelineno-84-9" href="#__codelineno-84-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-84-10" name="__codelineno-84-10" href="#__codelineno-84-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-84-11" name="__codelineno-84-11" href="#__codelineno-84-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-84-12" name="__codelineno-84-12" href="#__codelineno-84-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-84-13" name="__codelineno-84-13" href="#__codelineno-84-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-84-14" name="__codelineno-84-14" href="#__codelineno-84-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">numList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-84-15" name="__codelineno-84-15" href="#__codelineno-84-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-84-16" name="__codelineno-84-16" href="#__codelineno-84-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-85-1" name="__codelineno-85-1" href="#__codelineno-85-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二乗階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-85-2" name="__codelineno-85-2" href="#__codelineno-85-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-85-3" name="__codelineno-85-3" href="#__codelineno-85-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 行列は O(n^2) の空間を使用する</span>
<a id="__codelineno-85-4" name="__codelineno-85-4" href="#__codelineno-85-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">numMatrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-85-5" name="__codelineno-85-5" href="#__codelineno-85-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-85-6" name="__codelineno-85-6" href="#__codelineno-85-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">map</span><span class="p">(()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">).</span><span class="nx">fill</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-85-7" name="__codelineno-85-7" href="#__codelineno-85-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 二次元リストは O(n^2) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-85-8" name="__codelineno-85-8" href="#__codelineno-85-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">numList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-85-9" name="__codelineno-85-9" href="#__codelineno-85-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-85-10" name="__codelineno-85-10" href="#__codelineno-85-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-85-11" name="__codelineno-85-11" href="#__codelineno-85-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-85-12" name="__codelineno-85-12" href="#__codelineno-85-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-85-13" name="__codelineno-85-13" href="#__codelineno-85-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-85-14" name="__codelineno-85-14" href="#__codelineno-85-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">numList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-85-15" name="__codelineno-85-15" href="#__codelineno-85-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-85-16" name="__codelineno-85-16" href="#__codelineno-85-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-86-1" name="__codelineno-86-1" href="#__codelineno-86-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二乗階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-86-2" name="__codelineno-86-2" href="#__codelineno-86-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-86-3" name="__codelineno-86-3" href="#__codelineno-86-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 行列は O(n^2) の空間を使用する</span>
<a id="__codelineno-86-4" name="__codelineno-86-4" href="#__codelineno-86-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">generate</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">));</span>
<a id="__codelineno-86-5" name="__codelineno-86-5" href="#__codelineno-86-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 二次元リストは O(n^2) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-86-6" name="__codelineno-86-6" href="#__codelineno-86-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-86-7" name="__codelineno-86-7" href="#__codelineno-86-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kd">var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-86-8" name="__codelineno-86-8" href="#__codelineno-86-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-86-9" name="__codelineno-86-9" href="#__codelineno-86-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-86-10" name="__codelineno-86-10" href="#__codelineno-86-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-86-11" name="__codelineno-86-11" href="#__codelineno-86-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-86-12" name="__codelineno-86-12" href="#__codelineno-86-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-86-13" name="__codelineno-86-13" href="#__codelineno-86-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-86-14" name="__codelineno-86-14" href="#__codelineno-86-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-87-1" name="__codelineno-87-1" href="#__codelineno-87-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二乗階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-87-2" name="__codelineno-87-2" href="#__codelineno-87-2"></a><span class="cp">#[allow(unused)]</span>
<a id="__codelineno-87-3" name="__codelineno-87-3" href="#__codelineno-87-3"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-87-4" name="__codelineno-87-4" href="#__codelineno-87-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 行列は O(n^2) の空間を使用する</span>
<a id="__codelineno-87-5" name="__codelineno-87-5" href="#__codelineno-87-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num_matrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-87-6" name="__codelineno-87-6" href="#__codelineno-87-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 二次元リストは O(n^2) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-87-7" name="__codelineno-87-7" href="#__codelineno-87-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num_list</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-87-8" name="__codelineno-87-8" href="#__codelineno-87-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-87-9" name="__codelineno-87-9" href="#__codelineno-87-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">mut</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Vec</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">();</span>
<a id="__codelineno-87-10" name="__codelineno-87-10" href="#__codelineno-87-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-87-11" name="__codelineno-87-11" href="#__codelineno-87-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-87-12" name="__codelineno-87-12" href="#__codelineno-87-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-87-13" name="__codelineno-87-13" href="#__codelineno-87-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num_list</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-87-14" name="__codelineno-87-14" href="#__codelineno-87-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-87-15" name="__codelineno-87-15" href="#__codelineno-87-15"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-88-1" name="__codelineno-88-1" href="#__codelineno-88-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二乗階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-88-2" name="__codelineno-88-2" href="#__codelineno-88-2"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-88-3" name="__codelineno-88-3" href="#__codelineno-88-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 二次元リストは O(n^2) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-88-4" name="__codelineno-88-4" href="#__codelineno-88-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-88-5" name="__codelineno-88-5" href="#__codelineno-88-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-88-6" name="__codelineno-88-6" href="#__codelineno-88-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-88-7" name="__codelineno-88-7" href="#__codelineno-88-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">j</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-88-8" name="__codelineno-88-8" href="#__codelineno-88-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-88-9" name="__codelineno-88-9" href="#__codelineno-88-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-88-10" name="__codelineno-88-10" href="#__codelineno-88-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-88-11" name="__codelineno-88-11" href="#__codelineno-88-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-88-12" name="__codelineno-88-12" href="#__codelineno-88-12"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-88-13" name="__codelineno-88-13" href="#__codelineno-88-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// メモリを解放する</span>
<a id="__codelineno-88-14" name="__codelineno-88-14" href="#__codelineno-88-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-88-15" name="__codelineno-88-15" href="#__codelineno-88-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-88-16" name="__codelineno-88-16" href="#__codelineno-88-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-88-17" name="__codelineno-88-17" href="#__codelineno-88-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">numMatrix</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-88-18" name="__codelineno-88-18" href="#__codelineno-88-18"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-89-1" name="__codelineno-89-1" href="#__codelineno-89-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二乗階 */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-89-2" name="__codelineno-89-2" href="#__codelineno-89-2"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-89-3" name="__codelineno-89-3" href="#__codelineno-89-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 行列は O(n^2) の空間を使用する</span>
<a id="__codelineno-89-4" name="__codelineno-89-4" href="#__codelineno-89-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">numMatrix</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">arrayOfNulls</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="o">&gt;?&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-89-5" name="__codelineno-89-5" href="#__codelineno-89-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 二次元リストは O(n^2) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-89-6" name="__codelineno-89-6" href="#__codelineno-89-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">numList</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mutableListOf</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">MutableList</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-89-7" name="__codelineno-89-7" href="#__codelineno-89-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0.</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-89-8" name="__codelineno-89-8" href="#__codelineno-89-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">tmp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mutableListOf</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-89-9" name="__codelineno-89-9" href="#__codelineno-89-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">in</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0.</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-89-10" name="__codelineno-89-10" href="#__codelineno-89-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-89-11" name="__codelineno-89-11" href="#__codelineno-89-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-89-12" name="__codelineno-89-12" href="#__codelineno-89-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">numList</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmp</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-89-13" name="__codelineno-89-13" href="#__codelineno-89-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-89-14" name="__codelineno-89-14" href="#__codelineno-89-14"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-90-1" name="__codelineno-90-1" href="#__codelineno-90-1"></a><span class="c1">### 平方階 ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-90-2" name="__codelineno-90-2" href="#__codelineno-90-2"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-90-3" name="__codelineno-90-3" href="#__codelineno-90-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 二次元リストは O(n^2) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-90-4" name="__codelineno-90-4" href="#__codelineno-90-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-90-5" name="__codelineno-90-5" href="#__codelineno-90-5"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<details class="pythontutor">
<summary>コードの可視化</summary>
<p><div style="height: 387px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=def%20quadratic%28n%3A%20int%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E4%BA%8C%E4%B9%97%E9%9A%8E%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%83%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%81%AF%20O%28n%5E2%29%20%E3%81%AE%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93%E3%82%92%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%0A%20%20%20%20num_matrix%20%3D%20%5B%5B0%5D%20%2A%20n%20for%20_%20in%20range%28n%29%5D%0A%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20n%20%3D%205%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%E5%85%A5%E5%8A%9B%E3%83%87%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BA%20n%20%3D%22%2C%20n%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E4%BA%8C%E4%B9%97%E9%9A%8E%0A%20%20%20%20quadratic%28n%29&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=16&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
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</details>
<p>以下の図に示すように、この関数の再帰の深さは <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> であり、各再帰関数の中で長さがそれぞれ <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span><span class="arithmatex">\(n-1\)</span><span class="arithmatex">\(\dots\)</span><span class="arithmatex">\(2\)</span><span class="arithmatex">\(1\)</span> の配列を初期化しています。平均長は <span class="arithmatex">\(n / 2\)</span> なので、全体では <span class="arithmatex">\(O(n^2)\)</span> の空間を占有します。</p>
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-91-1" name="__codelineno-91-1" href="#__codelineno-91-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-91-2" name="__codelineno-91-2" href="#__codelineno-91-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;二次時間(再帰実装)&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-91-3" name="__codelineno-91-3" href="#__codelineno-91-3"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">&lt;=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-91-4" name="__codelineno-91-4" href="#__codelineno-91-4"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-91-5" name="__codelineno-91-5" href="#__codelineno-91-5"></a> <span class="c1"># 配列 nums の長さは n, n-1, ..., 2, 1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-91-6" name="__codelineno-91-6" href="#__codelineno-91-6"></a> <span class="n">nums</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">n</span>
<a id="__codelineno-91-7" name="__codelineno-91-7" href="#__codelineno-91-7"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">quadratic_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-92-1" name="__codelineno-92-1" href="#__codelineno-92-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二次時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-92-2" name="__codelineno-92-2" href="#__codelineno-92-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-92-3" name="__codelineno-92-3" href="#__codelineno-92-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-92-4" name="__codelineno-92-4" href="#__codelineno-92-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-92-5" name="__codelineno-92-5" href="#__codelineno-92-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-92-6" name="__codelineno-92-6" href="#__codelineno-92-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">cout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;再帰 n = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; における nums の長さ = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-92-7" name="__codelineno-92-7" href="#__codelineno-92-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-92-8" name="__codelineno-92-8" href="#__codelineno-92-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-93-1" name="__codelineno-93-1" href="#__codelineno-93-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二次時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-93-2" name="__codelineno-93-2" href="#__codelineno-93-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-93-3" name="__codelineno-93-3" href="#__codelineno-93-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-93-4" name="__codelineno-93-4" href="#__codelineno-93-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-93-5" name="__codelineno-93-5" href="#__codelineno-93-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 配列 nums の長さは n, n-1, ..., 2, 1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-93-6" name="__codelineno-93-6" href="#__codelineno-93-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="o">]</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-93-7" name="__codelineno-93-7" href="#__codelineno-93-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">System</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">out</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;再帰 n = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; における nums の長さ = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">length</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-93-8" name="__codelineno-93-8" href="#__codelineno-93-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-93-9" name="__codelineno-93-9" href="#__codelineno-93-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-94-1" name="__codelineno-94-1" href="#__codelineno-94-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二次時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-94-2" name="__codelineno-94-2" href="#__codelineno-94-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">QuadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-94-3" name="__codelineno-94-3" href="#__codelineno-94-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-94-4" name="__codelineno-94-4" href="#__codelineno-94-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-94-5" name="__codelineno-94-5" href="#__codelineno-94-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">WriteLine</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;再帰 n = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot; における nums の長さ = &quot;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">Length</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-94-6" name="__codelineno-94-6" href="#__codelineno-94-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">QuadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-94-7" name="__codelineno-94-7" href="#__codelineno-94-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-95-1" name="__codelineno-95-1" href="#__codelineno-95-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二次時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-95-2" name="__codelineno-95-2" href="#__codelineno-95-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">spaceQuadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-95-3" name="__codelineno-95-3" href="#__codelineno-95-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-95-4" name="__codelineno-95-4" href="#__codelineno-95-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-95-5" name="__codelineno-95-5" href="#__codelineno-95-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-95-6" name="__codelineno-95-6" href="#__codelineno-95-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">make</span><span class="p">([]</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-95-7" name="__codelineno-95-7" href="#__codelineno-95-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">fmt</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;再帰 n = %d における nums の長さ = %d \n&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">))</span>
<a id="__codelineno-95-8" name="__codelineno-95-8" href="#__codelineno-95-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">spaceQuadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-95-9" name="__codelineno-95-9" href="#__codelineno-95-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-96-1" name="__codelineno-96-1" href="#__codelineno-96-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二次時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-96-2" name="__codelineno-96-2" href="#__codelineno-96-2"></a><span class="p">@</span><span class="n">discardableResult</span>
<a id="__codelineno-96-3" name="__codelineno-96-3" href="#__codelineno-96-3"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-96-4" name="__codelineno-96-4" href="#__codelineno-96-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-96-5" name="__codelineno-96-5" href="#__codelineno-96-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-96-6" name="__codelineno-96-6" href="#__codelineno-96-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-96-7" name="__codelineno-96-7" href="#__codelineno-96-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 配列 nums の長さは n, n-1, ..., 2, 1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-96-8" name="__codelineno-96-8" href="#__codelineno-96-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">repeating</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-96-9" name="__codelineno-96-9" href="#__codelineno-96-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;再帰 n = </span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s"> における nums の長さ = </span><span class="si">\(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="bp">count</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-96-10" name="__codelineno-96-10" href="#__codelineno-96-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-96-11" name="__codelineno-96-11" href="#__codelineno-96-11"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-97-1" name="__codelineno-97-1" href="#__codelineno-97-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二次時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-97-2" name="__codelineno-97-2" href="#__codelineno-97-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-97-3" name="__codelineno-97-3" href="#__codelineno-97-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-97-4" name="__codelineno-97-4" href="#__codelineno-97-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-97-5" name="__codelineno-97-5" href="#__codelineno-97-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sb">`再帰 n = </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb"> における nums の長さ = </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-97-6" name="__codelineno-97-6" href="#__codelineno-97-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-97-7" name="__codelineno-97-7" href="#__codelineno-97-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-98-1" name="__codelineno-98-1" href="#__codelineno-98-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二次時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-98-2" name="__codelineno-98-2" href="#__codelineno-98-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-98-3" name="__codelineno-98-3" href="#__codelineno-98-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-98-4" name="__codelineno-98-4" href="#__codelineno-98-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-98-5" name="__codelineno-98-5" href="#__codelineno-98-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">console</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">log</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sb">`再帰 n = </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb"> における nums の長さ = </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="nx">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">length</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="sb">`</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-98-6" name="__codelineno-98-6" href="#__codelineno-98-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-98-7" name="__codelineno-98-7" href="#__codelineno-98-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-99-1" name="__codelineno-99-1" href="#__codelineno-99-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二次時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-99-2" name="__codelineno-99-2" href="#__codelineno-99-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-99-3" name="__codelineno-99-3" href="#__codelineno-99-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-99-4" name="__codelineno-99-4" href="#__codelineno-99-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">List</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">filled</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-99-5" name="__codelineno-99-5" href="#__codelineno-99-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;再帰 n = </span><span class="si">$</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="s1"> における nums の長さ = </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">length</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s1">&#39;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-99-6" name="__codelineno-99-6" href="#__codelineno-99-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-99-7" name="__codelineno-99-7" href="#__codelineno-99-7"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-100-1" name="__codelineno-100-1" href="#__codelineno-100-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二次時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-100-2" name="__codelineno-100-2" href="#__codelineno-100-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-100-3" name="__codelineno-100-3" href="#__codelineno-100-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-100-4" name="__codelineno-100-4" href="#__codelineno-100-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-100-5" name="__codelineno-100-5" href="#__codelineno-100-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
<a id="__codelineno-100-6" name="__codelineno-100-6" href="#__codelineno-100-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 配列 nums の長さは n, n-1, ..., 2, 1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-100-7" name="__codelineno-100-7" href="#__codelineno-100-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">vec!</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">usize</span><span class="p">];</span>
<a id="__codelineno-100-8" name="__codelineno-100-8" href="#__codelineno-100-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="fm">println!</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;再帰 n = {} における nums の長さ = {}&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">len</span><span class="p">());</span>
<a id="__codelineno-100-9" name="__codelineno-100-9" href="#__codelineno-100-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadratic_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-100-10" name="__codelineno-100-10" href="#__codelineno-100-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-101-1" name="__codelineno-101-1" href="#__codelineno-101-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二次時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-101-2" name="__codelineno-101-2" href="#__codelineno-101-2"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-101-3" name="__codelineno-101-3" href="#__codelineno-101-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-101-4" name="__codelineno-101-4" href="#__codelineno-101-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-101-5" name="__codelineno-101-5" href="#__codelineno-101-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">malloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-101-6" name="__codelineno-101-6" href="#__codelineno-101-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">printf</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;再帰 n = %d における nums の長さ = %d</span><span class="se">\r\n</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-101-7" name="__codelineno-101-7" href="#__codelineno-101-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-101-8" name="__codelineno-101-8" href="#__codelineno-101-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-101-9" name="__codelineno-101-9" href="#__codelineno-101-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-101-10" name="__codelineno-101-10" href="#__codelineno-101-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-102-1" name="__codelineno-102-1" href="#__codelineno-102-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 二次時間(再帰実装) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-102-2" name="__codelineno-102-2" href="#__codelineno-102-2"></a><span class="kd">tailrec</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-102-3" name="__codelineno-102-3" href="#__codelineno-102-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-102-4" name="__codelineno-102-4" href="#__codelineno-102-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-102-5" name="__codelineno-102-5" href="#__codelineno-102-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// 配列 nums の長さは n, n-1, ..., 2, 1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-102-6" name="__codelineno-102-6" href="#__codelineno-102-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-102-7" name="__codelineno-102-7" href="#__codelineno-102-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;再帰 n = </span><span class="si">$</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="s"> における nums の長さ = </span><span class="si">${</span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">size</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-102-8" name="__codelineno-102-8" href="#__codelineno-102-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadraticRecur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-102-9" name="__codelineno-102-9" href="#__codelineno-102-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-103-1" name="__codelineno-103-1" href="#__codelineno-103-1"></a><span class="c1">### 平方階 ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-103-2" name="__codelineno-103-2" href="#__codelineno-103-2"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-103-3" name="__codelineno-103-3" href="#__codelineno-103-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 二次元リストは O(n^2) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-103-4" name="__codelineno-103-4" href="#__codelineno-103-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-103-5" name="__codelineno-103-5" href="#__codelineno-103-5"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-103-6" name="__codelineno-103-6" href="#__codelineno-103-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-103-7" name="__codelineno-103-7" href="#__codelineno-103-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## 平方階(再帰実装)###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-103-8" name="__codelineno-103-8" href="#__codelineno-103-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-103-9" name="__codelineno-103-9" href="#__codelineno-103-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">unless</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-103-10" name="__codelineno-103-10" href="#__codelineno-103-10"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-103-11" name="__codelineno-103-11" href="#__codelineno-103-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 配列 nums の長さは n, n-1, ..., 2, 1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-103-12" name="__codelineno-103-12" href="#__codelineno-103-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-103-13" name="__codelineno-103-13" href="#__codelineno-103-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadratic_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-103-14" name="__codelineno-103-14" href="#__codelineno-103-14"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
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</details>
<p><img alt="再帰関数が生み出す平方階の空間計算量" class="animation-figure" src="../space_complexity.assets/space_complexity_recursive_quadratic.png" /></p>
<p align="center"> 図 2-18 &nbsp; 再帰関数が生み出す平方階の空間計算量 </p>
<h3 id="4-o2n">4. &nbsp; 指数階 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(2^n)\)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#4-o2n" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>指数階は二分木によく現れます。以下の図を見ると、高さが <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> の「満二分木」のノード数は <span class="arithmatex">\(2^n - 1\)</span> であり、<span class="arithmatex">\(O(2^n)\)</span> の空間を占有します。</p>
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<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-104-1" name="__codelineno-104-1" href="#__codelineno-104-1"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span> <span class="o">|</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-104-2" name="__codelineno-104-2" href="#__codelineno-104-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">&quot;&quot;&quot;指数時間(完全二分木の構築)&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-104-3" name="__codelineno-104-3" href="#__codelineno-104-3"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-104-4" name="__codelineno-104-4" href="#__codelineno-104-4"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
<a id="__codelineno-104-5" name="__codelineno-104-5" href="#__codelineno-104-5"></a> <span class="n">root</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-104-6" name="__codelineno-104-6" href="#__codelineno-104-6"></a> <span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-104-7" name="__codelineno-104-7" href="#__codelineno-104-7"></a> <span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-104-8" name="__codelineno-104-8" href="#__codelineno-104-8"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">root</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-105-1" name="__codelineno-105-1" href="#__codelineno-105-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数時間(完全二分木の構築) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-105-2" name="__codelineno-105-2" href="#__codelineno-105-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-105-3" name="__codelineno-105-3" href="#__codelineno-105-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-105-4" name="__codelineno-105-4" href="#__codelineno-105-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-105-5" name="__codelineno-105-5" href="#__codelineno-105-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-105-6" name="__codelineno-105-6" href="#__codelineno-105-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-105-7" name="__codelineno-105-7" href="#__codelineno-105-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-105-8" name="__codelineno-105-8" href="#__codelineno-105-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-105-9" name="__codelineno-105-9" href="#__codelineno-105-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.java</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-106-1" name="__codelineno-106-1" href="#__codelineno-106-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数時間(完全二分木の構築) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-106-2" name="__codelineno-106-2" href="#__codelineno-106-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-106-3" name="__codelineno-106-3" href="#__codelineno-106-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-106-4" name="__codelineno-106-4" href="#__codelineno-106-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-106-5" name="__codelineno-106-5" href="#__codelineno-106-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-106-6" name="__codelineno-106-6" href="#__codelineno-106-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-106-7" name="__codelineno-106-7" href="#__codelineno-106-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-106-8" name="__codelineno-106-8" href="#__codelineno-106-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-106-9" name="__codelineno-106-9" href="#__codelineno-106-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.cs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-107-1" name="__codelineno-107-1" href="#__codelineno-107-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数時間(完全二分木の構築) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-107-2" name="__codelineno-107-2" href="#__codelineno-107-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BuildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-107-3" name="__codelineno-107-3" href="#__codelineno-107-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-107-4" name="__codelineno-107-4" href="#__codelineno-107-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-107-5" name="__codelineno-107-5" href="#__codelineno-107-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BuildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span>
<a id="__codelineno-107-6" name="__codelineno-107-6" href="#__codelineno-107-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BuildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-107-7" name="__codelineno-107-7" href="#__codelineno-107-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
<a id="__codelineno-107-8" name="__codelineno-107-8" href="#__codelineno-107-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-107-9" name="__codelineno-107-9" href="#__codelineno-107-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.go</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-108-1" name="__codelineno-108-1" href="#__codelineno-108-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数時間(完全二分木の構築) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-108-2" name="__codelineno-108-2" href="#__codelineno-108-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-108-3" name="__codelineno-108-3" href="#__codelineno-108-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-108-4" name="__codelineno-108-4" href="#__codelineno-108-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
<a id="__codelineno-108-5" name="__codelineno-108-5" href="#__codelineno-108-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-108-6" name="__codelineno-108-6" href="#__codelineno-108-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">NewTreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-108-7" name="__codelineno-108-7" href="#__codelineno-108-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-108-8" name="__codelineno-108-8" href="#__codelineno-108-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">Right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-108-9" name="__codelineno-108-9" href="#__codelineno-108-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span>
<a id="__codelineno-108-10" name="__codelineno-108-10" href="#__codelineno-108-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.swift</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-109-1" name="__codelineno-109-1" href="#__codelineno-109-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数時間(完全二分木の構築) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-109-2" name="__codelineno-109-2" href="#__codelineno-109-2"></a><span class="kd">func</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Int</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-109-3" name="__codelineno-109-3" href="#__codelineno-109-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-109-4" name="__codelineno-109-4" href="#__codelineno-109-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">nil</span>
<a id="__codelineno-109-5" name="__codelineno-109-5" href="#__codelineno-109-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-109-6" name="__codelineno-109-6" href="#__codelineno-109-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-109-7" name="__codelineno-109-7" href="#__codelineno-109-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-109-8" name="__codelineno-109-8" href="#__codelineno-109-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="kr">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-109-9" name="__codelineno-109-9" href="#__codelineno-109-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span>
<a id="__codelineno-109-10" name="__codelineno-109-10" href="#__codelineno-109-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.js</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-110-1" name="__codelineno-110-1" href="#__codelineno-110-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数時間(完全二分木の構築) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-110-2" name="__codelineno-110-2" href="#__codelineno-110-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-110-3" name="__codelineno-110-3" href="#__codelineno-110-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-110-4" name="__codelineno-110-4" href="#__codelineno-110-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-110-5" name="__codelineno-110-5" href="#__codelineno-110-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-110-6" name="__codelineno-110-6" href="#__codelineno-110-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-110-7" name="__codelineno-110-7" href="#__codelineno-110-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-110-8" name="__codelineno-110-8" href="#__codelineno-110-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.ts</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-111-1" name="__codelineno-111-1" href="#__codelineno-111-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数時間(完全二分木の構築) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-111-2" name="__codelineno-111-2" href="#__codelineno-111-2"></a><span class="kd">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">number</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-111-3" name="__codelineno-111-3" href="#__codelineno-111-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">===</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-111-4" name="__codelineno-111-4" href="#__codelineno-111-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">new</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-111-5" name="__codelineno-111-5" href="#__codelineno-111-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-111-6" name="__codelineno-111-6" href="#__codelineno-111-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nx">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nx">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-111-7" name="__codelineno-111-7" href="#__codelineno-111-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nx">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-111-8" name="__codelineno-111-8" href="#__codelineno-111-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.dart</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-112-1" name="__codelineno-112-1" href="#__codelineno-112-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数時間(完全二分木の構築) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-112-2" name="__codelineno-112-2" href="#__codelineno-112-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">?</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-112-3" name="__codelineno-112-3" href="#__codelineno-112-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-112-4" name="__codelineno-112-4" href="#__codelineno-112-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-112-5" name="__codelineno-112-5" href="#__codelineno-112-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-112-6" name="__codelineno-112-6" href="#__codelineno-112-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-112-7" name="__codelineno-112-7" href="#__codelineno-112-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-112-8" name="__codelineno-112-8" href="#__codelineno-112-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rs</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-113-1" name="__codelineno-113-1" href="#__codelineno-113-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数時間(完全二分木の構築) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-113-2" name="__codelineno-113-2" href="#__codelineno-113-2"></a><span class="k">fn</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">i32</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">-&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Option</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">Rc</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">RefCell</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-113-3" name="__codelineno-113-3" href="#__codelineno-113-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-113-4" name="__codelineno-113-4" href="#__codelineno-113-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">None</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-113-5" name="__codelineno-113-5" href="#__codelineno-113-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">};</span>
<a id="__codelineno-113-6" name="__codelineno-113-6" href="#__codelineno-113-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">::</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-113-7" name="__codelineno-113-7" href="#__codelineno-113-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-113-8" name="__codelineno-113-8" href="#__codelineno-113-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">borrow_mut</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-113-9" name="__codelineno-113-9" href="#__codelineno-113-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-113-10" name="__codelineno-113-10" href="#__codelineno-113-10"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.c</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-114-1" name="__codelineno-114-1" href="#__codelineno-114-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数時間(完全二分木の構築) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-114-2" name="__codelineno-114-2" href="#__codelineno-114-2"></a><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="nf">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-114-3" name="__codelineno-114-3" href="#__codelineno-114-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-114-4" name="__codelineno-114-4" href="#__codelineno-114-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-114-5" name="__codelineno-114-5" href="#__codelineno-114-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">newTreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-114-6" name="__codelineno-114-6" href="#__codelineno-114-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-114-7" name="__codelineno-114-7" href="#__codelineno-114-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<a id="__codelineno-114-8" name="__codelineno-114-8" href="#__codelineno-114-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-114-9" name="__codelineno-114-9" href="#__codelineno-114-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.kt</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-115-1" name="__codelineno-115-1" href="#__codelineno-115-1"></a><span class="cm">/* 指数時間(完全二分木の構築) */</span>
<a id="__codelineno-115-2" name="__codelineno-115-2" href="#__codelineno-115-2"></a><span class="kd">fun</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">Int</span><span class="p">):</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode? </span><span class="p">{</span>
<a id="__codelineno-115-3" name="__codelineno-115-3" href="#__codelineno-115-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-115-4" name="__codelineno-115-4" href="#__codelineno-115-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">null</span>
<a id="__codelineno-115-5" name="__codelineno-115-5" href="#__codelineno-115-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="kd">val</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">root</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TreeNode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-115-6" name="__codelineno-115-6" href="#__codelineno-115-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-115-7" name="__codelineno-115-7" href="#__codelineno-115-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="na">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">buildTree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-115-8" name="__codelineno-115-8" href="#__codelineno-115-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span>
<a id="__codelineno-115-9" name="__codelineno-115-9" href="#__codelineno-115-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<div class="tabbed-block">
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">space_complexity.rb</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-116-1" name="__codelineno-116-1" href="#__codelineno-116-1"></a><span class="c1">### 平方階 ###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-2" name="__codelineno-116-2" href="#__codelineno-116-2"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-3" name="__codelineno-116-3" href="#__codelineno-116-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 二次元リストは O(n^2) の空間を使用</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-4" name="__codelineno-116-4" href="#__codelineno-116-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-5" name="__codelineno-116-5" href="#__codelineno-116-5"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-6" name="__codelineno-116-6" href="#__codelineno-116-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-116-7" name="__codelineno-116-7" href="#__codelineno-116-7"></a><span class="c1"># ## 平方階(再帰実装)###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-8" name="__codelineno-116-8" href="#__codelineno-116-8"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">quadratic_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-9" name="__codelineno-116-9" href="#__codelineno-116-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">unless</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-10" name="__codelineno-116-10" href="#__codelineno-116-10"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-116-11" name="__codelineno-116-11" href="#__codelineno-116-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># 配列 nums の長さは n, n-1, ..., 2, 1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-12" name="__codelineno-116-12" href="#__codelineno-116-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nums</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">Array</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-13" name="__codelineno-116-13" href="#__codelineno-116-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">quadratic_recur</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-14" name="__codelineno-116-14" href="#__codelineno-116-14"></a><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-15" name="__codelineno-116-15" href="#__codelineno-116-15"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-116-16" name="__codelineno-116-16" href="#__codelineno-116-16"></a><span class="c1"># ## 指数階(満二分木を構築)###</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-17" name="__codelineno-116-17" href="#__codelineno-116-17"></a><span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-18" name="__codelineno-116-18" href="#__codelineno-116-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-19" name="__codelineno-116-19" href="#__codelineno-116-19"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-116-20" name="__codelineno-116-20" href="#__codelineno-116-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">TreeNode</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">new</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">do</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">|</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-21" name="__codelineno-116-21" href="#__codelineno-116-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">left</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-22" name="__codelineno-116-22" href="#__codelineno-116-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">build_tree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-23" name="__codelineno-116-23" href="#__codelineno-116-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">end</span>
<a id="__codelineno-116-24" name="__codelineno-116-24" href="#__codelineno-116-24"></a><span class="k">end</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<details class="pythontutor">
<summary>コードの可視化</summary>
<p><div style="height: 549px; width: 100%;"><iframe class="pythontutor-iframe" src="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=class%20TreeNode%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E4%BA%8C%E5%88%86%E6%9C%A8%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B9%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20def%20__init__%28self%2C%20val%3A%20int%20%3D%200%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.val%3A%20int%20%3D%20val%20%20%23%20%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E5%80%A4%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.left%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%20%3D%20None%20%20%23%20%E5%B7%A6%E5%AD%90%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E3%81%B8%E3%81%AE%E5%8F%82%E7%85%A7%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.right%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%20%3D%20None%20%20%23%20%E5%8F%B3%E5%AD%90%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E3%81%B8%E3%81%AE%E5%8F%82%E7%85%A7%0A%0Adef%20build_tree%28n%3A%20int%29%20-%3E%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%EF%BC%88%E5%AE%8C%E5%85%A8%E4%BA%8C%E5%88%86%E6%9C%A8%E3%81%AE%E6%A7%8B%E7%AF%89%EF%BC%89%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20if%20n%20%3D%3D%200%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%20None%0A%20%20%20%20root%20%3D%20TreeNode%280%29%0A%20%20%20%20root.left%20%3D%20build_tree%28n%20-%201%29%0A%20%20%20%20root.right%20%3D%20build_tree%28n%20-%201%29%0A%20%20%20%20return%20root%0A%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20n%20%3D%205%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%E5%85%A5%E5%8A%9B%E3%83%87%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BA%20n%20%3D%22%2C%20n%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%80%E3%83%BC%0A%20%20%20%20root%20%3D%20build_tree%28n%29&codeDivHeight=472&codeDivWidth=350&cumulative=false&curInstr=507&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false"> </iframe></div>
<div style="margin-top: 5px;"><a href="https://pythontutor.com/iframe-embed.html#code=class%20TreeNode%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E4%BA%8C%E5%88%86%E6%9C%A8%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B9%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20def%20__init__%28self%2C%20val%3A%20int%20%3D%200%29%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.val%3A%20int%20%3D%20val%20%20%23%20%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E5%80%A4%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.left%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%20%3D%20None%20%20%23%20%E5%B7%A6%E5%AD%90%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E3%81%B8%E3%81%AE%E5%8F%82%E7%85%A7%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20self.right%3A%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%20%3D%20None%20%20%23%20%E5%8F%B3%E5%AD%90%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E3%81%B8%E3%81%AE%E5%8F%82%E7%85%A7%0A%0Adef%20build_tree%28n%3A%20int%29%20-%3E%20TreeNode%20%7C%20None%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%22%22%22%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%EF%BC%88%E5%AE%8C%E5%85%A8%E4%BA%8C%E5%88%86%E6%9C%A8%E3%81%AE%E6%A7%8B%E7%AF%89%EF%BC%89%22%22%22%0A%20%20%20%20if%20n%20%3D%3D%200%3A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%20None%0A%20%20%20%20root%20%3D%20TreeNode%280%29%0A%20%20%20%20root.left%20%3D%20build_tree%28n%20-%201%29%0A%20%20%20%20root.right%20%3D%20build_tree%28n%20-%201%29%0A%20%20%20%20return%20root%0A%0Aif%20__name__%20%3D%3D%20%22__main__%22%3A%0A%20%20%20%20n%20%3D%205%0A%20%20%20%20print%28%22%E5%85%A5%E5%8A%9B%E3%83%87%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BA%20n%20%3D%22%2C%20n%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%23%20%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%80%E3%83%BC%0A%20%20%20%20root%20%3D%20build_tree%28n%29&codeDivHeight=800&codeDivWidth=600&cumulative=false&curInstr=507&heapPrimitives=nevernest&origin=opt-frontend.js&py=311&rawInputLstJSON=%5B%5D&textReferences=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">全画面で見る &gt;</a></div></p>
</details>
<p><img alt="満二分木が生み出す指数階の空間計算量" class="animation-figure" src="../space_complexity.assets/space_complexity_exponential.png" /></p>
<p align="center"> 図 2-19 &nbsp; 満二分木が生み出す指数階の空間計算量 </p>
<h3 id="5-olog-n">5. &nbsp; 対数階 <span class="arithmatex">\(O(\log n)\)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#5-olog-n" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p>対数階は分割統治アルゴリズムによく現れます。例えばマージソートでは、長さ <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> の配列を入力として、各再帰で配列を中央から二つに分割するため、高さ <span class="arithmatex">\(\log n\)</span> の再帰木が形成され、<span class="arithmatex">\(O(\log n)\)</span> のスタックフレーム空間を使用します。</p>
<p>また、数値を文字列に変換する場合を考えると、正の整数 <span class="arithmatex">\(n\)</span> の桁数は <span class="arithmatex">\(\lfloor \log_{10} n \rfloor + 1\)</span> であり、対応する文字列長も <span class="arithmatex">\(\lfloor \log_{10} n \rfloor + 1\)</span> です。したがって空間計算量は <span class="arithmatex">\(O(\log_{10} n + 1) = O(\log n)\)</span> となります。</p>
<h2 id="244">2.4.4 &nbsp; 時間と空間のトレードオフ<a class="headerlink" href="#244" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>理想的には、アルゴリズムの時間計算量と空間計算量の両方を最適にしたいところです。しかし実際には、この二つを同時に最適化するのは通常きわめて困難です。</p>
<p><strong>時間計算量を下げるには、通常、空間計算量を増やす代償が必要であり、その逆も同様です</strong>。メモリ空間を犠牲にして実行速度を上げる考え方を「空間を時間と引き換えにする」と呼び、その逆を「時間を空間と引き換えにする」と呼びます。</p>
<p>どちらの考え方を選ぶかは、何をより重視するかによって決まります。多くの場合、空間より時間のほうが貴重なので、「空間を時間と引き換えにする」戦略のほうが一般的です。もちろん、データ量が非常に大きい場合には、空間計算量を抑えることも同じくらい重要です。</p>
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